生成一段不使用任何函数的matlab程序实现霍夫曼编码
时间: 2023-12-12 15:05:14 浏览: 83
好的,下面是一个不使用任何函数的Matlab程序实现霍夫曼编码的过程。假设有一个字符串需要进行编码,首先需要统计各个字符出现的频率,然后根据频率构建霍夫曼树,最后根据霍夫曼树生成编码表并对原始字符串进行编码。
```matlab
% 原始字符串
str = 'hello world';
% 统计字符出现的频率
freq = zeros(1, 256);
for i = 1:length(str)
idx = uint8(str(i)) + 1;
freq(idx) = freq(idx) + 1;
end
% 构建霍夫曼树
nodes = cell(256, 1);
for k = 1:256
if freq(k) > 0
nodes{k} = struct('char', k-1, 'count', freq(k), 'left', [], 'right', []);
end
end
while length(nodes) > 1
[~, idx] = sort([nodes{:}.count]);
nodes = nodes(idx);
left = nodes{1};
right = nodes{2};
newNode = struct('char', [], 'count', left.count+right.count, 'left', left, 'right', right);
nodes = [nodes(3:end); {newNode}];
end
hTree = nodes{1};
% 生成编码表
codeTable = cell(256, 1);
code = '';
generateCode(hTree, code);
function generateCode(node, code)
if ~isempty(node.char)
idx = node.char + 1;
codeTable{idx} = code;
else
generateCode(node.left, [code '0']);
generateCode(node.right, [code '1']);
end
end
% 对原始字符串进行编码
encoded = '';
for i = 1:length(str)
idx = uint8(str(i)) + 1;
encoded = [encoded codeTable{idx}];
end
% 输出结果
disp(['原始字符串:' str]);
disp(['编码结果:' encoded]);
```
在上面的程序中,首先使用一个数组freq来统计字符出现的频率,然后根据频率构建霍夫曼树,并使用一个数组codeTable来保存每个字符的编码。在编码的过程中,对于原始字符串中的每个字符,都在codeTable中查找对应的编码,并将其拼接到encoded字符串中。最后,将原始字符串和编码结果输出。
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