Java媒体框架入门教程

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"Java Media Framework基础知识" 本文档是一个关于Java Media Framework（JMF）的入门教程，由developerWorks提供，旨在帮助初学者理解和使用JMF。JMF是一个功能强大的API，允许Java开发者以多种方式处理媒体内容。教程通过实际示例介绍JMF的主要特性，使读者在完成教程后能理解JMF架构中的关键组件，并具备使用JMF进行实际操作的能力，包括扩展示例以满足更具体需求的基础。本教程涵盖以下主题： 1. JMF下载与安装提示：讲解如何获取和安装JMF，包括可能需要的系统配置和依赖项，以及安装过程中的注意事项。 2. 主要JMF类及其在JMF架构中的作用：介绍JMF的核心类，如MediaLocator、Player、Controller、DataSource等，这些类是构建多媒体应用程序的基础。读者将了解它们的功能以及如何在程序中使用它们来播放、捕获或处理媒体数据。 3. 简单音频播放器：通过一个简单的音频播放器示例，展示如何使用JMF加载和播放音频文件，包括音频格式的处理和控制播放的基本操作。 4. JMF用户界面组件：介绍JMF提供的用于构建媒体播放界面的组件，如视频窗口、控制面板等，以及如何将这些组件集成到自定义的用户界面中。 5. 概念性的JMF：深入讨论JMF的工作原理，包括媒体数据的捕捉、处理和传输流程，以及JMF如何支持实时流媒体和网络广播。 6. 广播与接收媒体：讲解如何使用JMF进行媒体内容的广播和接收，包括设置服务器和客户端，处理网络传输问题，以及实现基本的点对点媒体共享。 7. 结束语与资源：提供进一步学习和开发JMF应用的资源，包括相关的API文档、社区论坛和示例代码库，以便读者可以继续深化JMF技术的学习和实践。通过这个教程，Java开发者将能够利用JMF创建各种多媒体应用程序，如音频和视频播放器、媒体转换工具，甚至复杂的流媒体系统。JMF的灵活性使其成为开发跨平台多媒体解决方案的理想选择。

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Section 2. A simple audio player

Overview

In this section, we'll walk through the first exercise of creating a simple audio player. This

example introduces you to the Manager class and the Player interface, which are two of

the major pieces in building most any JMF-based application.

The functional goal of this example is to play a local audio file through a command-line

interface. We'll walk through the source code and review what is happening in each line.

After completing this section, you will have a demo application on which you can play any

audio file type supported by JMF, including MP3, WAV, and AU, among many others.

Refer to the SimpleAudioPlayer.java file in the source code distribution to follow this

exercise.

Importing the necessary classes

The first few lines of the SimpleAudioPlayer class include the following calls, which

import all necessary classes:

import javax.media.*;

import java.io.File;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.net.URL;

import java.net.MalformedURLException;

The javax.media package is one of the many packages defined by JMF. javax.media is

the core package, containing the definitions of the Manager class and the Player interface,

among others. We'll focus on the Manager class and the Player interface in this section,

and deal with some of the other javax.media classes in later sections.

In addition to the import javax.media statement, the above code fragment includes

several import statements that create the input to our media player.

The Player interface

In the next code fragment, the public class SimpleAudioPlayer and the Player instance

variable are defined:

public class SimpleAudioPlayer {

private Player audioPlayer = null;

The term Player may sound quite familiar, because it is based on our common use of

audio- and video-based media players. In fact, instances of this interface act much like their

real-life counterparts. Players expose methods that relate to the functions of a physical

media player such as a stereo system or VCR. For example, a JMF media Player has the

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