基于windows系统，使用c语言完成一对一的socket客户端与服务器程序，并解决recv和send函数的阻塞问题，可以让程序同时进行收发通信

以下是一个基于Windows系统、使用C语言的一对一Socket客户端和服务器程序，采用非阻塞的方式进行收发通信。注意：本示例仅供参考，实际使用中需要根据具体情况进行修改。

服务器端代码：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <winsock2.h>

#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")  // 链接 ws2_32.dll 库

int main() {
    // 初始化 Winsock
    WSADATA wsaData;
    int ret = WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsaData);
    if (ret != 0) {
        printf("WSAStartup failed: %d\n", ret);
        return 1;
    }

    // 创建套接字
    SOCKET serverSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);
    if (serverSock == INVALID_SOCKET) {
        printf("socket failed: %d\n", WSAGetLastError());
        WSACleanup();
        return 1;
    }

    // 绑定地址和端口
    SOCKADDR_IN serverAddr;
    serverAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    serverAddr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);  // 任意IP地址
    serverAddr.sin_port = htons(12345);  // 端口号为 12345
    ret = bind(serverSock, (SOCKADDR*)&serverAddr, sizeof(serverAddr));
    if (ret == SOCKET_ERROR) {
        printf("bind failed: %d\n", WSAGetLastError());
        closesocket(serverSock);
        WSACleanup();
        return 1;
    }

    // 监听连接请求
    ret = listen(serverSock, SOMAXCONN);
    if (ret == SOCKET_ERROR) {
        printf("listen failed: %d\n", WSAGetLastError());
        closesocket(serverSock);
        WSACleanup();
        return 1;
    }

    printf("Waiting for client...\n");

    // 接受客户端连接
    SOCKADDR_IN clientAddr;
    int addrLen = sizeof(clientAddr);
    SOCKET clientSock = accept(serverSock, (SOCKADDR*)&clientAddr, &addrLen);
    if (clientSock == INVALID_SOCKET) {
        printf("accept failed: %d\n", WSAGetLastError());
        closesocket(serverSock);
        WSACleanup();
        return 1;
    }

    printf("Client connected: %s:%d\n", inet_ntoa(clientAddr.sin_addr), ntohs(clientAddr.sin_port));

    // 设置套接字为非阻塞模式
    u_long nonBlockingMode = 1;
    ret = ioctlsocket(clientSock, FIONBIO, &nonBlockingMode);
    if (ret == SOCKET_ERROR) {
        printf("ioctlsocket failed: %d\n", WSAGetLastError());
        closesocket(clientSock);
        closesocket(serverSock);
        WSACleanup();
        return 1;
    }

    // 接收和发送数据
    char recvBuf[1024];
    char sendBuf[1024];
    while (1) {
        // 接收数据
        int recvLen = recv(clientSock, recvBuf, sizeof(recvBuf), 0);
        if (recvLen == SOCKET_ERROR) {
            int errCode = WSAGetLastError();
            if (errCode == WSAEWOULDBLOCK) {
                // 没有数据可读，继续等待
                continue;
            } else {
                printf("recv failed: %d\n", errCode);
                break;
            }
        } else if (recvLen == 0) {
            // 客户端已关闭连接
            printf("Client disconnected.\n");
            break;
        }

        // 处理接收到的数据
        // ...

        // 发送数据
        int sendLen = send(clientSock, sendBuf, strlen(sendBuf), 0);
        if (sendLen == SOCKET_ERROR) {
            int errCode = WSAGetLastError();
            if (errCode == WSAEWOULDBLOCK) {
                // 发送缓冲区已满，继续等待
                continue;
            } else {
                printf("send failed: %d\n", errCode);
                break;
            }
        }

        // 处理发送完成的数据
        // ...
    }

    // 关闭套接字
    closesocket(clientSock);
    closesocket(serverSock);

    // 清理 Winsock
    WSACleanup();

    return 0;
}

客户端代码：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <winsock2.h>

#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")  // 链接 ws2_32.dll 库

int main() {
    // 初始化 Winsock
    WSADATA wsaData;
    int ret = WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsaData);
    if (ret != 0) {
        printf("WSAStartup failed: %d\n", ret);
        return 1;
    }

    // 创建套接字
    SOCKET clientSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);
    if (clientSock == INVALID_SOCKET) {
        printf("socket failed: %d\n", WSAGetLastError());
        WSACleanup();
        return 1;
    }

    // 连接服务器
    SOCKADDR_IN serverAddr;
    serverAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    serverAddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");  // IP地址为本地
    serverAddr.sin_port = htons(12345);  // 端口号为 12345
    ret = connect(clientSock, (SOCKADDR*)&serverAddr, sizeof(serverAddr));
    if (ret == SOCKET_ERROR) {
        printf("connect failed: %d\n", WSAGetLastError());
        closesocket(clientSock);
        WSACleanup();
        return 1;
    }

    printf("Connected to server.\n");

    // 设置套接字为非阻塞模式
    u_long nonBlockingMode = 1;
    ret = ioctlsocket(clientSock, FIONBIO, &nonBlockingMode);
    if (ret == SOCKET_ERROR) {
        printf("ioctlsocket failed: %d\n", WSAGetLastError());
        closesocket(clientSock);
        WSACleanup();
        return 1;
    }

    // 接收和发送数据
    char recvBuf[1024];
    char sendBuf[1024];
    while (1) {
        // 发送数据
        int sendLen = send(clientSock, sendBuf, strlen(sendBuf), 0);
        if (sendLen == SOCKET_ERROR) {
            int errCode = WSAGetLastError();
            if (errCode == WSAEWOULDBLOCK) {
                // 发送缓冲区已满，继续等待
                continue;
            } else {
                printf("send failed: %d\n", errCode);
                break;
            }
        }

        // 处理发送完成的数据
        // ...

        // 接收数据
        int recvLen = recv(clientSock, recvBuf, sizeof(recvBuf), 0);
        if (recvLen == SOCKET_ERROR) {
            int errCode = WSAGetLastError();
            if (errCode == WSAEWOULDBLOCK) {
                // 没有数据可读，继续等待
                continue;
            } else {
                printf("recv failed: %d\n", errCode);
                break;
            }
        } else if (recvLen == 0) {
            // 服务器已关闭连接
            printf("Server disconnected.\n");
            break;
        }

        // 处理接收到的数据
        // ...
    }

    // 关闭套接字
    closesocket(clientSock);

    // 清理 Winsock
    WSACleanup();

    return 0;
}