四态调制下的相位调制器增益漂移追踪系统

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"追踪算法在闭环光学电压传感器中相位调制器增益的应用" 文章标题 "Tracking algorithm for the gain of the phase modulator in closed-loop optical voltage sensors" 指出，研究关注的是如何处理光学电压传感器中由温度波动引起的相位调制器增益漂移问题。该问题对传感器的精度和标度因子有显著影响。作者们提出了一种基于四状态调制的相位调制器增益漂移追踪系统，旨在显著提升光学电压传感器的性能。在描述中，研究分析了主要闭环误差对光学电压传感器追踪系统的影响。闭环误差是影响传感器性能的关键因素，尤其是在考虑温度变化导致的相位调制器增益不稳定时。通过深入研究这些误差，可以更好地理解和优化追踪算法，以减少不确定性参数的影响，提高测量的准确性和稳定性。关键词 "Optical voltage sensor" 涉及的是利用光信号来检测电压的设备，这种传感器在高精度测量中具有重要作用。"Temperature fluctuation" 强调了温度变化是导致性能下降的主要环境因素，因为温度变化会改变光学器件的物理特性，包括相位调制器的增益。"Phase modulator" 是光学系统中的关键组件，用于根据输入信号改变光波的相位，这种改变可用于编码信息或在本例中，用于电压测量。文章的部分内容提到了文章的历史，包括提交、修订和接受日期，以及文章的可用在线时间。这表明研究经过了同行评审的过程，并最终在2012年10月12日对外发布。这篇文章的核心贡献在于提供了一种新的追踪算法，通过四状态调制技术来跟踪并补偿因温度波动引起的相位调制器增益变化，从而提高闭环光学电压传感器的精度和稳定性。该研究对于理解和改善这类传感器在实际应用中的性能具有重要意义，特别是在需要高精度电压测量的领域，如电力系统监控、科学研究和工业自动化。通过减少由于温度变化导致的不确定性，该方法有望提升光学电压传感器的可靠性和整体测量质量。

Tracking algorithm for the gain of the phase modulator in closed-l oop optical

voltage sensors

Li Hui, Bi Lan

, Li Lijing, Hu Shuling, Feng Xiujuan, Zhang Chunxi

Science and Technology on Inertial Laboratory, School of Instrumentation Science and Opto-electronics Engineering, Beihang University, XueYuan Road No. 37, HaiDian District,

Beijing 100191, China

article info

Article history:

Received 4 May 2012

Received in revised form

25 July 2012

Accepted 24 August 2012

Available online 12 October 2012

Keywords:

Optical voltage sensor

Temperature ﬂuctuation

Phase modulator

abstract

The accuracy and scale factor of the optical voltage sen sor are considerably affected by the gain drift of

the phase modulator induced by temperature ﬂuctuation. In this paper, we present a tracking system

for the gain drift of the phase modulator based on four-state modulation which provides a signiﬁcant

improvement in the performance of the optical voltage sensor. We analyze the inﬂuence of the main

closed-loop error of optical voltage sensor on the tracking system. The analysis results indicate that the

main closed-loop error causes uncertain parameter and external disturbance for the tracking system.

Then the model of the tracking system for the gain of the phase modulator is transformed into a

dynamic system with uncertainty and stochastic disturbance by substitution of variable. The tracking

system is accurately designed considering the main closed-loop error. To insure the tracking system

achieves good transient performance, the closed-loop poles of the tracking system are constrained to

locate in a desired circular region, while the gain error is mean-square exponentially stable via the

robust control. The experiments show that the tracking system realizes precise compensation for the

gain drift of the phase modulator.

1. Introduction

Optical voltage sensors (OVSs) have been widely applied to

electrical power transmission and distribution systems with its

high accuracy, wide dynamic range, immunity to electro-magnetic

interference and inherent safety [1–3]. These advantages offer an

attractive alternative to conventional voltage sensors in high-

voltage transmission networks [4]. In recent decades, considerable

research efforts have been focused on the OVS based on Pockels

effect, because it is a precise and reliable method of voltage sensing

with wideband frequency response [5,6]. Although commercial

voltage sensors based on Pockels effect have been emerged, there

are still some problems in practice [7], especially the effect of the

temperature on the sensor. OVSs based on Pockels effect demand

an open optics approach with lenses and polarizing ﬁlters due to

the utilizing of bulk Pockels crystals, so they are vulnerable to

signal intensity ﬂuctuations as well as environmental distortions,

e.g., temperature change and vibration [1]. Lee has developed a

compensation method to eliminate the effect of birefringence

induced by environmental perturbations to improve the stability

of the sensor [8]. This scheme has been successfully applied to the

OVS based on Pockels effect, but the method makes the fabrication

complicated [9,10]. The automatic temperature control system and

high precision driven circuit have been adapted to light source of

the OVS to improve the stability of light power and center

wavelength [11,12]. However, the light power ﬂuctuation and

wavelength drift have not been thoroughly eliminated by this way.

Recently, the closed-loop signal processing technology adopted

from ﬁber gyroscope has been employed to OVSs to overcome these

limit at ion s [13–16]. Zhang et al. proposes a quasi-reciprocal reﬂec-

tive optical circuit for OVS based on closed-loop signal processing

[16]. The reciprocal conﬁguration makes the sensor largely reject to

environmental perturbation. Meanwhile, the closed-loop signal

processing improves the dynamic range of the OVS and its immunity

to the ﬂuctuation of light intensity. However, the gain of the phase

modulator is subjected to temperature ﬂuctuation, which directly

affects the scale factor stability and linearity of the OVS. So it is of

great signiﬁcance to compensate the gain drift of the phase

modulator induced by temperature ﬂuctuation.

To solve this problem, the sensor based on a double feedback

loop technique with square wave biasing modulation is proposed,

where the main closed-loop is utilized to obtain the applied

voltage and the second closed-loop is introduced to control the

voltage reset of the feedback ramp so that the gain drift of the

phase modulator is compensated [17]. But this method is less

efﬁcient at low input voltage due to the long reset time. To avoid

Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect

journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/optlastec

Optics & Laser Technology

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optlastec.2012.08.027

Corresponding author. Tel.: þ 8 6 010 82316547 816; fax: þ86 010 82316547 855.

E-mail address: bilan0508@yahoo.com.cn (B. Lan).

Optics & Laser Technology 47 (2013) 214–220

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