没有合适的资源？快使用搜索试试~ 我知道了~

首页200页精炼：掌握解决计算问题的艺术

200页精炼：掌握解决计算问题的艺术

计算机科学

2017

英文原版

需积分: 10 16 下载量 39 浏览量更新于2024-07-17 收藏 2.12MB PDF 举报

身份认证购VIP最低享 7 折!

领优惠券(最高得80元）

试读

167页

"《计算机科学精粹：掌握解决计算问题的艺术》是由Wladston Viana Ferreira Filho所著的一本轻型计算机科学入门书籍，于2017年出版。该书的独特之处在于它在不到200页的篇幅内，浓缩了丰富的计算机科学知识，旨在帮助读者快速理解和掌握核心概念。尽管篇幅紧凑，但作者通过精心编排，确保了内容涵盖了诸如算法、数据结构、计算理论、编程语言基础等核心主题。书中强调了计算机科学的本质，即解决问题的逻辑和方法，让读者能够理解如何将现实生活中的复杂问题转化为可计算的形式。作者拉斯维加斯讲座式的写作风格，使得抽象概念易于理解，适合初学者以及希望提升现有技能的专业人士。此外，书中还包含了实践指导，鼓励读者通过实际编程练习来巩固理论知识。版权信息部分显示，该书享有所有权利，未经出版商CODE ENERGY LLC许可，禁止任何形式的复制、存储、传输，包括但不限于电子、机械手段、影印或录音等。书中也强调了版权保护，指出任何摘录仅限于文章或评论中短小引用，并声明尽管已经尽最大努力准备，但出版社和作者不对书中的错误或遗漏以及由此产生的损害承担任何责任。《计算机科学精粹》的国际标准书号(ISBN)是978-0-9973160-0-1，电子版的ISBN为978-0-9973160-1-，这表明读者可以根据自己的需求选择纸质版或电子版阅读。该书的出版发行渠道包括网站链接（hi@code.energy, http://code.energy, Twitter @code_energy, Facebook @code.energy）以及具体的印刷地址，便于读者获取和互动交流。《计算机科学精粹》是一本旨在使计算机科学知识更加通俗易懂，引导读者步入解决计算问题殿堂的实用指南。无论是作为学习材料还是自我提升的参考资料，它都是一个高效且有价值的选择。"

资源详情

资源推荐

|



Anotherwaytoanalyzelogicalmodelsischeckingwhathappens

inallpossibleconfigurationsofitsvariables.Atruthtablehasa

columnforeachvariable.Rowsrepresentpossiblecombinations

ofvariablestates.

Onevariablerequirestworows:inonethevariableissetTrue,

in the other False.To adda variable,we duplicatetherows.We

setthenewvariableTrueintheoriginalrows,andFalseinthe

duplicatedrows(fig.1.5).Thetruthtablesizedoublesforeach

added variable, so it can only be constructed for a fewvariables.

...

Tableslistingtheconfigurationsof–logicalvariables.

Let’s seehowatruth table canbeused to analyzeaproblem.

We have to create a database system

with the following requirements:

I :If the database is locked, we can save data.

II :A databaselock ona fullwrite queuecannot happen.

III :Either the write queue is full, or the cache is loaded.

IV :If thecache isloaded,the databasecannot belocked.

Is this possible?Under which conditions will it work?

truth table for 30 variables would have more than a billion rows.

|

Firstwetransformeach requirementinto alogical expression.This

databasesystemcanbe modeledusingfour variables:

A : Database is locked.

B : Able to save data.

C : Write queue is full.

D : Cache is loaded.



I: A → B.

II: !(A ANDC).

III: C ORD.

IV: D → !A.

We then createa truth tablewith all possible configurations.Extra

columnsareaddedtochecktherequirements.

Truthtableforexploringthevalidityoffourexpressions.

State #ABCDIIIIIIIVAll four

All requirements aremet in states 9–11and 13–15.In these states,

A = False,

meaningthedatabasecan’teverbelocked.Notice

thecachewillnot beloadedonly instates10 and14.

|

Totestwhatyou’velearned,solvetheZebraPuzzle.

It’sa

famouslogicproblemwronglyattributedtoEinstein.Theysayonly

2% of peoplecansolve it, but Idoubt that.Usingabigtruthtable

and correctly simplifying and combining logic statements, I’msure

you’llcrackit.

Wheneveryou’redealingwiththingsthatassumeoneoftwo

possibilities,remembertheycanbemodeledaslogicvariables.This

way,it’seasytoderiveexpressions,simplifythem,anddrawconclu-

sions.Let’snowseethemostimpressiveapplicationoflogic:the

designofelectroniccomputers.



Groups oflogical variablescan representnumbers inbinary form.

Logic operations on binary digitscanbe combinedto performgen-

eralcalculations.Logicgatesperformlogicoperationson electric

current.They are used in electrical circuits that can perform calcu-

lationsatveryhighspeeds.

Alogicgatereceivesvaluesthroughinputwires,performsits

operation, andplaces the resulton itsoutputwire.Thereare AND

gates, ORgates, XORgates,andmore.Trueand Falseare repre-

sentedbyelectriccurrentswithhighorlowvoltage.Usinggates,

complexlogicalexpressionscanbecomputednearinstantly.For

example,thiselectricalcircuitsumstwonumbers:

XOR

AND

XOR

AND

XOR

AND

XOR

Acircuittosum-bitnumbersgivenbypairsoflogical

variablesA

andB

intoa-bitnumberS

.

http://code.energy/zebra-puzzle.

True= 1, False= 0.If you haveno idea why in binary represents

the number 5, check Appendix I for an explanation of number systems.

|

Let’s seehow thiscircuitworks.Take aminute tofollow theoper-

ations performed by the circuit to realize how the magic happens:

XOR

AND

XOR

AND

XOR

AND

XOR

Calculating2 + 3 = 5 inbinary,+=.

Totakeadvantageofthisfastformofcomputing,wetransform

numerical problems to theirbinary/logical form.Truth tables help

modelandtestcircuits.Booleanalgebrasimplifiesexpressionsand

thussimplifiescircuits.

At first, gates were made with bulky, inefficient andexpensive

electrical valves.Oncevalveswerereplaced with transistors,logic

gates couldbe producedenmasse.And wekeptdiscovering ways

to maketransistorssmallerand smaller.

The workingprinciples

ofthemodernCPUarestillbasedonbooleanalgebra.Amodern

CPUisjustacircuitof millionsofmicroscopicwires andlogicgates

thatmanipulateelectriccurrentsofinformation.



It’simportant tocountthingscorrectly—you’ll havetodoit many

times whenworkingwithcomputational problems.

The mathin

thissectionwillbemorecomplex,butdon’tbescared.Somepeople

thinktheycan’tbegoodcodersbecausetheythinkthey’rebadat

math.Well,Ifailedhighschoolmath,yethereIam.The

maththatmakesagoodcoderisnotwhat’srequiredintypicalmath

examsfromschools.

In 2016, researchers created working transistors on a 1 nm scale.For refer-

ence, a gold atomis 0.15 nm wide.

Countingand Logicbelong toanimportant fieldtocomputer sciencecalled

DiscreteMathematics.

|

Outsideschool,formulasandstep-by-stepproceduresaren’t

memorized.They arelookedup ontheInternet whenneeded.Cal-

culations mustn’tbein penand paper.What agood coderrequires

isintuition.Learning aboutcounting problemswill strengthenthat

intuition.Let’snowgrindthroughabunchoftoolsstepbystep:

multiplications,permutations,combinationsandsums.



Ifaneventhappensinn differentways,anda anothereventhap-

pensinm differentways,the numberofdifferentways bothevents

canhappenisn × m.Forexample:

A PINcode iscomposedof two

digits andaletter.It takesonesecondto tryaPIN.In the

worst case, how much time do we need to crack a PIN?

Twodigitscanbechosenin100ways(00-99)andaletterin26

ways (A-Z). Therefore, thereare100 × 26 = 2, 600 possible PINs.

In the worst case, wehave to try everysingle PIN until we findthe

right one.After 2,600 seconds (43 minutes),we’ll have cracked it.

Thereare23candidateswhowant

to join your team.For each candidate, you toss a coin and

onlyhireifitshowsheads.Howmanyteamconfigurations

are possible?

Beforehiring,theonlypossibleteamconfigurationisyoualone.

Each coin toss then doubles thenumber of possibleconfigurations.

This has to bedone23times,sowecompute2tothepower23:

2 × 2 × · · · × 2

| {z }

times

= 2

= 8, 388, 608 team configurations.

Notethatoneoftheseconfigurationsisstillyoualone.

剩余166页未读，继续阅读

In the United States, Advanced Placement Computer Science is a suite of Advanced Placement courses and examinations covering areas of computer science. They are offered by the College Board to high school students as an opportunity to earn college credit for college-level courses.[1] The suite consists of two current classes and one discontinued class.

数据库课程设计文献参考

在进行数据库课程设计时，文献参考是非常关键的，它可以帮助你深入理解理论知识，获取最佳... "The Data Warehouse Revolution: The New Science of Managing and Mining Business Information." John Wiley & Sons.

uml distilled中文 pdf

UML Distilled是一本关于UML（统一建模语言）的经典书籍，被誉为UML入门必读之书。该书作者Martin Fowler是领域驱动设计和面向对象设计方面的知名专家，具有较高的权威性和可信度。该书将UML的核心概念简洁明了地...

question = request.json['question'] # 使用自然语言处理模型进行问题处理 context = match_question(question) if context is not None: return jsonify({'answer': context}) else: result = nlp(question=question, context=context) return jsonify({'answer': result['answer']}) if name == 'main': app.run(debug=True)发生错误MaxRetryError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='huggingface.co', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /distilbert-base-uncased-distilled-squad/resolve/main/tokenizer_config.json (Caused by ProxyError('Unable to connect to proxy', SSLError(SSLEOFError(8, 'EOF occurred in violation of protocol (_ssl.c:1125)')))) During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

nlp = pipeline('question-answering', model='distilbert-base-uncased-distilled-squad', tokenizer='distilbert-base-uncased', use_fast=False) ``` 这可能会解决一些与Hugging Face服务器连接相关的问题。

all = [ 'deit_tiny_patch16_224', 'deit_small_patch16_224', 'deit_base_patch16_224', 'deit_tiny_distilled_patch16_224', 'deit_small_distilled_patch16_224', 'deit_base_distilled_patch16_224', 'deit_base_patch16_384', 'deit_base_distilled_patch16_384', ]

small_distilled_patch16_224`、`deit_base_distilled_patch16_224`、`deit_base_patch16_384`、`deit_base_distilled_patch16_384`。这个变量的存在可以帮助开发者控制模块中哪些函数和变量应该被公开，哪些应该...

ProxyError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='huggingface.co', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /distilbert-base-uncased-distilled-squad/resolve/main/tokenizer_config.json (Caused by ProxyError('Unable to connect to proxy', SSLError(SSLEOFError(8, 'EOF occurred in violation of protocol (_ssl.c:1125)'))))

这个错误表明在从Hugging Face的模型中心下载`distilbert-base-uncased-distilled-squad` 模型时，连接到代理服务器时出现问题。首先，请确保您的计算机可以连接到代理服务器。如果您正在使用代理服务器，请检查...

OSError: Model name 'distilbert-base-uncased-finetuned-sst-2-english' was not found in tokenizers model name list (distilbert-base-uncased, distilbert-base-uncased-distilled-squad). We assumed 'distilbert-base-uncased-finetuned-sst-2-english' was a path or url to a directory containing vocabulary files named ['vocab.txt'] but couldn't find such vocabulary files at this path or url.

这个错误是由于你尝试使用了一个不存在的模型名称 'distilbert-base-uncased-finetuned-sst-2-english' 导致的。该名称不在可用的预训练模型列表中。通常情况下，可以使用Hugging Face的transformers库加载和使用...

我需要一个网页和一个后端服务，后端服务可以用 Python Flask 框架搭建。在后端服务中，使用自然语言处理，来处理用户的键盘输入和输出。同时，将问题和答案的 Excel 文件导入到后端服务中，以便进行问题匹配和回答。对于前端界面，使用 HTML、CSS 和 JavaScript 语言来实现。需要添加一个输入框，用于用户输入文本问题，一个按钮用于提交问题，以及一个输出框，用于展示机器人的回答。当用户点击提交按钮后，前端界面会向后端发送请求，后端服务会将问题传递给自然语言处理模型进行处理，并将处理后的文本与 Excel 文件中的问题进行匹配。匹配成功后，后端服务会将对应的答案传递回前端界面展示给用户。写代码示例

model = AutoModelForQuestionAnswering.from_pretrained("distilbert-base-uncased-distilled-squad") nlp = pipeline('question-answering', model=model, tokenizer=tokenizer) # 加载问题和答案Excel文件 df = ...

shuoguo6666abc

粉丝: 1
资源: 12

上传资源快速赚钱

我的内容管理展开

我的资源快来上传第一个资源

我的收益

登录查看自己的收益

我的积分登录查看自己的积分

我的C币登录后查看C币余额

我的收藏

我的下载

下载帮助

200页精炼：掌握解决计算问题的艺术

Computer Science Distilled Learn the Art of Solving Computational 无水印pdf

Logical Foundations of Computer Science 无水印原版pdf

ap computer science

数据库课程设计文献参考

uml distilled中文 pdf

__all__ = [ 'deit_tiny_patch16_224', 'deit_small_patch16_224', 'deit_base_patch16_224', 'deit_tiny_distilled_patch16_224', 'deit_small_distilled_patch16_224', 'deit_base_distilled_patch16_224', 'deit_base_patch16_384', 'deit_base_distilled_patch16_384', ]

数据库原理相关的中文版参考文献,以参考文献的格式展示出来

uml distilled 3rd 是什么

纯数据库设计的参考文献

数据库课程设计参考文献

数据库参考文献萨师煊

给我推荐20个比较流行的NLU 深度学习模型

软件设计中的抽象能力有哪些参考资料可以提高

怎么再yolov7添加知识蒸馏

如何关闭reader

vit-pytorch 分类

最新资源

all = [ 'deit_tiny_patch16_224', 'deit_small_patch16_224', 'deit_base_patch16_224', 'deit_tiny_distilled_patch16_224', 'deit_small_distilled_patch16_224', 'deit_base_distilled_patch16_224', 'deit_base_patch16_384', 'deit_base_distilled_patch16_384', ]