Oracle 10g XML DB开发者指南：10.2版本详解与XML数据操作

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Oracle® XML DB Developer's Guide 10g Release 2 (10.2) B14259-02 是Oracle官方发布的针对10g Release 2版本的XML数据库开发指南，主要针对10.2版本的Oracle数据库。该文档是英文版，详细介绍了如何在Oracle数据库环境中有效地处理XML数据。文档的核心内容围绕以下几个关键知识点展开： 1. **XML解析** - Oracle提供了丰富的函数和工具来解析XML数据，如`xmltype`，这是一个重要的数据类型，用于存储和操作XML数据。`extract`函数用于从XML文档中提取特定的部分，`EXISTS`和`EXTRACTVALUE`函数则用于检查节点的存在并获取节点值。 2. **数据加载与存储** - 文档涵盖将XML数据加载到Oracle数据库中的方法，以及如何设计和优化表结构来存储XML数据，确保性能和效率。 3. **XML数据生成与操作** - 提供了如何利用Oracle SQL语言以及XML DB的相关API来创建、更新和删除XML文档的实例。 4. **管理与维护** - 包括如何管理和维护XML数据，如索引创建、备份和恢复策略，以及如何确保数据一致性。 5. **访问与查询** - 详细介绍了如何使用XPath或SQL查询语言XPath表达式来搜索、过滤和排序XML数据，这对于数据分析和报告至关重要。 6. **案例分析** - 书中包含大量的实际应用案例，这些案例展示了如何在实际项目中解决各种XML数据处理问题，有助于读者理解和掌握技术。 7. **作者贡献** - 这本手册汇集了多位Oracle专家的智慧，每位作者都在他们各自的领域提供了深入的知识和经验，为读者提供了全面的学习资源。 Oracle XML DB Developer's Guide 10g Release 2 (10.2) B14259-02 是一个全面且实用的指南，适合那些希望在Oracle数据库中有效管理和处理XML数据的开发者和管理员。无论是初学者还是经验丰富的开发者，都能从中找到所需的技术指导和支持。阅读此文档不仅能够提高XML数据处理能力，还能够紧跟Oracle XML DB技术的发展趋势。

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xvi

Creating Non-Schema-Based XMLType Views ............................................................................... 18-3

Using SQL/XML Generation Functions to Create Non-Schema-Based XMLType Views .. 18-3

Using Object Types with SYS_XMLGEN to Create Non-Schema-Based XMLType Views. 18-4

Creating XML Schema-Based XMLType Views .............................................................................. 18-5

Using SQL/XML Generation Functions to Create XML Schema-Based XMLType Views.. 18-5

Using Namespaces With SQL/XML Functions .................................................................. 18-7

Using Object Types and Views to Create XML Schema-Based XMLType Views............... 18-11

Creating Schema-Based XMLType Views Over Object Views........................................ 18-12

Step 1. Create Object Types .......................................................................................... 18-12

Step 2. Create or Generate XMLSchema, emp.xsd..................................................... 18-12

Step 3. Register XML Schema, emp_complex.xsd ..................................................... 18-12

Step 4a. Using the One-Step Process............................................................................ 18-14

Step 4b. Using the Two-Step Process by First Creating an Object View ................ 18-14

Wrapping Relational Department Data with Nested Employee Data as XML ............ 18-14

Step 1. Create Object Types .......................................................................................... 18-14

Step 2. Register XML Schema, dept_complex.xsd ..................................................... 18-15

Step 3a. Create XMLType Views on Relational Tables ............................................ 18-16

Step 3b. Create XMLType Views Using SQL/XML Functions................................ 18-16

Creating XMLType Views From XMLType Tables........................................................................ 18-17

Referencing XMLType View Objects Using REF() ....................................................................... 18-18

DML (Data Manipulation Language) on XMLType Views......................................................... 18-18

XPath Rewrite on XMLType Views.................................................................................................. 18-20

Views Constructed With SQL/XML Generation Functions................................................... 18-20

XPath Rewrite on Non-Schema-Based Views Constructed With SQL/XML............... 18-20

XPath Rewrite on Schema-Based Views Constructed With SQL/XML ........................ 18-22

Views Using Object Types, Object Views, and SYS_XMLGEN.............................................. 18-24

Non-Schema-Based XMLType Views Using Object Types or Object Views ................ 18-24

XML-Schema-Based Views Using Object Types or Object Views .................................. 18-25

XPath Rewrite Event Trace.......................................................................................................... 18-26

Generating XML Schema-Based XML Without Creating Views ............................................... 18-26

19 Accessing Data Through URIs

Overview of Oracle XML DB URL Features .................................................................................... 19-1

URIs and URLs ...................................................................................................................................... 19-1

URIType and its Subtypes.................................................................................................................. 19-2

DBUris and XDBUris – What For?................................................................................................ 19-3

URIType Methods........................................................................................................................... 19-4

HTTPURIType Method getContentType() .......................................................................... 19-4

DBURIType Method getContentType()................................................................................ 19-5

DBURIType Method getClob() .............................................................................................. 19-5

DBURIType Method getBlob()............................................................................................... 19-6

Accessing Data Using URIType Instances ....................................................................................... 19-6

XDBUris: Pointers to Repository Resources .................................................................................... 19-9

XDBUri URI Syntax ........................................................................................................................ 19-9

XDBUri Examples ......................................................................................................................... 19-10

DBUris: Pointers to Database Data.................................................................................................. 19-12

Viewing the Database as XML Data........................................................................................... 19-12

xvii

DBUri URI Syntax ......................................................................................................................... 19-13

DBUris are Scoped to a Database and Session.......................................................................... 19-15

DBUri Examples............................................................................................................................ 19-15

Targeting a Table.................................................................................................................... 19-15

Targeting a Row in a Table................................................................................................... 19-16

Targeting a Column............................................................................................................... 19-17

Retrieving the Text Value of a Column .............................................................................. 19-18

Targeting a Collection ........................................................................................................... 19-18

Creating New Subtypes of URIType using Package URIFACTORY ....................................... 19-19

Registering New URIType Subtypes with Package URIFACTORY ..................................... 19-20

SYS_DBURIGEN SQL Function ...................................................................................................... 19-22

Rules for Passing Columns or Object Attributes to SYS_DBURIGEN.................................. 19-22

SYS_DBURIGEN SQL Function: Examples............................................................................... 19-23

DBUriServlet........................................................................................................................................ 19-25

Customizing DBUriServlet .......................................................................................................... 19-27

DBUriServlet Security................................................................................................................... 19-27

Configuring Package URIFACTORY to Handle DBUris ........................................................ 19-28

Part V Oracle XML DB Repository: Foldering, Security, and Protocols

20 Accessing Oracle XML DB Repository Data

Overview of Oracle XML DB Foldering ........................................................................................... 20-1

Repository Terminology and Supplied Resources ......................................................................... 20-2

Repository Terminology ................................................................................................................ 20-3

Supplied Files and Folders............................................................................................................. 20-4

Oracle XML DB Resources .................................................................................................................. 20-4

Where Is Repository Data Stored?................................................................................................ 20-5

Names of Generated Tables ................................................................................................... 20-5

Defining Structured Storage for Resources.......................................................................... 20-5

ASM Virtual Folder ................................................................................................................. 20-5

Path-Name Resolution ................................................................................................................... 20-5

Resource Deletion ........................................................................................................................... 20-6

Accessing Oracle XML DB Repository Resources .......................................................................... 20-6

Navigational or Path Access................................................................................................................ 20-7

Accessing Oracle XML DB Resources Using Internet Protocols.............................................. 20-8

Where You Can Use Oracle XML DB Protocol Access....................................................... 20-9

Using Protocol Access ............................................................................................................. 20-9

Retrieving Oracle XML DB Resources.................................................................................. 20-9

Storing Oracle XML DB Resources........................................................................................ 20-9

Using Internet Protocols and XMLType: XMLType Direct Stream Write..................... 20-10

Accessing ASM Files Using Protocols and Resource APIs – For DBAs................................ 20-10

Query-Based Access............................................................................................................................ 20-11

Accessing Repository Data Using Servlets .................................................................................... 20-12

Accessing Data Stored in Repository Resources........................................................................... 20-12

Managing and Controlling Access to Resources........................................................................... 20-14

xviii

21 Managing Resource Versions

Overview of Oracle XML DB Versioning......................................................................................... 21-1

Oracle XML DB Versioning Features ........................................................................................... 21-1

Oracle XML DB Versioning Terms Used in This Chapter ........................................................ 21-2

Oracle XML DB Resource ID and Path Name ............................................................................ 21-2

Creating a Version-Controlled Resource (VCR).............................................................................. 21-3

Version Resource ID or VCR Version .......................................................................................... 21-3

Resource ID of a New Version ...................................................................................................... 21-3

Accessing a Version-Controlled Resource (VCR)....................................................................... 21-4

Updating a Version-Controlled Resource (VCR) ....................................................................... 21-5

DBMS_XDB_VERSION.CheckOut() Procedure.................................................................. 21-5

DBMS_XDB_VERSION.CheckIn() Procedure ..................................................................... 21-5

DBMS_XDB_VERSION.UnCheckOut Procedure ............................................................... 21-6

Update Contents and Properties ........................................................................................... 21-6

Access Control and Security of VCR ................................................................................................. 21-6

Guidelines for Using Oracle XML DB Versioning ......................................................................... 21-8

22 SQL Access Using RESOURCE_VIEW and PATH_VIEW

Overview of Oracle XML DB RESOURCE_VIEW and PATH_VIEW ........................................ 22-1

RESOURCE_VIEW Definition and Structure ............................................................................. 22-2

PATH_VIEW Definition and Structure........................................................................................ 22-2

Understanding the Difference Between RESOURCE_VIEW and PATH_VIEW................... 22-3

Operations You Can Perform Using UNDER_PATH and EQUALS_PATH......................... 22-4

RESOURCE_VIEW and PATH_VIEW APIs .................................................................................... 22-4

UNDER_PATH SQL Function ...................................................................................................... 22-5

EQUALS_PATH SQL Function..................................................................................................... 22-6

PATH SQL Function....................................................................................................................... 22-6

DEPTH SQL Function..................................................................................................................... 22-7

Using the RESOURCE_VIEW and PATH_VIEW APIs.................................................................. 22-7

Accessing Repository Data Paths, Resources and Links: Examples........................................ 22-7

Deleting Repository Resources: Examples................................................................................ 22-13

Deleting Nonempty Folder Resources................................................................................ 22-14

Updating Repository Resources: Examples .............................................................................. 22-15

Working with Multiple Oracle XML DB Resources..................................................................... 22-17

Performance Tuning of Oracle XML DB Resource Queries........................................................ 22-18

Searching for Resources Using Oracle Text ................................................................................... 22-19

23 PL/SQL Access Using DBMS_XDB

Overview of PL/SQL Package DBMS_XDB..................................................................................... 23-1

DBMS_XDB: Resource Management ................................................................................................ 23-1

DBMS_XDB: ACL-Based Security Management............................................................................ 23-3

DBMS_XDB: Configuration Management....................................................................................... 23-6

24 Repository Resource Security

Overview of Oracle XML DB Resource Security and ACLs ........................................................ 24-1

How the ACL-Based Security Mechanism Works ..................................................................... 24-1

xix

Access Control List Concepts.............................................................................................................. 24-2

Access Privileges ................................................................................................................................... 24-4

Atomic Privileges............................................................................................................................ 24-4

Aggregate Privileges....................................................................................................................... 24-5

Interaction with Database Table Security ........................................................................................ 24-6

Working with Oracle XML DB ACLs ................................................................................................ 24-6

Creating an ACL Using DBMS_XDB.createResource................................................................ 24-7

Setting the ACL of a Resource....................................................................................................... 24-7

Deleting an ACL.............................................................................................................................. 24-7

Updating an ACL............................................................................................................................ 24-8

Retrieving the ACL Document for a Given Resource................................................................ 24-9

Retrieving Privileges Granted to the Current User for a Particular Resource..................... 24-10

Checking if the Current User Has Privileges on a Resource .................................................. 24-10

Checking if the Current User Has Privileges With the ACL and Resource Owner............ 24-11

Retrieving the Path of the ACL that Protects a Given Resource............................................ 24-11

Retrieving the Paths of All Resources Protected by a Given ACL......................................... 24-12

Integrating Oracle XML DB with LDAP......................................................................................... 24-12

Performance Issues for Using ACLs................................................................................................ 24-14

25 FTP, HTTP(S), and WebDAV Access to Repository Data

Overview of Oracle XML DB Protocol Server ................................................................................. 25-1

Session Pooling................................................................................................................................ 25-2

Oracle XML DB Protocol Server Configuration Management..................................................... 25-3

Configuring Protocol Server Parameters..................................................................................... 25-3

Configuring Secure HTTP (HTTPS) ............................................................................................. 25-6

Enable the HTTP Listener to Use SSL................................................................................... 25-6

Enable TCPS Dispatcher ......................................................................................................... 25-7

Interaction with Oracle XML DB File-System Resources.......................................................... 25-7

Protocol Server Handles XML Schema-Based or Non-Schema-Based XML Documents..... 25-8

Event-Based Logging...................................................................................................................... 25-8

Using FTP and Oracle XML DB Protocol Server ............................................................................. 25-8

Oracle XML DB Protocol Server: FTP Features .......................................................................... 25-8

FTP Features That Are Not Supported................................................................................. 25-9

FTP Client Methods That Are Supported............................................................................. 25-9

FTP Quote Methods................................................................................................................. 25-9

Using FTP with ASM Files.................................................................................................... 25-10

Using FTP on Standard or Nonstandard Ports.................................................................. 25-12

FTP Server Session Management......................................................................................... 25-12

Handling Error 421. Modifying the Default Timeout Value of an FTP Session........... 25-12

FTP Client Failure in Passive Mode .................................................................................... 25-13

Using HTTP(S) and Oracle XML DB Protocol Server.................................................................. 25-13

Oracle XML DB Protocol Server: HTTP(S) Features................................................................ 25-13

HTTP(S) Features That Are Not Supported....................................................................... 25-13

HTTP(S) Client Methods That Are Supported .................................................................. 25-13

Using HTTP(S) on Nonstandard Ports ............................................................................... 25-14

HTTPS: Support for Secure HTTP....................................................................................... 25-14

Anonymous Access to Oracle XML DB Repository using HTTP ................................... 25-14

Using Java Servlets with HTTP(S)....................................................................................... 25-14

Sending Multibyte Data From a Client............................................................................... 25-15

Characters That Are Not ASCII In URLs............................................................................ 25-15

Controlling Character Sets for HTTP(S) ............................................................................. 25-15

Request Character Set .................................................................................................... 25-15

Response Character Set.................................................................................................. 25-16

Using WebDAV and Oracle XML DB.............................................................................................. 25-16

Oracle XML DB WebDAV Features ........................................................................................... 25-16

WebDAV Features That Are Not Supported..................................................................... 25-17

Supported WebDAV Client Methods................................................................................. 25-17

Using WebDAV with Microsoft Windows XP SP2.................................................................. 25-17

Using Oracle XML DB and WebDAV: Creating a WebFolder in Windows 2000................ 25-17

26 User-Defined Repository Metadata

Overview of Metadata and XML........................................................................................................ 26-1

Kinds of Metadata – Uses of the Term......................................................................................... 26-2

User-Defined Resource Metadata................................................................................................. 26-2

Scenario: Metadata for a Photo Collection .................................................................................. 26-3

XML Schemas to Define Resource Metadata................................................................................... 26-3

Adding, Updating, and Deleting Resource Metadata .................................................................... 26-4

Using APPENDRESOURCEMETADATA to Add Metadata................................................... 26-5

Using DELETERESOURCEMETADATA to Delete Metadata ................................................. 26-6

Using SQL DML to Add Metadata............................................................................................... 26-7

Using WebDAV PROPPATCH to Add Metadata...................................................................... 26-8

Querying Schema-Based Resource Metadata .................................................................................. 26-9

XML Image Metadata from Binary Image Metadata.................................................................... 26-10

Adding Non-Schema-Based Resource Metadata .......................................................................... 26-10

PL/SQL Procedures Affecting Resource Metadata ....................................................................... 26-12

27 Writing Oracle XML DB Applications in Java

Overview of Oracle XML DB Java Applications............................................................................. 27-1

Which Oracle XML DB APIs Are Available Inside and Outside the Database?.................... 27-2

Design Guidelines: Java Inside or Outside the Database? ........................................................... 27-2

HTTP(S): Accessing Java Servlets or Directly Accessing XMLType Resources..................... 27-2

Accessing Many XMLType Object Elements: Use JDBC XMLType Support ........................ 27-2

Use the Servlets to Manipulate and Write Out Data Quickly as XML.................................... 27-2

Writing Oracle XML DB HTTP Servlets in Java.............................................................................. 27-2

Configuring Oracle XML DB Servlets .............................................................................................. 27-3

HTTP Request Processing for Oracle XML DB Servlets ............................................................... 27-6

Session Pool and Oracle XML DB Servlets...................................................................................... 27-7

Native XML Stream Support............................................................................................................... 27-7

Oracle XML DB Servlet APIs.............................................................................................................. 27-7

Oracle XML DB Servlet Example ....................................................................................................... 27-8

Installing the Oracle XML DB Example Servlet.......................................................................... 27-8

Configuring the Oracle XML DB Example Servlet..................................................................... 27-9

Testing the Example Servlet .......................................................................................................... 27-9

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