第 3 卷第 1 期 雷 达 学 报 Vol. 3No. 1
2014 年 2 月 Journal of Radars Feb. 2014
Exploration of Advanced Bistatic SAR Experiments
Deng Yun-kai Robert Wang
*
(Space Microwave Remote Sensing System Department, Institute of Electronics,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China)
Abstract: This study concentrates on the results of several advanced hybrid bistatic SAR experiments. The hybrid
bistatic configuration applies to the case in which the transmitter and receiver are mounted on different types of
platforms, e.g., spaceborne/airborne, airborne/stationary, spaceborne/stationary, and so on. Several hybrid
bistatic SAR experiments have been performed successfully, i.e., TerraSAR-X/PAMIR, PAMIR/stationary, and
TerraSAR-X/stationary. Furthermore, Multiple Baseline Interferometry SAR (MB-InSAR) and Digital Beam-
Forming (DBF) technologies are validated in the TerraSAR-X/stationary configuration. Note that the DBF
experiment results based on the spaceborne illuminator are discussed for the first time in SAR community. In
addition, this paper emphasizes imaging geometry, image analysis, and focusing results.
Key words: Bistatic Synthetic Aperture Radar (BiSAR); Multiple Baseline Interferometry SAR (MB-InSAR);
Digital BeamForming (DBF); TerraSAR; PAMIR
CLC index: TN958
DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1300.2014.14026
先进双基 SAR 技术研究
邓云凯 王 宇
(中国科学院电子学研究所航天微波遥感系统部 北京 100190)
摘 要：该文展示了世界上几个重要的先进混合双基 SAR 实验。混合双基模式是指发射端和接收端分别装载于不
同类型的平台，例如星载/机载，机载/静止平台，星载/静止平台等。近年来相继有若干混合双基 SAR 实验成功
完成，主要包括 TerraSAR-X/PAMIR，PAMIR/静止平台，以及 TerraSAR-X/静止平台。此外，在 TerraSAR-X/
静止平台的双基模式下还验证了多基线干涉 SAR (MB-InSAR)和数字波束形成(DBF)技术。值得强调的是，该文
所展示的 DBF 实验结果属于世界上首次成功的基于在轨雷达卫星的 DBF 实验。
关键词：双基 SAR (Bi-SAR)；多基线干涉 SAR (MB-InSAR)；数字波束合成(DBF)；TerraSAR；PAMIR
中图分类号：TN958 文献标识码：A 文章编号：2095-283X(2014)01-0001-09
1 Introduction
Bistatic Synthetic Aperture Radar (BiSAR) is
characterized by spatially separated transmitter
and receiver, and hence offers considerable
capability, reliability and flexibility in designing
SAR missions
[1,2]
. Such a spatial separation brings
additional benefits in comparison with its
monostatic counterpart: illuminators of opportunity
Manuscript received February 10, 2014; revised February 10, 2014.
Published online February 26, 2014.
Supported by Hundred Talents Program of Chinese Academy of
Sciences.
*Corresponding author: Robert Wang.
E-mail: yuwang@mail.ie.ac.cn.
with several receive-only systems and also the
possibility of forward- or backward-looking SAR
imaging
[1
－
6]
. Hybrid bistatic systems appear to be
interesting in this context, as they allow lightweight
receive-only UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles), or
flexible stationary receivers with many potential
spaceborne illuminators to produce bistatic SAR
images
[5,6]
.
The spaceborne/airborne bistatic SAR experi-
ments have been successfully conducted in 2008
and 2009 by the Fraunhofer institute for High
frequency physics and Radar (FHR) techniques,
employing FHR’s airborne radar system PAMIR as
the separate receiver. For FHR’s experiments,
TerraSAR-X operated in the sliding spotlight mode,
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