data_predict = train_predict.data.numpy() dataY_plot = dataY.data.numpy()甚么意思?
时间: 2023-06-12 10:03:41 浏览: 41
这两行代码是将 PyTorch Tensor 对象转换为 NumPy 数组。具体来说,train_predict 和 dataY 都是 PyTorch 的 Tensor 对象,调用 .data 属性可以获取其底层的 NumPy 数组。然后将这些 NumPy 数组分别赋值给 data_predict 和 dataY_plot 变量,用于后续的数据可视化或其他操作。
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下面的这段python代码,哪里有错误,修改一下:import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import pandas as pd import torch import torch.nn as nn from torch.autograd import Variable from sklearn.preprocessing import MinMaxScaler training_set = pd.read_csv('CX2-36_1971.csv') training_set = training_set.iloc[:, 1:2].values def sliding_windows(data, seq_length): x = [] y = [] for i in range(len(data) - seq_length): _x = data[i:(i + seq_length)] _y = data[i + seq_length] x.append(_x) y.append(_y) return np.array(x), np.array(y) sc = MinMaxScaler() training_data = sc.fit_transform(training_set) seq_length = 1 x, y = sliding_windows(training_data, seq_length) train_size = int(len(y) * 0.8) test_size = len(y) - train_size dataX = Variable(torch.Tensor(np.array(x))) dataY = Variable(torch.Tensor(np.array(y))) trainX = Variable(torch.Tensor(np.array(x[1:train_size]))) trainY = Variable(torch.Tensor(np.array(y[1:train_size]))) testX = Variable(torch.Tensor(np.array(x[train_size:len(x)]))) testY = Variable(torch.Tensor(np.array(y[train_size:len(y)]))) class LSTM(nn.Module): def __init__(self, num_classes, input_size, hidden_size, num_layers): super(LSTM, self).__init__() self.num_classes = num_classes self.num_layers = num_layers self.input_size = input_size self.hidden_size = hidden_size self.seq_length = seq_length self.lstm = nn.LSTM(input_size=input_size, hidden_size=hidden_size, num_layers=num_layers, batch_first=True) self.fc = nn.Linear(hidden_size, num_classes) def forward(self, x): h_0 = Variable(torch.zeros( self.num_layers, x.size(0), self.hidden_size)) c_0 = Variable(torch.zeros( self.num_layers, x.size(0), self.hidden_size)) # Propagate input through LSTM ula, (h_out, _) = self.lstm(x, (h_0, c_0)) h_out = h_out.view(-1, self.hidden_size) out = self.fc(h_out) return out num_epochs = 2000 learning_rate = 0.001 input_size = 1 hidden_size = 2 num_layers = 1 num_classes = 1 lstm = LSTM(num_classes, input_size, hidden_size, num_layers) criterion = torch.nn.MSELoss() # mean-squared error for regression optimizer = torch.optim.Adam(lstm.parameters(), lr=learning_rate) # optimizer = torch.optim.SGD(lstm.parameters(), lr=learning_rate) runn = 10 Y_predict = np.zeros((runn, len(dataY))) # Train the model for i in range(runn): print('Run: ' + str(i + 1)) for epoch in range(num_epochs): outputs = lstm(trainX) optimizer.zero_grad() # obtain the loss function loss = criterion(outputs, trainY) loss.backward() optimizer.step() if epoch % 100 == 0: print("Epoch: %d, loss: %1.5f" % (epoch, loss.item())) lstm.eval() train_predict = lstm(dataX) data_predict = train_predict.data.numpy() dataY_plot = dataY.data.numpy() data_predict = sc.inverse_transform(data_predict) dataY_plot = sc.inverse_transform(dataY_plot) Y_predict[i,:] = np.transpose(np.array(data_predict)) Y_Predict = np.mean(np.array(Y_predict)) Y_Predict_T = np.transpose(np.array(Y_Predict))
在这段代码中,可能存在以下错误:
1. 缺少必要的库或模块。
2. training_set 的文件路径是否正确。
3. training_set 的数据处理是否正确。
4. LSTM 模型的定义是否正确。
5. 训练和预测的代码是否正确。
下面是修改后的代码:
```python
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import pandas as pd
import torch
import torch.nn as nn
from torch.autograd import Variable
from sklearn.preprocessing import MinMaxScaler
# 读取数据
training_set = pd.read_csv('CX2-36_1971.csv')
training_set = training_set.iloc[:, 1:2].values
# 定义数据处理函数
def sliding_windows(data, seq_length):
x = []
y = []
for i in range(len(data) - seq_length):
_x = data[i:(i + seq_length)]
_y = data[i + seq_length]
x.append(_x)
y.append(_y)
return np.array(x), np.array(y)
# 对数据进行归一化处理
sc = MinMaxScaler()
training_data = sc.fit_transform(training_set)
# 定义窗口长度
seq_length = 1
# 对数据进行窗口划分
x, y = sliding_windows(training_data, seq_length)
# 划分训练集和测试集
train_size = int(len(y) * 0.8)
test_size = len(y) - train_size
dataX = Variable(torch.Tensor(np.array(x)))
dataY = Variable(torch.Tensor(np.array(y)))
trainX = Variable(torch.Tensor(np.array(x[1:train_size])))
trainY = Variable(torch.Tensor(np.array(y[1:train_size])))
testX = Variable(torch.Tensor(np.array(x[train_size:len(x)])))
testY = Variable(torch.Tensor(np.array(y[train_size:len(y)])))
# 定义 LSTM 模型
class LSTM(nn.Module):
def __init__(self, num_classes, input_size, hidden_size, num_layers):
super(LSTM, self).__init__()
self.num_classes = num_classes
self.num_layers = num_layers
self.input_size = input_size
self.hidden_size = hidden_size
self.seq_length = seq_length
self.lstm = nn.LSTM(input_size=input_size, hidden_size=hidden_size,
num_layers=num_layers, batch_first=True)
self.fc = nn.Linear(hidden_size, num_classes)
def forward(self, x):
h_0 = Variable(torch.zeros(
self.num_layers, x.size(0), self.hidden_size))
c_0 = Variable(torch.zeros(
self.num_layers, x.size(0), self.hidden_size))
# Propagate input through LSTM
ula, (h_out, _) = self.lstm(x, (h_0, c_0))
h_out = h_out.view(-1, self.hidden_size)
out = self.fc(h_out)
return out
# 定义训练参数
num_epochs = 2000
learning_rate = 0.001
input_size = 1
hidden_size = 2
num_layers = 1
num_classes = 1
# 实例化 LSTM 模型
lstm = LSTM(num_classes, input_size, hidden_size, num_layers)
# 定义损失函数和优化器
criterion = torch.nn.MSELoss()
optimizer = torch.optim.Adam(lstm.parameters(), lr=learning_rate)
# 训练模型
runn = 10
Y_predict = np.zeros((runn, len(dataY)))
for i in range(runn):
print('Run: ' + str(i + 1))
for epoch in range(num_epochs):
outputs = lstm(trainX)
optimizer.zero_grad()
loss = criterion(outputs, trainY)
loss.backward()
optimizer.step()
if epoch % 100 == 0:
print("Epoch: %d, loss: %1.5f" % (epoch, loss.item()))
lstm.eval()
train_predict = lstm(dataX)
data_predict = train_predict.data.numpy()
dataY_plot = dataY.data.numpy()
# 对结果进行反归一化
data_predict = sc.inverse_transform(data_predict)
dataY_plot = sc.inverse_transform(dataY_plot)
Y_predict[i,:] = np.transpose(np.array(data_predict))
Y_Predict = np.mean(Y_predict, axis=0)
Y_Predict_T = np.transpose(np.array(Y_Predict))
```
import pandas as pd import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import tensorflow as tf from tensorflow.keras.models import Sequential from tensorflow.keras.layers import LSTM, Dense data = pd.read_csv('车辆:274序:4结果数据.csv') x = data[['车头间距', '原车道前车速度']].values y = data['本车速度'].values train_size = int(len(x) * 0.7) test_size = len(x) - train_size x_train, x_test = x[0:train_size,:], x[train_size:len(x),:] y_train, y_test = y[0:train_size], y[train_size:len(y)] from sklearn.preprocessing import MinMaxScaler scaler = MinMaxScaler(feature_range=(0, 1)) x_train = scaler.fit_transform(x_train) x_test = scaler.transform(x_test) model = Sequential() model.add(LSTM(50, input_shape=(2, 1))) model.add(Dense(1)) model.compile(loss='mean_squared_error', optimizer='adam') history = model.fit(x_train.reshape(-1, 2, 1), y_train, epochs=100, batch_size=32, validation_data=(x_test.reshape(-1, 2, 1), y_test)) plt.plot(history.history['loss']) plt.plot(history.history['val_loss']) plt.title('Model loss') plt.ylabel('Loss') plt.xlabel('Epoch') plt.legend(['Train', 'Test'], loc='upper right') plt.show() train_predict = model.predict(x_train.reshape(-1, 2, 1)) test_predict = model.predict(x_test.reshape(-1, 2, 1)) train_predict = scaler.inverse_transform(train_predict) train_predict = train_predict.reshape(-1) # 将结果变为一维数组 y_train = scaler.inverse_transform(y_train.reshape(-1, 1)).reshape(-1) # 将结果变为一维数组 test_predict = scaler.inverse_transform(test_predict) y_test = scaler.inverse_transform([y_test]) plt.plot(y_train[0], label='train') plt.plot(train_predict[:,0], label='train predict') plt.plot(y_test[0], label='test') plt.plot(test_predict[:,0], label='test predict') plt.legend() plt.show()报错Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\Users\马斌\Desktop\NGSIM_data_processing\80s\lstmtest.py", line 42, in <module> train_predict = scaler.inverse_transform(train_predict) File "D:\python\python3.9.5\pythonProject\venv\lib\site-packages\sklearn\preprocessing\_data.py", line 541, in inverse_transform X -= self.min_ ValueError: non-broadcastable output operand with shape (611,1) doesn't match the broadcast shape (611,2)
这个错误发生在将归一化后的预测结果进行逆归一化时。根据错误提示,训练集的预测结果和真实值的形状为 (611,),而测试集的预测结果和真实值的形状为 (1, 611)。这是因为在进行逆归一化时,要求预测结果和真实值的形状必须一致,即都为一维数组。
你可以将 y_test 的形状改为 (611,),方法是将 y_test 的数据类型从二维数组转换为一维数组,就像对 y_train 做的那样。修改后的代码如下:
```python
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import tensorflow as tf
from tensorflow.keras.models import Sequential
from tensorflow.keras.layers import LSTM, Dense
data = pd.read_csv('车辆:274序:4结果数据.csv')
x = data[['车头间距', '原车道前车速度']].values
y = data['本车速度'].values
train_size = int(len(x) * 0.7)
test_size = len(x) - train_size
x_train, x_test = x[0:train_size,:], x[train_size:len(x),:]
y_train, y_test = y[0:train_size], y[train_size:len(y)]
from sklearn.preprocessing import MinMaxScaler
scaler = MinMaxScaler(feature_range=(0, 1))
x_train = scaler.fit_transform(x_train)
x_test = scaler.transform(x_test)
model = Sequential()
model.add(LSTM(50, input_shape=(2, 1)))
model.add(Dense(1))
model.compile(loss='mean_squared_error', optimizer='adam')
history = model.fit(x_train.reshape(-1, 2, 1), y_train, epochs=100, batch_size=32, validation_data=(x_test.reshape(-1, 2, 1), y_test))
plt.plot(history.history['loss'])
plt.plot(history.history['val_loss'])
plt.title('Model loss')
plt.ylabel('Loss')
plt.xlabel('Epoch')
plt.legend(['Train', 'Test'], loc='upper right')
plt.show()
train_predict = model.predict(x_train.reshape(-1, 2, 1))
test_predict = model.predict(x_test.reshape(-1, 2, 1))
train_predict = scaler.inverse_transform(train_predict)
train_predict = train_predict.reshape(-1) # 将结果变为一维数组
y_train = scaler.inverse_transform(y_train.reshape(-1, 1)).reshape(-1) # 将结果变为一维数组
test_predict = scaler.inverse_transform(test_predict)
y_test = scaler.inverse_transform(y_test.reshape(-1, 1)).reshape(-1) # 将结果变为一维数组
plt.plot(y_train, label='train')
plt.plot(train_predict, label='train predict')
plt.plot(y_test, label='test')
plt.plot(test_predict, label='test predict')
plt.legend()
plt.show()
```