力辅助机器人细胞微注射技术综述

需积分: 10 154 浏览量更新于2024-07-17 收藏 1.79MB PDF 举报

"这篇论文是关于力辅助机器人细胞微注射技术的研究综述，主要探讨了在遗传学、转基因、分子生物学、药物发现、生殖研究等生物医学领域中细胞注射的重要性。与手动细胞微注射和仅位置反馈的机器人细胞微注射相比，力辅助的机器人细胞微注射可以提高细胞注射的成功率和存活率。文中回顾了附着细胞和悬浮细胞的微注射技术的最新进展，特别强调了力传感器在机器人细胞注射系统中的作用，并讨论了五种常见的力感测方法及其在细胞微注射中的应用。此外，还提出了自动化细胞微注射过程中面临的挑战及潜在的解决方案。" 本文是IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering期刊上即将发表的一篇研究文章，作者是Wei Yuzhang和Xu Qingsong，他们都是IEEE的资深会员。文章的中心议题是力辅助的机器人细胞微注射技术，它在生物医学研究中具有重要意义，特别是在基因操作、转基因研究、分子生物学实验、药物筛选以及繁殖研究等领域。传统的手动细胞微注射和仅依赖位置反馈的机器人注射可能存在效率和精度问题，而力辅助的机器人技术则能显著提升注射成功率和细胞存活率。通过集成微力感应技术，可以更精确地控制注射过程，避免对细胞造成过度伤害。文章详细回顾了附着细胞和悬浮细胞的微注射技术，这些技术通常需要精细的操作和高度的精确度。其中，力传感器在机器人细胞注射系统中的作用不可忽视，它们能够实时监测和控制注射力度，确保注射过程的温和性和准确性。文章列举并分析了五种主流的力感测方法，这些方法可能包括压电传感器、光纤传感器、应变片、微型力矩计和基于光学干涉的力测量技术，并讨论了它们在细胞微注射中的具体应用实例。此外，作者还讨论了自动化细胞微注射过程中所面临的挑战，如细胞的复杂性、注射器的微小尺寸、系统的实时响应能力等。为了克服这些挑战，他们提出了一些有前景的解决方案，可能包括改进传感器设计、优化控制算法、开发新型注射工具和实现更高级别的系统集成。这篇综述文章提供了力辅助机器人细胞微注射技术的全面视角，对于理解这一领域的最新进展和技术瓶颈具有重要价值，同时也为未来的研究和技术创新指明了方向。

This article has been accepted for inclusion in a future issue of this journal. Content is final as presented, with the exception of pagination.

WEI AND XU: SURVEY OF FORCE-ASSISTED ROBOTIC CELL MICROINJECTION TECHNOLOGIES 3

Fig. 2. Semiautomated adherent cell injection system (AIS 2),

which is

composed of microscope, motorized stage and micromanipulator, pressure

microinjector, and video camera system.

control, this injection system can achieve a high success rate

of injection. The software controls the precise injection process

and enables fast axial injection at a rate of up to 1500 cells/h.

In addition, retrieving injected cells and multiple injections

into the same cell are also achieved with this system [35].

Although some systems have already partially automated

the process, all the devices currently need extensive manual

work. Because of the participation of the operator, the quantity

of cells that can be injected in a prescribed time is limited.

This can be an issue when a plenty of cells have to be

injected or when microinjection is used to produce stable

transfected cell lines. Moreover, the skills of the operator have

a huge effect on the success rate. Another disadvantage is

the lack of method to diagnose the condition of micropipette,

such as clogging and small breakages. The drawbacks of the

individual devices result in low throughput, low success rate,

and decreased reliability of the results [9], [16].

Some researchers have devoted to improve the degree

of automation and success rate by adding force sen-

sor. For instance, Kallio and Kuncova-Kallio [16] and

Lukkari and Kallio et al. [36] have developed an impedance

sensor to detect the contact between the cell and inject

micropipette, a broken micropipette, a clogged micropipette,

an aged measurement electrode, and faulty injection solution,

as shown in Fig. 3(a). Meister et al. [37] used atomic force

microscopy (AFM) to achieve force-controlled injection of

adherent cells. Desmaele et al. [4] developed a force sensor

with planar structure to sense out-of-plane forces, and living

cells can be placed on the planar sensor, as shown in Fig. 3(b).

To conclude, the development of an automated robotic cell

injection system for single adherent cell is a very challenging

work. First, the uncertainties caused by biology require the

cell injection system with sufﬁcient robustness. In addition,

each type of cell has its own properties and the state of cell

population changes over time, which increases the difﬁculty

for successful cultivation, detection, and injection of adherent

cells [16].

III. M

ICROINJECTION OF SUSPENDED CELLS

In a cell microinjection study, there are three popular sus-

pended cells in use, i.e., drosophila embryo, zebraﬁsh oocytes,

http://www.ais2.com/

Fig. 3. Force sensors for adherent cell injection. (a) Impedance

sensor [16], [36]. (b) Planar force sensor [4].

and mouse oocytes. The technical details of suspended-cell

injection are presented in this section.

A. Requirement of Suspended-Cell Injection

Because of the freedom of movement of suspended cells

in the nutrient solution, the suspended cells need to be ﬁxed

by additional equipment, such as a holding pipette or other

holding devices. This makes the injection procedure more

complicated and time-consuming. Moreover, the collision

between cells and manipulation instruments, or the motion

of cells themselves, can easily result in the failure of this

procedure. For instance, during the spermatozoon injection

into mouse embryos for vitro fertilization, the sharp and

extremely ﬁne injection pipette and mouse embryos (about

98 µm in diameter) are very easy to be damaged [38].

Even though there is a tough requirement on suspended-cell

injection, the majority of the operations have been performed

manually [35]. However, the manual method features low

efﬁcient, low repeatability, and low throughput, which cannot

meet the need for testing genetic materials when multiple

injection operations should be done in a certain time. On the

contrary, the robotic cell injection system can realize the

successful injection of suspended cells with high accuracy

and repeatability [39]. Therefore, the development of robotic

systems for suspended-cell injection has been the focus of lots

of research groups.

B. Robotic Microinjection System for Suspended Cells

Currently, some semiautomated or teleoperated robotic

injection systems for suspended cells are commercially avail-

able, such as the products supplied by Eppendorf

and

Narishige and Cellbiology Trading.

However, these products

need greatly skilled operators to carry out suspended-cell

injection. In the literature, Li et al. [40] have presented

a representative automated suspended-cell injection system,

as sketched in Fig. 4. The process of the automated

http://www.eppendorf.com

http://www.narishige-group.com/

剩余14页未读，继续阅读

JieLING

粉丝: 0
资源: 1

力辅助机器人细胞微注射技术综述

OpenAI-2021-ChatGPT - Browser-assisted question-answering with

OpenAI-2021-WebGPT - Browser-assisted question-answering

transforming-ris-assisted-passive-beamforming

消毒机器人的路径规划国内外研究现状的相关文献

Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach for UAV-Assisted Mobile Edge Computing Networks

realisticVision

AI-Assisted Low Information Latency Wireless Networking

写一份IT职业找工作简历，要求中文和英文

最新资源