Setting Coding Style and Formatting Standards

# The Importance of Code Style and Formatting Standards

Code style and formatting are crucial in software development, as they:

***Improve code readability:** Consistent style and formatting make code easier to read and understand, thereby enhancing developers' efficiency.
***Reduce errors:** By enforcing consistent naming conventions and code structures, the number of errors due to inconsistent naming or disorganized code can be minimized.
***Facilitate team collaboration:** When team members follow the same code style and formatting guidelines, collaboration becomes easier, as everyone can more easily understand and modify each other's code.
***Automate code reviews:** Code formatting tools can automate the code review process, improving code quality and reducing the time required for manual reviews.

# Establishing Code Style Guidelines

A code style is a set of rules for writing code, covering naming, structure, and formatting conventions. Establishing a unified code style is essential for enhancing code readability, maintainability, and scalability.

### 2.1 Naming Conventions

Naming conventions are the most important part of code style, dictating the rules for naming various elements in the code.

#### 2.1.1 Naming Rules for Variables and Functions

* Use lowercase letters and underscores (`_`) to separate words.
* Avoid using abbreviations or acronyms.
* Variable names should describe their content, and function names should describe their functionality.
* Examples: `user_name`, `get_user_data`.

#### 2.1.2 Naming Rules for Classes and Interfaces

* Class names should use UpperCamelCase, while interface names should use lowerCamelCase.
* Class names should describe the type of the class, and interface names should describe the function of the interface.
* Examples: `UserService`, `IUserRepository`.

### 2.2 Code Structure

Code structure refers to the organization of code, including indentation, alignment, and commenting conventions for code blocks.

#### 2.2.1 Indentation and Alignment for Code Blocks

* Use a consistent indentation style, with 2 or 4 spaces recommended.
* Code blocks should be left-aligned, with right alignment reserved for aligning multi-line code.
* Example:

def calculate_total(prices):
    total = 0
    for price in prices:
        total += price
    return total

#### 2.2.2 Commenting Conventions

* Comments should be clear and concise, describing the function or intention of the code.
* Use single-line comments (`//`) or multi-line comments (`/***/`).
* Place comments above or beside code blocks, avoiding打断code flow.
* Example:

# Calculate the sum of prices
def calculate_total(prices):
    total = 0
    for price in prices:
        total += price
    return total

# Code Formatting Tools

### 3.1 Introduction to Code Formatting Tools

Code formatting tools are automated tools that format code according to predefined rules and standards. They help developers maintain consistency in their code style, enhancing readability and maintainability.

Several popular code formatting tools are available in the industry, among the most commonly used are:

- **Prettier**: A code formatting tool for various languages, including JavaScript, TypeScript, C