"基于STC89C52单片机的循迹小车设计与实现"

Abstract This tracking car design is based on the popular 8-bit single-chip microcontroller as the brain of the system, with STC89C52 single-chip microcontroller as the control core. It controls the car in motion to achieve its predetermined performance objectives. A comprehensive analysis of our system shows that the key is to achieve automatic control of the car, and at this point, the advantages of the single-chip microcontroller are evident in its simple, convenient, and quick control. The 40-pin DIP package provides it with 32 fully IO (GPIO - General Purpose Input/Output) ports, through which signal input circuits are used to transmit signals from various sensors to the microcontroller for analysis and processing, thereby controlling the L293D motor drive to control the car. Infrared photoelectric sensors are used to detect black lines, and the level signals generated by the infrared photoelectric sensors in the tracking module return to the microcontroller to achieve the tracking function. The microcontroller makes corresponding judgments according to the program design requirements and sends them to the motor drive module, allowing the car to perform basic functions such as forward, left turn, right turn, and stop. Infrared sensors are integrated with photoelectric switches for obstacle avoidance. The circuit structure of the entire system is simple, with high reliability and performance. Analyze the hardware circuit based on the functions of each part of the car, and debug the circuit. Combine the successfully debugged modules one by one into a whole, and then proceed with software programming and debugging until completion. Keywords: tracking car, STC89C52, single-chip microcontroller, infrared photoelectric sensor, L293D motor drive.