ETSI 300328v1.8.1：2.4GHz ISM频段宽频传输设备的电磁兼容标准

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"ETSI EN 300328v1.8.1是欧洲电信标准协会（ETSI）发布的一项电磁兼容性和无线电频谱事务（ERM）标准，专门针对在2.4 GHz工业、科学和医疗（ISM）频段运行的宽频传输系统，特别是使用宽频调制技术的数据传输设备。该标准符合R&TTE指令中的基本要求，即第3.2条。" 此标准详细规定了2.4 GHz ISM频段内数据传输设备的电磁兼容性（EMC）要求和无线频谱使用规则。ISB频段通常用于无线局域网（WLAN）、移动通信和其他短距离无线设备（SRD）。在这一频段内，设备必须满足特定的发射功率、频率稳定度、杂散发射和接收灵敏度等指标，以确保它们能在共享的频谱资源中互不干扰地工作。 ETSI EN 300328v1.8.1包含了测试和验证这些设备合规性的方法，如辐射发射和抗扰度测试，这些都是确保设备在实际环境中能正常运行和与其它设备共存的关键。其中涉及的技术包括扩频技术，这种技术可以提高信号的抗干扰能力和保密性，但同时也需要精确控制以避免对其他频段的干扰。该标准还涵盖了设备的移动性、数据传输性能以及相关法规要求。例如，设备必须遵守各个国家和地区的无线电频率使用规定，并且可能需要通过特定的认证流程才能在市场上销售和使用。关键词包括数据传输、ISM频段、局域网、移动通信、无线电、法规、扩频、SRD（短距离设备）测试、传输和UHF（超高频）。对于制造商而言，遵循ETSI EN 300328v1.8.1标准是确保其产品符合欧洲市场准入要求的重要步骤。此外，标准的更新版本（如v1.8.1）可能引入新的要求或修正，因此保持对最新版本的跟踪至关重要。标准的电子版可以在ETSI的官方网站上免费下载，但如有争议，应以PDF格式的印刷版作为最终参考依据。对于需要深入理解和实施此标准的工程师和企业，理解并严格遵守其规定是产品设计、开发和认证过程中的关键环节。

ETSI

ETSI EN 300 328 V1.8.1 (2012

06)

OATS Open Air Test Site

OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing

OOB Out Of Band

RBW Resolution BandWidth

RMS Root Mean Square

R&TTE Radio and Telecommunications Terminal Equipment

RF Radio Frequency

SAR Semi Anechoic Room

TL Threshold Level

Tx Transmitter

UUT Unit Under Test

VBW Video BandWidth

4 Technical specifications

4.1 Environmental profile

The technical requirements of the present document apply under the environmental profile for operation of the

equipment, which shall be stated by the supplier.

The equipment shall comply with all the technical requirements of the present document at all times when operating

within the boundary limits of the required operational environmental profile.

4.2 Equipment types

4.2.1 Modulation types

The present document defines two categories of Wide Band Data Transmission equipment:

• Equipment using Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS) modulation.

• Equipment using other types of wide band modulation (e.g. DSSS, OFDM, etc.).

All forms of wide band modulations, other than FHSS, are treated identically with regard to the requirements of the

present document.

The supplier shall declare which modulation type(s) applies to the equipment. See also clause 5.3.1.

4.2.2 Adaptive and non-adaptive equipment

The present document covers both adaptive and non-adaptive equipment.

Adaptive equipment uses an automatic mechanism which allows the equipment to adapt automatically to its

environment by identifying frequencies that are being used by other equipment.

Non-adaptive equipment does not use such an automatic mechanism and hence are subject to certain restrictions with

respect to using the medium (see clauses 4.3.1.5 and 4.3.2.4 for Medium Utilisation factor) in order to ensure sharing

with other equipment.

Adaptive equipment may have more than one adaptive mode implemented.

Adaptive equipment is allowed to operate in a non-adaptive mode.

The equipment shall comply with the corresponding requirements in each of the modes in which it can operate.

The supplier shall declare whether the equipment is adaptive equipment or non-adaptive equipment. In case of adaptive

equipment, the supplier shall declare if more than one adaptive mode is implemented and whether the equipment can

also operate in a non-adaptive mode. See also clause 5.3.1.

ETSI

ETSI EN 300 328 V1.8.1 (2012

06)

4.3 Technical requirements

4.3.1 Technical requirements for Frequency Hopping equipment

Equipment using FHSS modulation, and further referred to as Frequency Hopping equipment, shall comply with the

requirements in clauses 4.3.1.1 to 4.3.1.11.

For equipment using other forms of modulation, the requirements in clause 4.3.2 shall apply.

4.3.1.1 RF output power

This requirement applies to all types of Frequency Hopping equipment.

4.3.1.1.1 Definition

The RF output power is defined as the mean equivalent isotropically radiated power (e.i.r.p.) of the equipment during a

transmission burst.

4.3.1.1.2 Limit

The maximum RF output power for adaptive Frequency Hopping equipment shall be equal to or less than 20 dBm.

The maximum RF output power for non-adaptive Frequency Hopping equipment, shall be declared by the supplier. See

clause 5.3.1 m). The maximum RF output power for this equipment shall be equal to or less than the value declared by

the supplier. This declared value shall be equal to or less than 20 dBm.

This limit shall apply for any combination of power level and intended antenna assembly.

4.3.1.1.3 Conformance

The conformance tests for this requirement are (part of the procedure) defined in clause 5.3.2.

4.3.1.2 Duty Cycle, Tx-sequence, Tx-gap

These requirements apply to non-adaptive frequency hopping equipment or to adaptive frequency hopping equipment

operating in a non-adaptive mode.

These requirements do not apply for equipment with a maximum declared RF Output power of less than 10 dBm e.i.r.p.

or for equipment when operating in a mode where the RF Output power is less than 10 dBm e.i.r.p.

Medical devices requiring reverse compatibility with other medical devices placed on the market when earlier versions

of the present document were harmonised, are allowed to have an operating mode in which they do not have to comply

with the requirements for Duty Cycle, Tx-sequence and Tx-gap.

4.3.1.2.1 Definition

Duty Cycle is defined as the ratio of the total transmitter 'on'-time to an observation period. The observation period is

equal to the average dwell time multiplied by 100 or by 2 times the number of hopping frequencies (N) whichever is the

greater.

Tx-sequence is defined as a period in time during which a single or multiple transmissions may occur and which shall

be followed by a Tx-gap. These multiple transmissions within a single Tx-sequence may take place on the same

hopping frequency or on multiple hopping frequencies.

Tx-gap is defined as a period in time during which no transmissions occur.

NOTE: For non-adaptive frequency hopping equipment, the maximum Duty Cycle at which the equipment can

operate, is declared by the supplier. The equipment may have a dynamic behaviour with regard to duty

cycle and corresponding power level. See clause 5.3.1 e).

ETSI

ETSI EN 300 328 V1.8.1 (2012

06)

4.3.1.2.2 Limit

For non-adaptive FHSS equipment, the Duty Cycle shall be equal to or less than the maximum value declared by the

supplier. In addition, the maximum Tx-sequence time shall be 5 ms while the minimum Tx-gap time shall be 5 ms.

4.3.1.2.3 Conformance

The conformance tests for this requirement are (part of the procedure) defined in clause 5.3.2.

4.3.1.3 Dwell time, Minimum Frequency Occupation and Hopping Sequence

These requirements apply to all types of frequency hopping equipment.

4.3.1.3.1 Definition

The Dwell Time is the time that a particular hopping frequency would be occupied by the transmitter during a single

hop. The equipment itself is not required to transmit on this hopping frequency during the Dwell Time.

The Minimum Frequency Occupation Time is the minimum time each hopping frequency shall be occupied within a

given period.

The Hopping Sequence of a Frequency Hopping system is the unrepeated pattern of the hopping frequencies used by

the equipment.

4.3.1.3.2 Limit

4.3.1.3.2.1 Non-adaptive frequency hopping systems

The accumulated Dwell Time on any hopping frequency shall not be greater than 15 ms within any period of 15 ms

multiplied by the minimum number of hopping frequencies (N) that have to be used. Non-adaptive medical devices

requiring reverse compatibility with other medical devices placed on the market when earlier versions of the present

document were harmonised, are allowed to have an operating mode in which the maximum dwell time is 400 ms.

The hopping sequence(s) shall contain at least N hopping frequencies where N is 15 or 15 divided by the minimum

Hopping Frequency Separation in MHz, whichever is the greater.

The Minimum Frequency Occupation Time shall be equal to one dwell time within a period not exceeding four times

the product of the dwell time per hop and the number of hopping frequencies in use.

4.3.1.3.2.2 Adaptive frequency hopping systems

Adaptive Frequency Hopping systems shall be capable of operating over a minimum of 70 % of the band specified in

clause 1.

The maximum accumulated dwell time on any hopping frequency shall be 400 ms within any period of 400 ms

multiplied by the minimum number of hopping frequencies (N) that have to be used.

The hopping sequence(s) shall contain at least N hopping frequencies at all times, where N is 15 or 15 divided by the

minimum Hopping Frequency Separation in MHz, whichever is the greater.

The Minimum Frequency Occupation Time shall be equal to one dwell time within a period not exceeding four times

the product of the dwell time per hop and the number of hopping frequencies in use.

4.3.1.3.3 Other Requirements

Frequency Hopping equipment shall transmit on a minimum of two hopping frequencies.

For non-Adaptive Frequency Hopping equipment, when not transmitting on a hopping frequency, the equipment has to

occupy that frequency for the duration of the typical dwell time.

For Adaptive Frequency Hopping systems using LBT based DAA, if a signal is detected during the CCA, these systems

may jump immediately to the next frequency in the hopping sequence (see clause 4.3.1.6.1.2 point 2) provided the limit

for maximum dwell is respected.

ETSI

ETSI EN 300 328 V1.8.1 (2012

06)

4.3.1.3.4 Conformance

The conformance tests for this requirement are defined in clause 5.3.4.

4.3.1.4 Hopping Frequency Separation

This requirement applies to all types of frequency hopping equipment.

4.3.1.4.1 Definition

The Hopping Frequency Separation is the frequency separation between 2 adjacent hopping frequencies.

4.3.1.4.2 Limit

4.3.1.4.2.1 Non-adaptive frequency hopping systems

The minimum Hopping Frequency Separation shall be equal to Occupied Channel Bandwidth (see clause 4.3.1.7) of a

single hop, with a minimum separation of 100 kHz.

4.3.1.4.2.2 Adaptive frequency hopping systems

The minimum Hopping Frequency Separation shall be 100 kHz.

4.3.1.4.3 Conformance

The conformance tests for this requirement are defined in clause 5.3.5.

4.3.1.5 Medium Utilisation (MU) factor

This requirement does not apply to adaptive equipment unless operating in a non-adaptive mode.

In addition, this requirement does not apply for equipment with a maximum declared RF Output power level of less

than 10 dBm e.i.r.p. or for equipment when operating in a mode where the RF Output power is less than 10 dBm e.i.r.p.

Medical devices requiring reverse compatibility with other medical devices placed on the market when earlier versions

of the present document were harmonised, are allowed to have an operating mode in which they have a Medium

Utilisation above the limit defined in clause 4.3.1.5.2.

4.3.1.5.1 Definition

The Medium Utilisation (MU) factor is a measure to quantify the amount of resources (Power and Time) used by

non-adaptive equipment. The Medium Utilisation factor is defined by the formula:

MU = (P/100 mW) × DC

where: MU is Medium Utilisation factor in %.

P is the RF output power as defined in clause 4.3.1.1.1 expressed in mW.

DC is the Duty Cycle as defined in clause 4.3.1.2.1 expressed in %.

NOTE: The equipment may have dynamic behaviour with regard to duty cycle and corresponding power level.

See clause 5.3.1 e).

4.3.1.5.2 Limit

The maximum Medium Utilisation factor for non-adaptive Frequency Hopping equipment shall be 10 %.

4.3.1.5.3 Conformance

The conformance tests for this requirement are (part of the procedure) defined in clause 5.3.2.

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