def evaluate(self, schedule): #方法 makespan = np.zeros((self.num_jobs, self.num_operations)) #用numpy库创建了名为makespan的二维数组,初始化并不断更新用 machine_energy = np.zeros(self.num_machines) #一维数组 for i in range(self.num_jobs): for j in range(self.num_operations): #同时选中i与j进行遍历 operation = self.jobs[i][j] #这里与上边的定义作业有关系,等于选中opes集合中的某一个以ij表示的ope machine = operation['machine'] #machine time energy 分别是选中ij后,其所对应的字典变量ope所携带的三个键值对的数据值 time = operation['time'] #同上 这里三个单词都加了''单引号,是因为它们是ope字典的键 energy = operation['energy'] #同上 start_time = max(makespan[i][j-1], makespan[i-1][j]) if i > 0 and j > 0 else 0 makespan[i][j] = start_time + time machine_energy[machine] += energy return np.max(makespan), np.sum(machine_energy) 请帮我解释每一行代码的含义

时间: 2024-02-07 12:04:01 浏览: 20
好的,我来给您解释一下这个方法中每一行代码的含义: ```python def evaluate(self, schedule): # 用numpy库创建了名为makespan的二维数组,初始化并不断更新用 makespan = np.zeros((self.num_jobs, self.num_operations)) # 用numpy库创建了名为machine_energy的一维数组,用于保存每台机器的能量消耗 machine_energy = np.zeros(self.num_machines) # 遍历每个作业 for i in range(self.num_jobs): # 遍历每个作业的操作 for j in range(self.num_operations): # 选中第i个作业的第j个操作(一个字典) operation = self.jobs[i][j] # 获取该操作所需的机器编号、处理时间和能量消耗 machine = operation['machine'] time = operation['time'] energy = operation['energy'] # 计算该操作的开始时间(考虑前一个操作和上一个作业的同一操作的完成时间之后开始) start_time = max(makespan[i][j-1], makespan[i-1][j]) if i > 0 and j > 0 else 0 # 更新该操作所在作业的时间表 makespan[i][j] = start_time + time # 更新该操作所需机器的能量消耗 machine_energy[machine] += energy # 计算所有作业中最长的完成时间和所有机器的能量消耗之和 return np.max(makespan), np.sum(machine_energy) ``` 希望能够帮助您理解该方法的具体实现过程。

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import numpy as np from platypus import NSGAII, Problem, Real, Integer # 定义问题 class JobShopProblem(Problem): def __init__(self, jobs, machines, processing_times): num_jobs = len(jobs) num_machines = len(machines[0]) super().__init__(num_jobs, 1, 1) self.jobs = jobs self.machines = machines self.processing_times = processing_times self.types[:] = Integer(0, num_jobs - 1) self.constraints[:] = [lambda x: x[0] == 1] def evaluate(self, solution): job_order = np.argsort(np.array(solution.variables[:], dtype=int)) machine_available_time = np.zeros(len(self.machines)) job_completion_time = np.zeros(len(self.jobs)) for job_idx in job_order: job = self.jobs[job_idx] for machine_idx, processing_time in zip(job, self.processing_times[job_idx]): machine_available_time[machine_idx] = max(machine_available_time[machine_idx], job_completion_time[job_idx]) job_completion_time[job_idx] = machine_available_time[machine_idx] + processing_time solution.objectives[:] = [np.max(job_completion_time)] # 定义问题参数 jobs = [[0, 1], [2, 0], [1, 2]] machines = [[0, 1, 2], [1, 2, 0], [2, 0, 1]] processing_times = [[5, 4], [3, 5], [1, 3]] # 创建算法实例 problem = JobShopProblem(jobs, machines, processing_times) algorithm = NSGAII(problem) algorithm.population_size = 100 # 设置优化目标 problem.directions[:] = Problem.MINIMIZE # 定义算法参数 algorithm.population_size = 100 max_generations = 100 mutation_probability = 0.1 # 设置算法参数 algorithm.max_iterations = max_generations algorithm.mutation_probability = mutation_probability # 运行算法 algorithm.run(max_generations) # 输出结果 print("最小化的最大完工时间:", algorithm.result[0].objectives[0]) print("工件加工顺序和机器安排方案:", algorithm.result[0].variables[:]) 请检查上述代码

class AbstractGreedyAndPrune(): def __init__(self, aoi: AoI, uavs_tours: dict, max_rounds: int, debug: bool = True): self.aoi = aoi self.max_rounds = max_rounds self.debug = debug self.graph = aoi.graph self.nnodes = self.aoi.n_targets self.uavs = list(uavs_tours.keys()) self.nuavs = len(self.uavs) self.uavs_tours = {i: uavs_tours[self.uavs[i]] for i in range(self.nuavs)} self.__check_depots() self.reachable_points = self.__reachable_points() def __pruning(self, mr_solution: MultiRoundSolution) -> MultiRoundSolution: return utility.pruning_multiroundsolution(mr_solution) def solution(self) -> MultiRoundSolution: mrs_builder = MultiRoundSolutionBuilder(self.aoi) for uav in self.uavs: mrs_builder.add_drone(uav) residual_ntours_to_assign = {i : self.max_rounds for i in range(self.nuavs)} tour_to_assign = self.max_rounds * self.nuavs visited_points = set() while not self.greedy_stop_condition(visited_points, tour_to_assign): itd_uav, ind_tour = self.local_optimal_choice(visited_points, residual_ntours_to_assign) residual_ntours_to_assign[itd_uav] -= 1 tour_to_assign -= 1 opt_tour = self.uavs_tours[itd_uav][ind_tour] visited_points |= set(opt_tour.targets_indexes) # update visited points mrs_builder.append_tour(self.uavs[itd_uav], opt_tour) return self.__pruning(mrs_builder.build()) class CumulativeGreedyCoverage(AbstractGreedyAndPrune): choice_dict = {} for ind_uav in range(self.nuavs): uav_residual_rounds = residual_ntours_to_assign[ind_uav] if uav_residual_rounds > 0: uav_tours = self.uavs_tours[ind_uav] for ind_tour in range(len(uav_tours)): tour = uav_tours[ind_tour] quality_tour = self.evaluate_tour(tour, uav_residual_rounds, visited_points) choice_dict[quality_tour] = (ind_uav, ind_tour) best_value = max(choice_dict, key=int) return choice_dict[best_value] def evaluate_tour(self, tour : Tour, round_count : int, visited_points : set): new_points = (set(tour.targets_indexes) - visited_points) return round_count * len(new_points) 如何改写上述程序,使其能返回所有已经探索过的目标点visited_points的数量,请用代码表示

以下代码有什么错误,怎么修改: import tensorflow.compat.v1 as tf tf.disable_v2_behavior() from PIL import Image import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import input_data import model import numpy as np import xlsxwriter num_threads = 4 def evaluate_one_image(): workbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook('formatting.xlsx') worksheet = workbook.add_worksheet('My Worksheet') with tf.Graph().as_default(): BATCH_SIZE = 1 N_CLASSES = 4 image = tf.cast(image_array, tf.float32) image = tf.image.per_image_standardization(image) image = tf.reshape(image, [1, 208, 208, 3]) logit = model.cnn_inference(image, BATCH_SIZE, N_CLASSES) logit = tf.nn.softmax(logit) x = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, shape=[208, 208, 3]) logs_train_dir = 'log/' saver = tf.train.Saver() with tf.Session() as sess: print("从指定路径中加载模型...") ckpt = tf.train.get_checkpoint_state(logs_train_dir) if ckpt and ckpt.model_checkpoint_path: global_step = ckpt.model_checkpoint_path.split('/')[-1].split('-')[-1] saver.restore(sess, ckpt.model_checkpoint_path) print('模型加载成功, 训练的步数为: %s' % global_step) else: print('模型加载失败,checkpoint文件没找到!') prediction = sess.run(logit, feed_dict={x: image_array}) max_index = np.argmax(prediction) workbook.close() def evaluate_images(test_img): coord = tf.train.Coordinator() threads = tf.train.start_queue_runners(coord=coord) for index,img in enumerate(test_img): image = Image.open(img) image = image.resize([208, 208]) image_array = np.array(image) tf.compat.v1.threading.Thread(target=evaluate_one_image, args=(image_array, index)).start() coord.request_stop() coord.join(threads) if __name__ == '__main__': test_dir = 'data/test/' import glob import xlwt test_img = glob.glob(test_dir + '*.jpg') evaluate_images(test_img)

class PSO_VRP: def __init__(self, num_particles, num_iterations, num_customers, max_capacity, max_distance, distances, demands): self.num_particles = num_particles self.num_iterations = num_iterations self.num_customers = num_customers self.max_capacity = max_capacity self.max_distance = max_distance self.distances = distances self.demands = demands self.global_best_fitness = float('inf') self.global_best_position = [0] * num_customers self.particles = [] def initialize_particles(self): for _ in range(self.num_particles): particle = Particle(self.num_customers, self.max_capacity, self.max_distance) self.particles.append(particle) def update_particles(self): for particle in self.particles: for i in range(len(particle.position)): r1 = random.random() r2 = random.random() particle.velocity[i] = 0.5 * particle.velocity[i] + 2 * r1 * (particle.best_position[i] - particle.position[i]) + 2 * r2 * (self.global_best_position[i] - particle.position[i]) particle.velocity[i] = int(particle.velocity[i]) if particle.velocity[i] < 0: particle.velocity[i] = 0 elif particle.velocity[i] > self.num_customers - 1: particle.velocity[i] = self.num_customers - 1 particle.position = [(particle.position[i] + particle.velocity[i]) % (self.num_customers + 1) for i in range(len(particle.position))] def update_global_best(self): for particle in self.particles: if particle.best_fitness < self.global_best_fitness: self.global_best_fitness = particle.best_fitness self.global_best_position = particle.best_position.copy() def solve(self): self.initialize_particles() for _ in range(self.num_iterations): for particle in self.particles: particle.evaluate_fitness(self.distances, self.demands) self.update_global_best() self.update_particles() return self.global_best_position, self.global_best_fitness添加注释

下面一段代码有什么错误:def evaluate_one_image(): workbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook('formatting.xlsx') worksheet = workbook.add_worksheet('My Worksheet') with tf.Graph().as_default(): BATCH_SIZE = 1 N_CLASSES = 4 image = tf.cast(image_array, tf.float32) image = tf.image.per_image_standardization(image) image = tf.reshape(image, [1, 208, 208, 3]) logit = model.cnn_inference(image, BATCH_SIZE, N_CLASSES) logit = tf.nn.softmax(logit) x = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, shape=[208, 208, 3]) logs_train_dir = 'log/' saver = tf.train.Saver() with tf.Session() as sess: print("从指定路径中加载模型...") ckpt = tf.train.get_checkpoint_state(logs_train_dir) if ckpt and ckpt.model_checkpoint_path: global_step = ckpt.model_checkpoint_path.split('/')[-1].split('-')[-1] saver.restore(sess, ckpt.model_checkpoint_path) print('模型加载成功, 训练的步数为: %s' % global_step) else: print('模型加载失败,checkpoint文件没找到!') prediction = sess.run(logit, feed_dict={x: image_array}) max_index = np.argmax(prediction) workbook.close() def evaluate_images(test_img): coord = tf.train.Coordinator() threads = tf.train.start_queue_runners(coord=coord) for index,img in enumerate(test_img): image = Image.open(img) image = image.resize([208, 208]) image_array = np.array(image) tf.compat.v1.threading.Thread(target=evaluate_one_image, args=(image_array, index)).start() # 请求停止所有线程 coord.request_stop() # 等待所有线程完成 coord.join(threads) if __name__ == '__main__': # 调用方法,开始测试 test_dir = 'data/test/' import glob import xlwt test_img = glob.glob(test_dir + '*.jpg') evaluate_images(test_img)

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- """ Created on Fri Apr 23 21:10:25 2021 例题:我们把(2,0),(0,2),(0,0)这三个点当作类别1; (3,0),(0,3),(3,3)这三个点当作类别2, 训练好SVM分类器之后,我们预测(-1,-1),(4,4)这两个点所属的类别。 @author: Administrator """ import numpy as np from sklearn.svm import SVC import matplotlib.pyplot as plt data = np.array([[2,0,1],[0,2,1],[0,0,1],[3,0,2],[0,3,2],[3,3,2]]) x = np.array(data[:, 0:2]) y = np.array(data[:,2]) model = SVC(kernel='linear') model.fit(x,y) # ============================================================================= # print(model.dual_coef_) #决策函数中支持向量的系数 # print(model.coef_) #赋予特征的权重(原始问题中的系数)。这仅适用于线性内核 # print(model.intercept_) # 决策函数中的常量 # print(model.support_) #支持向量索引 # print(model.n_support_) #每一类的支持向量数目 print(model.support_vectors_) #支持向量 # ============================================================================= Cp = [[-1,-1],[4,4]] pre = model.predict(Cp) #对Cp中的点进行类别预测 print(pre) plt.scatter(x[:, 0], x[:, 1], c=y, s=30, cmap=plt.cm.Paired) # plot the decision function ax = plt.gca() xlim = ax.get_xlim() ylim = ax.get_ylim() # create grid to evaluate model xx = np.linspace(xlim[0], xlim[1], 30) yy = np.linspace(ylim[0], ylim[1], 30) YY, XX = np.meshgrid(yy, xx) xy = np.vstack([XX.ravel(), YY.ravel()]).T Z = model.decision_function(xy).reshape(XX.shape) # plot decision boundary and margins ax.contour(XX, YY, Z, colors='k', levels=[0], alpha=1, linestyles=['-']) # plot support vectors ax.scatter(model.support_vectors_[:, 0], model.support_vectors_[:, 1], s=100, linewidth=1, facecolors='none', edgecolors='k') plt.show()代码解释

import time import tensorflow.compat.v1 as tf tf.disable_v2_behavior() from tensorflow.examples.tutorials.mnist import input_data import mnist_inference import mnist_train tf.compat.v1.reset_default_graph() EVAL_INTERVAL_SECS = 10 def evaluate(mnist): with tf.Graph().as_default() as g: #定义输入与输出的格式 x = tf.compat.v1.placeholder(tf.float32, [None, mnist_inference.INPUT_NODE], name='x-input') y_ = tf.compat.v1.placeholder(tf.float32, [None, mnist_inference.OUTPUT_NODE], name='y-input') validate_feed = {x: mnist.validation.images, y_: mnist.validation.labels} #直接调用封装好的函数来计算前向传播的结果 y = mnist_inference.inference(x, None) #计算正确率 correcgt_prediction = tf.equal(tf.argmax(y, 1), tf.argmax(y_, 1)) accuracy = tf.reduce_mean(tf.cast(correcgt_prediction, tf.float32)) #通过变量重命名的方式加载模型 variable_averages = tf.train.ExponentialMovingAverage(0.99) variable_to_restore = variable_averages.variables_to_restore() saver = tf.train.Saver(variable_to_restore) #每隔10秒调用一次计算正确率的过程以检测训练过程中正确率的变化 while True: with tf.compat.v1.Session() as sess: ckpt = tf.train.get_checkpoint_state(minist_train.MODEL_SAVE_PATH) if ckpt and ckpt.model_checkpoint_path: #load the model saver.restore(sess, ckpt.model_checkpoint_path) global_step = ckpt.model_checkpoint_path.split('/')[-1].split('-')[-1] accuracy_score = sess.run(accuracy, feed_dict=validate_feed) print("After %s training steps, validation accuracy = %g" % (global_step, accuracy_score)) else: print('No checkpoint file found') return time.sleep(EVAL_INTERVAL_SECS) def main(argv=None): mnist = input_data.read_data_sets(r"D:\Anaconda123\Lib\site-packages\tensorboard\mnist", one_hot=True) evaluate(mnist) if __name__ == '__main__': tf.compat.v1.app.run()对代码进行改进

import os import random import numpy as np import cv2 import keras from create_unet import create_model img_path = 'data_enh/img' mask_path = 'data_enh/mask' # 训练集与测试集的切分 img_files = np.array(os.listdir(img_path)) data_num = len(img_files) train_num = int(data_num * 0.8) train_ind = random.sample(range(data_num), train_num) test_ind = list(set(range(data_num)) - set(train_ind)) train_ind = np.array(train_ind) test_ind = np.array(test_ind) train_img = img_files[train_ind] # 训练的数据 test_img = img_files[test_ind] # 测试的数据 def get_mask_name(img_name): mask = [] for i in img_name: mask_name = i.replace('.jpg', '.png') mask.append(mask_name) return np.array(mask) train_mask = get_mask_name(train_img) test_msak = get_mask_name(test_img) def generator(img, mask, batch_size): num = len(img) while True: IMG = [] MASK = [] for i in range(batch_size): index = np.random.choice(num) img_name = img[index] mask_name = mask[index] img_temp = os.path.join(img_path, img_name) mask_temp = os.path.join(mask_path, mask_name) temp_img = cv2.imread(img_temp) temp_mask = cv2.imread(mask_temp, 0)/255 temp_mask = np.reshape(temp_mask, [256, 256, 1]) IMG.append(temp_img) MASK.append(temp_mask) IMG = np.array(IMG) MASK = np.array(MASK) yield IMG, MASK # train_data = generator(train_img, train_mask, 32) # temp_data = train_data.__next__() # 计算dice系数 def dice_coef(y_true, y_pred): y_true_f = keras.backend.flatten(y_true) y_pred_f = keras.backend.flatten(y_pred) intersection = keras.backend.sum(y_true_f * y_pred_f) area_true = keras.backend.sum(y_true_f * y_true_f) area_pred = keras.backend.sum(y_pred_f * y_pred_f) dice = (2 * intersection + 1)/(area_true + area_pred + 1) return dice # 自定义损失函数,dice_loss def dice_coef_loss(y_true, y_pred): return 1 - dice_coef(y_true, y_pred) # 模型的创建 model = create_model() # 模型的编译 model.compile(optimizer='Adam', loss=dice_coef_loss, metrics=[dice_coef]) # 模型的训练 history = model.fit_generator(generator(train_img, train_mask, 4), steps_per_epoch=100, epochs=10, validation_data=generator(test_img, test_msak, 4), validation_steps=4 ) # 模型的保存 model.save('unet_model.h5') # 模型的读取 model = keras.models.load_model('unet_model.h5', custom_objects={'dice_coef_loss': dice_coef_loss, 'dice_coef': dice_coef}) # 获取测试数据 test_generator = generator(test_img, test_msak, 32) img, mask = test_generator.__next__() # 模型的测试 model.evaluate(img, mask) # [0.11458712816238403, 0.885412871837616] 94%

class BinaryTree: def init(self, rootObj): self.key = rootObj self.leftChild = None self.rightChild = None def insertLeft(self, newNode): if self.leftChild == None: self.leftChild = BinaryTree(newNode) else: t = BinaryTree(newNode) t.leftChild = self.leftChild self.leftChild = t def insertRight(self, newNode): if self.rightChild == None: self.rightChild = BinaryTree(newNode) else: t = BinaryTree(newNode) t.rightChild = self.rightChild self.rightChild = t def getLeftChild(self): return self.leftChild def getRightChild(self): return self.rightChild def setRootVal(self, obj): self.key = obj def getRootVal(self): return self.key def buildParseTree(fpexp): fplist = list(fpexp) pStack = [] eTree = BinaryTree('') pStack.append(eTree) currentTree = eTree for i in fplist: if i == '(': currentTree.insertLeft('') pStack.append(currentTree) currentTree = currentTree.getLeftChild() elif i not in ['+','-','','/',')']: currentTree.setRootVal(int(i)) parent = pStack.pop() currentTree = parent elif i in ['+','-','','/']: currentTree.setRootVal(i) currentTree.insertRight('') pStack.append(currentTree) currentTree = currentTree.getRightChild() elif i == ')': currentTree = pStack.pop() else: raise ValueError return eTree def preorder(tree): if tree: print(tree.getRootVal()) preorder(tree.getLeftChild()) preorder(tree.getRightChild()) def inorder(tree): if tree!=None: inorder(tree.getLeftChild()) print(tree.getRootVal()) inorder(tree.getRightchild()) def postorder(tree): if tree!=None: postorder(tree.getLeftChild()) postorder(tree.getRightChild()) print(tree.getRootVal()) import operator def evaluate(parseTree): opers = {'+': operator.add,'-': operator.sub,'*': operator.mul,'/': operator.truediv} leftC = parseTree.getLeftChild() rightC = parseTree.getRightChild() if leftC and rightC: fn = opers[parseTree.getRootVal()] return fn(evaluate(leftC), evaluate(rightC)) else: return parseTree.getRootVal() # 测试案例 pt=buildParseTree('((10+5)*3)') print("先序遍历:") preorder(pt) print("中序遍历:") inorder(pt) print("后序遍历:") postorder(pt) print("求值结果:", evaluate(pt))有什么问题吗,如果有请帮我改错

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