Windows 8详解：专为IT专业人士打造的操作系统概览

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《Windows 8：面向IT专业人士的概述》是由Jerry Honeycutt撰写的微软官方出版物，全面深入地介绍了Windows 8这一操作系统。本书专为技术专业人士设计，旨在帮助他们理解和掌握Windows 8的新特性和功能，以便于在企业环境中有效地管理和优化。 Windows 8是微软在2012年推出的一款革命性的操作系统，其核心特点包括全新的用户界面（User Interface, UI），引入了名为" metro"的设计语言，强调触摸友好性和平板电脑优化。它采用了混合式启动体验，用户可以在桌面模式和metro应用之间无缝切换，提高了设备的灵活性和生产力。对于IT专业人士来说，本书将涵盖以下知识点： 1. **Windows 8架构**：书中会详细解析Windows 8的底层架构，包括Windows Store的应用管理、安全机制和性能优化策略。 2. **新用户界面**：重点介绍开始屏幕（Start Screen）的功能，如动态磁贴（Live Tiles）以及它们如何与传统的开始菜单和任务栏相结合。 3. **触摸和手势操作**：探讨如何通过触摸输入来高效地操作Windows 8，以及针对不同设备（如笔记本、平板和可变形设备）的优化。 4. **Windows 8管理和部署**：涵盖了系统部署、更新管理、网络设置、域支持以及与旧版Windows的兼容性问题。 5. **安全性**：讨论Windows 8的安全特性，包括BitLocker全盘加密、Windows Defender和Enterprise Mobility Suite等。 6. **云服务集成**：介绍Windows 8如何与Azure Active Directory、OneDrive等云服务紧密集成，方便企业数据管理和协作。 7. **开发与部署解决方案**：为开发者提供开发WinRT应用（Universal Windows Platform, UWP）的指导，以及如何部署这些应用到企业环境中。 8. **案例研究与最佳实践**：书中可能包含实际案例，展示如何在不同行业和场景中成功应用Windows 8，分享经验教训。 9. **未来趋势与挑战**：对Windows 8后续版本的展望，以及IT专业人士如何应对可能出现的技术变革和市场变化。《Windows 8：面向IT专业人士的概述》是一本实用的参考书，提供了丰富的技术细节和战略视角，帮助IT专业人士更好地理解和适应Windows 8，推动企业的数字化转型。

4 Chapter 1 Overview

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Measured boot On Trusted Platform Module (TPM)–based systems, Windows 8 can

perform a comprehensive chain of measurements during the boot process that can be

used to further validate the boot process beyond Trusted boot. Measured boot process

enables all aspects of the boot process to be measured, signed, and stored in a TPM chip.

This information can be evaluated by a remote service to further validate a computer’s

integrity before granting it access to resources. This process is called Remote Attestation.

■

BitLocker Drive Encryption BitLocker Drive Encryption is a data protection feature

in Windows 8 Pro and Windows 8 Enterprise editions that helps protect data theft from

lost, stolen, or inappropriately decommissioned computers. BitLocker now encrypts

hard drives more quickly, helping to keep data safe without signicantly interrupting

worker productivity.

BitLocker now supports encrypted drives, which are hard drives that come

pre-encrypted from the manufacturer. BitLocker ofoads the cryptographic operations

to hardware, increasing overall encryption performance and decreasing CPU and

power consumption.

On devices without hardware encryption, Bitlocker encrypts data more quickly.

BitLocker allows you to choose to encrypt the used space on a disk instead of the

entire disk. As free space is used, it will be encrypted. This results in a faster, less

disruptive encryption of a hard drive, so that enterprises can more easily provision

BitLocker, and they can do it with little time impact. In addition, the user experience is

improved by allowing a standard user, one without administrative privileges, to reset

the BitLocker PIN.

■

AppLocker AppLocker is a simple and exible mechanism that allows you to

specify exactly which apps are allowed to run on users’ PCs. Traditional access control

technologies such as Active Directory Rights Management Services and Access

Control Lists (ACLs) help control the data users are allowed to access. However, these

technologies can’t prevent users from installing or using non-standard software. In

Windows 8 Enterprise editions, AppLocker enables you to create security policies

through Group Policy to prevent potentially harmful or other non-approved apps from

running. With AppLocker, you can set rules based on a number of properties, including

the signature of the application’s package or the app’s package installer, and can more

effectively control apps with less management.

■

Windows SmartScreen Windows SmartScreen app reputation is a safety feature

in Windows 8. This service provides application reputation-based technologies to

help protect users from malicious software that they may encounter on the Internet.

This technology checks the reputation on any new application, helping to keep users

safe no matter what browser they use in Windows 8. This helps to prevent malware

and other viruses from inltrating your organization. The Windows SmartScreen app

reputation feature works with the SmartScreen feature in Internet Explorer, which

also protects users from websites seeking to acquire personal information such as

usernames, passwords, and billing data.

What’s new for Windows 8? Chapter 1 5

■

Claim-based access control Claim-based access control enables you to set up and

manage usage policies for les, folders, and shared resources.

With Windows 8, you can dynamically allow users access to the data they need based

on the user’s role in the company. Unlike previous statically-controlled security groups,

Claim-based access control allows you to dynamically control access to corporate

resources based on the user and device properties that are stored in Active Directory.

For example, a policy can be created that enables individuals in the nance group to

have access to specic budget and forecast data, and the human resources group to

have access to personnel les.

Chapter 9, “Windows 8 security,” provides more information about these security features.

Manageability and virtualization

The following list describes some of the new manageability and virtualization features in

Windows 8:

■

Client Hyper-V Client Hyper-V on Windows 8 Pro and Windows 8 Enterprise is

a robust virtualization platform that enables IT Pros and developers to run diverse

client and server environments on their Windows 8 PCs. You can test and manage

multiple environments from a single PC, allowing you to evaluate changes in a test

environment in advance of deploying to a production environment. With support for

wireless networking and sleep and hibernate modes, Client Hyper-V can run on any

Second Level Address Translation (SLAT)–enabled 64-bit PC, including most Intel- and

AMD-based laptops. Virtual Machines (VMs) can be migrated easily between server

and Client Hyper-V without modication, making developers and IT pros more

efcient. Client Hyper-V also supports both 32-bit and 64-bit guest operating

systems. Client Hyper-V leverages the security enhancements in Windows 8 and can

be managed easily by existing IT tools such as System Center. For more information

about Client Hyper-V, see Chapter 11, “Windows 8 virtualization.”

■

Windows PowerShell Management tasks are simplied with Windows PowerShell

automation. Windows PowerShell provides easy-to-learn language syntax. New

features in the Windows PowerShell Integrated Scripting Environment (ISE) make it

easier and faster for both new and experienced users to author clear, maintainable,

production-ready automation scripts. IntelliSense tap completion, snippets, and

GUI-based search features provide improved cmdlet discovery, making it easier

to nd and run any of the 1,200 new high-level, task-oriented cmdlets. For more

information about Windows PowerShell, see Chapter 8, “ Windows 8 management.”

■

Testing, deployment, and migration Deploying Windows 8 in your

organization is faster and easier than Windows 7. Enhanced tools help you

make the right decisions with minimal downtime for users. A new version of the

Application Compatibility Toolkit (ACT) helps you understand potential application

6 Chapter 1 Overview

compatibility issues by identifying which apps are or are not compatible with

Windows 8. ACT helps you to deploy Windows 8 more quickly by helping to

prioritize, test, and detect compatibility issues with your apps.

Migrating user data from a previous Windows installation can be automated with the

User State Migration Tool (USMT). This tool now supports migrating user data from

Windows XP installations. With the end of support for Windows XP approaching, now

is a great time to plan your migration to Windows 8.

For more information about deploying Windows 8, see Chapter 5, “Deploying

Windows 8.”

■

Refresh and Reset your PC Windows 8 helps streamline the recovery process

for PCs. Refresh your PC and Reset your PC allow users to restore their Windows 8

installation and more easily get their systems up and running again. Even when

Windows 8 cannot start, you can use these new features from within the Windows

Recovery Environment (Windows RE). Refresh your PC allows users to reinstall

Windows 8 while maintaining their personal les, accounts, and personalization

settings. These features make it faster and easier to get a PC up and running again.

For more information about Refresh your PC and Reset your PC, see Chapter 7,

“Windows 8 recovery.” This chapter also describes the Microsoft Diagnostics and

Recovery Toolset, which provides more advanced troubleshooting and recovery

tools that are built into Windows 8.

■

Virtual Desktop Infrastructure (VDI) Powered by Window Server 8, Microsoft

VDI provides the best value for virtual desktops today. The new Remote Desktop

client in Windows 8 works with VDI. Windows Server 8 provides customers with

deployment choices through a single platform and a consistently rich user experience.

Setting up a VDI environment is easy with the simple setup wizard, and managing

your VDI environment is simple with administration, intelligent patching, and unied

management capabilities. Features such as user prole disks and Fair Share ensure

high performance and exibility, whereas support for lower-cost storage and sessions

help reduce the cost of VDI. In addition, Microsoft RemoteFX provides users with a

rich, local-like desktop experience, with the ability to play multimedia, 3D graphics,

use USB peripherals, and touch-enabled devices across any type of network (LAN

or WAN). All of these benets are available across different types of VDI desktops

(personal VM, pooled VM, or session-based desktops). For more information about

Windows 8 in a VDI environment, see Chapter 11, “Windows 8 virtualization.”

Hardware recommendations

Windows 8 provides a terric experience on the same hardware that runs Windows 7.

Table 1-1 describes the hardware recommendations for Windows 8. In fact, you might even

notice that PCs seem to work even better after upgrading from Windows 7 to Windows 8.

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