stm32串口接收字符串

下面是一个简单的示例代码，可以帮助你在STM32上接收串口字符串：

#include "stm32f4xx.h"
#include <string.h>

#define RX_BUFFER_SIZE 64

volatile char rx_buffer[RX_BUFFER_SIZE];
volatile uint8_t rx_index = 0;
volatile uint8_t rx_complete = 0;

void USART2_IRQHandler(void)
{
    if (USART_GetITStatus(USART2, USART_IT_RXNE) != RESET)
    {
        char received_char = USART_ReceiveData(USART2);
        if (received_char == '\r')
        {
            rx_buffer[rx_index] = '\0';
            rx_index = 0;
            rx_complete = 1;
        }
        else
        {
            rx_buffer[rx_index++] = received_char;
            if (rx_index >= RX_BUFFER_SIZE)
            {
                rx_index = 0;
            }
        }
    }
}

int main(void)
{
    // 初始化串口
    USART_InitTypeDef USART_InitStructure;
    GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
    NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;

    // 使能串口和GPIO时钟
    RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_USART2, ENABLE);
    RCC_AHB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_AHB1Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE);

    // 配置USART2 Tx (PA.2) 和Rx (PA.3) 引脚
    GPIO_PinAFConfig(GPIOA, GPIO_PinSource2, GPIO_AF_USART2);
    GPIO_PinAFConfig(GPIOA, GPIO_PinSource3, GPIO_AF_USART2);

    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_2 | GPIO_Pin_3;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_OType = GPIO_OType_PP;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_PuPd = GPIO_PuPd_UP;
    GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);

    // 配置USART2
    USART_InitStructure.USART_BaudRate = 115200;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_WordLength = USART_WordLength_8b;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_StopBits = USART_StopBits_1;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_Parity = USART_Parity_No;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_HardwareFlowControl = USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_Mode = USART_Mode_Rx | USART_Mode_Tx;
    USART_Init(USART2, &USART_InitStructure);

    // 使能USART2接收中断
    USART_ITConfig(USART2, USART_IT_RXNE, ENABLE);
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = USART2_IRQn;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 0;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 0;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
    NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);

    // 启动USART2
    USART_Cmd(USART2, ENABLE);

    while (1)
    {
        if (rx_complete)
        {
            // 处理接收到的字符串
            // ...
            
            // 清除标志位和缓冲区
            rx_index = 0;
            rx_complete = 0;
            memset(rx_buffer, 0, RX_BUFFER_SIZE);
        }
    }
}

在上面的代码中，我们使用了USART2来接收串口数据。在USART2_IRQHandler中断处理函数中，我们将接收到的字符存储在rx_buffer缓冲区中，当接收到回车符时，我们将缓冲区中的字符作为一个字符串处理。在主函数中，我们可以对接收到的字符串进行处理，并在处理完成后清除rx_index和rx_complete标志位以及清空rx_buffer缓冲区。