"基于单片机的温控风扇系统设计与实现"

本设计为一种基于单片机的温控风扇转速系统，具有灵敏的温度感测、显示功能和电机稳定换挡停机功能。系统采用51系列单片机AT89C51作为控制平台对风扇的转速进行控制，利用DS18B20数字温度传感器采集实时温度，经单片机处理后通过两个三极管驱动直流风扇的电机。另外可由用户设置高、低温度值，所设高低温值保存在温度传感器DS18B20内部E2ROM中，掉电后仍然能保存上次设定值。风扇档位控制状态随外界温度而定，当温度升高超过所设定的温度时自动切换到全速运转档位；当温度小于所设定的温度时自动关闭风扇，当测得温度值在高低温度之间时打开风扇的相应风档。通过该系统，实现了风扇转速的智能控制，有效保护了电机和节能降耗，具有实用性和可靠性。 关键词：自动控制；单片机AT89C51；温控；风扇；温度感测。 Abstract: This design is a temperature-controlled fan speed system based on a single chip microcomputer, with sensitive temperature sensing, display function, and motor steady shift stop function. The system uses AT89C51 from the 51 series single-chip microcomputer as the control platform to control the fan speed, utilizes the DS18B20 digital temperature sensor to collect real-time temperature, and drives the DC fan motor through two transistors. Users can set high and low temperature values, which are saved in the DS18B20 temperature sensor's internal E2ROM and can be retained even after power loss. The fan speed control state is determined by the external temperature; when the temperature exceeds the set value, it automatically switches to full-speed gear; when the temperature is lower than the set value, the fan automatically shuts off. When the measured temperature is between the high and low temperature values, the corresponding fan speed is activated. Through this system, intelligent control of fan speed is achieved, effectively protecting the motor, conserving energy, and demonstrating practicality and reliability.