欧洲标准EN300328V1.8.1：2012年蓝牙与WIFI射频测试

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"EN300328_V1.8.1：2012" EN300328是欧洲电信标准协会（ETSI）制定的一项电磁兼容性和无线电频谱事务（ERM）标准，专门针对在2.4GHz工业、科学和医疗（ISM）频段运行的宽频传输系统以及使用宽频调制技术的数据传输设备。这个标准的版本为V1.8.1，发布于2012年6月，它涵盖了欧盟无线电和电信终端设备指令（R&TTE Directive）第3.2条的基本要求，是欧洲的协调标准之一。该标准对于蓝牙和Wi-Fi等无线通信技术的射频测试至关重要，因为这些技术均在2.4GHz ISM频段内工作，并且通常采用宽频调制来提高数据传输效率和抗干扰能力。EN300328确保了这些设备在发射、接收和共存时符合欧洲的电磁兼容性（EMC）规定，以避免与其他设备之间的干扰，并确保网络性能和用户的安全。标准中的关键词包括数据、ISM、局域网（LAN）、移动通信、无线电、法规、扩频谱、短距离设备（SRD）、测试、传输和超高频（UHF）。这些关键词反映了标准涉及的多个技术领域和应用场景。 EN300328不仅定义了设备的射频性能要求，如发射功率、频率稳定度、占用带宽、杂散发射等，还规定了测试方法和程序，以确保设备在实际操作环境中能够符合标准。这对于制造商来说，意味着产品在进入欧洲市场前必须通过相应的测试和认证，以获取必要的市场准入许可。在进行EN300328测试时，实验室会评估设备的电磁辐射特性，包括辐射强度、频谱分布和功率谱密度等。同时，也会考虑设备在不同环境条件下的性能，例如在存在其他无线设备的情况下，如何保持稳定可靠的工作。这些测试对于保证无线设备在整个2.4GHz ISM频段内的互操作性和兼容性至关重要。此外，由于EN300328是协调标准，因此它提供了一个统一的技术框架，有助于消除欧洲各国之间的技术壁垒，促进产品在整个欧洲市场的流通。制造商可以参考这个标准来设计和优化他们的产品，以满足整个欧洲地区的合规要求。 EN300328_V1.8.1是蓝牙和Wi-Fi设备在欧洲市场成功上市的关键标准，它设定了设备射频性能的基准，促进了无线通信技术的健康发展和市场融合。对制造商而言，理解和遵循这一标准对于确保产品的质量和市场竞争力具有重要意义。

ETSI

ETSI EN 300 328 V1.8.1 (2012

06)

OATS Open Air Test Site

OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing

OOB Out Of Band

RBW Resolution BandWidth

RMS Root Mean Square

R&TTE Radio and Telecommunications Terminal Equipment

RF Radio Frequency

SAR Semi Anechoic Room

TL Threshold Level

Tx Transmitter

UUT Unit Under Test

VBW Video BandWidth

4 Technical specifications

4.1 Environmental profile

The technical requirements of the present document apply under the environmental profile for operation of the

equipment, which shall be stated by the supplier.

The equipment shall comply with all the technical requirements of the present document at all times when operating

within the boundary limits of the required operational environmental profile.

4.2 Equipment types

4.2.1 Modulation types

The present document defines two categories of Wide Band Data Transmission equipment:

• Equipment using Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS) modulation.

• Equipment using other types of wide band modulation (e.g. DSSS, OFDM, etc.).

All forms of wide band modulations, other than FHSS, are treated identically with regard to the requirements of the

present document.

The supplier shall declare which modulation type(s) applies to the equipment. See also clause 5.3.1.

4.2.2 Adaptive and non-adaptive equipment

The present document covers both adaptive and non-adaptive equipment.

Adaptive equipment uses an automatic mechanism which allows the equipment to adapt automatically to its

environment by identifying frequencies that are being used by other equipment.

Non-adaptive equipment does not use such an automatic mechanism and hence are subject to certain restrictions with

respect to using the medium (see clauses 4.3.1.5 and 4.3.2.4 for Medium Utilisation factor) in order to ensure sharing

with other equipment.

Adaptive equipment may have more than one adaptive mode implemented.

Adaptive equipment is allowed to operate in a non-adaptive mode.

The equipment shall comply with the corresponding requirements in each of the modes in which it can operate.

The supplier shall declare whether the equipment is adaptive equipment or non-adaptive equipment. In case of adaptive

equipment, the supplier shall declare if more than one adaptive mode is implemented and whether the equipment can

also operate in a non-adaptive mode. See also clause 5.3.1.

ETSI

ETSI EN 300 328 V1.8.1 (2012

06)

4.3 Technical requirements

4.3.1 Technical requirements for Frequency Hopping equipment

Equipment using FHSS modulation, and further referred to as Frequency Hopping equipment, shall comply with the

requirements in clauses 4.3.1.1 to 4.3.1.11.

For equipment using other forms of modulation, the requirements in clause 4.3.2 shall apply.

4.3.1.1 RF output power

This requirement applies to all types of Frequency Hopping equipment.

4.3.1.1.1 Definition

The RF output power is defined as the mean equivalent isotropically radiated power (e.i.r.p.) of the equipment during a

transmission burst.

4.3.1.1.2 Limit

The maximum RF output power for adaptive Frequency Hopping equipment shall be equal to or less than 20 dBm.

The maximum RF output power for non-adaptive Frequency Hopping equipment, shall be declared by the supplier. See

clause 5.3.1 m). The maximum RF output power for this equipment shall be equal to or less than the value declared by

the supplier. This declared value shall be equal to or less than 20 dBm.

This limit shall apply for any combination of power level and intended antenna assembly.

4.3.1.1.3 Conformance

The conformance tests for this requirement are (part of the procedure) defined in clause 5.3.2.

4.3.1.2 Duty Cycle, Tx-sequence, Tx-gap

These requirements apply to non-adaptive frequency hopping equipment or to adaptive frequency hopping equipment

operating in a non-adaptive mode.

These requirements do not apply for equipment with a maximum declared RF Output power of less than 10 dBm e.i.r.p.

or for equipment when operating in a mode where the RF Output power is less than 10 dBm e.i.r.p.

Medical devices requiring reverse compatibility with other medical devices placed on the market when earlier versions

of the present document were harmonised, are allowed to have an operating mode in which they do not have to comply

with the requirements for Duty Cycle, Tx-sequence and Tx-gap.

4.3.1.2.1 Definition

Duty Cycle is defined as the ratio of the total transmitter 'on'-time to an observation period. The observation period is

equal to the average dwell time multiplied by 100 or by 2 times the number of hopping frequencies (N) whichever is the

greater.

Tx-sequence is defined as a period in time during which a single or multiple transmissions may occur and which shall

be followed by a Tx-gap. These multiple transmissions within a single Tx-sequence may take place on the same

hopping frequency or on multiple hopping frequencies.

Tx-gap is defined as a period in time during which no transmissions occur.

NOTE: For non-adaptive frequency hopping equipment, the maximum Duty Cycle at which the equipment can

operate, is declared by the supplier. The equipment may have a dynamic behaviour with regard to duty

cycle and corresponding power level. See clause 5.3.1 e).

ETSI

ETSI EN 300 328 V1.8.1 (2012

06)

4.3.1.2.2 Limit

For non-adaptive FHSS equipment, the Duty Cycle shall be equal to or less than the maximum value declared by the

supplier. In addition, the maximum Tx-sequence time shall be 5 ms while the minimum Tx-gap time shall be 5 ms.

4.3.1.2.3 Conformance

The conformance tests for this requirement are (part of the procedure) defined in clause 5.3.2.

4.3.1.3 Dwell time, Minimum Frequency Occupation and Hopping Sequence

These requirements apply to all types of frequency hopping equipment.

4.3.1.3.1 Definition

The Dwell Time is the time that a particular hopping frequency would be occupied by the transmitter during a single

hop. The equipment itself is not required to transmit on this hopping frequency during the Dwell Time.

The Minimum Frequency Occupation Time is the minimum time each hopping frequency shall be occupied within a

given period.

The Hopping Sequence of a Frequency Hopping system is the unrepeated pattern of the hopping frequencies used by

the equipment.

4.3.1.3.2 Limit

4.3.1.3.2.1 Non-adaptive frequency hopping systems

The accumulated Dwell Time on any hopping frequency shall not be greater than 15 ms within any period of 15 ms

multiplied by the minimum number of hopping frequencies (N) that have to be used. Non-adaptive medical devices

requiring reverse compatibility with other medical devices placed on the market when earlier versions of the present

document were harmonised, are allowed to have an operating mode in which the maximum dwell time is 400 ms.

The hopping sequence(s) shall contain at least N hopping frequencies where N is 15 or 15 divided by the minimum

Hopping Frequency Separation in MHz, whichever is the greater.

The Minimum Frequency Occupation Time shall be equal to one dwell time within a period not exceeding four times

the product of the dwell time per hop and the number of hopping frequencies in use.

4.3.1.3.2.2 Adaptive frequency hopping systems

Adaptive Frequency Hopping systems shall be capable of operating over a minimum of 70 % of the band specified in

clause 1.

The maximum accumulated dwell time on any hopping frequency shall be 400 ms within any period of 400 ms

multiplied by the minimum number of hopping frequencies (N) that have to be used.

The hopping sequence(s) shall contain at least N hopping frequencies at all times, where N is 15 or 15 divided by the

minimum Hopping Frequency Separation in MHz, whichever is the greater.

The Minimum Frequency Occupation Time shall be equal to one dwell time within a period not exceeding four times

the product of the dwell time per hop and the number of hopping frequencies in use.

4.3.1.3.3 Other Requirements

Frequency Hopping equipment shall transmit on a minimum of two hopping frequencies.

For non-Adaptive Frequency Hopping equipment, when not transmitting on a hopping frequency, the equipment has to

occupy that frequency for the duration of the typical dwell time.

For Adaptive Frequency Hopping systems using LBT based DAA, if a signal is detected during the CCA, these systems

may jump immediately to the next frequency in the hopping sequence (see clause 4.3.1.6.1.2 point 2) provided the limit

for maximum dwell is respected.

ETSI

ETSI EN 300 328 V1.8.1 (2012

06)

4.3.1.3.4 Conformance

The conformance tests for this requirement are defined in clause 5.3.4.

4.3.1.4 Hopping Frequency Separation

This requirement applies to all types of frequency hopping equipment.

4.3.1.4.1 Definition

The Hopping Frequency Separation is the frequency separation between 2 adjacent hopping frequencies.

4.3.1.4.2 Limit

4.3.1.4.2.1 Non-adaptive frequency hopping systems

The minimum Hopping Frequency Separation shall be equal to Occupied Channel Bandwidth (see clause 4.3.1.7) of a

single hop, with a minimum separation of 100 kHz.

4.3.1.4.2.2 Adaptive frequency hopping systems

The minimum Hopping Frequency Separation shall be 100 kHz.

4.3.1.4.3 Conformance

The conformance tests for this requirement are defined in clause 5.3.5.

4.3.1.5 Medium Utilisation (MU) factor

This requirement does not apply to adaptive equipment unless operating in a non-adaptive mode.

In addition, this requirement does not apply for equipment with a maximum declared RF Output power level of less

than 10 dBm e.i.r.p. or for equipment when operating in a mode where the RF Output power is less than 10 dBm e.i.r.p.

Medical devices requiring reverse compatibility with other medical devices placed on the market when earlier versions

of the present document were harmonised, are allowed to have an operating mode in which they have a Medium

Utilisation above the limit defined in clause 4.3.1.5.2.

4.3.1.5.1 Definition

The Medium Utilisation (MU) factor is a measure to quantify the amount of resources (Power and Time) used by

non-adaptive equipment. The Medium Utilisation factor is defined by the formula:

MU = (P/100 mW) × DC

where: MU is Medium Utilisation factor in %.

P is the RF output power as defined in clause 4.3.1.1.1 expressed in mW.

DC is the Duty Cycle as defined in clause 4.3.1.2.1 expressed in %.

NOTE: The equipment may have dynamic behaviour with regard to duty cycle and corresponding power level.

See clause 5.3.1 e).

4.3.1.5.2 Limit

The maximum Medium Utilisation factor for non-adaptive Frequency Hopping equipment shall be 10 %.

4.3.1.5.3 Conformance

The conformance tests for this requirement are (part of the procedure) defined in clause 5.3.2.

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