LabVIEW 8 入门指南：图形化编程简易教程

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"Labview for everyone 是一本面向所有人的 LabVIEW 图形化编程经典教程，由 Jeffrey Travis 和 Jim Kring 编著。此书是第三版，全面更新至 LabVIEW 8，旨在以最简单直观的方式教授 LabVIEW 编程，适合初学者入门。" 在本书中，作者通过详尽解释、逐步指导的示例，让读者能够获得可复用的代码以应用于自己的项目。第三版新增了两个章节和数十个新主题，涵盖了如 Project Explorer（项目管理器）、AutoTool（自动化工具）、XML 支持、事件驱动编程、错误处理、正则表达式、多态VI（Virtual Instrument，虚拟仪器）、定时结构以及更高级的报告生成等丰富内容。对于寻求认证 LabVIEW 开发者 (CLD) 的考生来说，本书特别有价值，因为其中包含了与 NI 最新考试关键目标相链接的提示，使其成为更有效的学习资源。这本书不仅帮助读者掌握 LabVIEW 的基本技能，还能够提升他们在实际开发中的应用能力，从而深入理解和运用这一强大的图形化编程语言。 LabVIEW，全称 Laboratory Virtual Instrument Engineering Workbench（实验室虚拟仪器工程工作台），是一种基于图形化编程环境的软件工具，广泛应用于数据采集、测试测量、控制工程和科学计算等领域。通过其特有的数据流编程模型，用户可以通过拖拽和连接图标来构建程序，降低了编程的复杂度，尤其适合非计算机专业背景的工程师和科研人员使用。本书的特点在于其实践性，强调通过实际操作来学习，使读者能够快速上手并逐步精通 LabVIEW。无论你是初入测试测量领域的新人，还是希望提升 LabVIEW 技能的专业人士，"Labview for everyone" 都将是你理想的指南。通过阅读此书，你将能够： 1. 学习 LabVIEW 的基础概念，包括数据类型、控件和函数。 2. 掌握如何创建和组织项目，利用 Project Explorer 进行有效管理。 3. 学会使用 AutoTool 自动化工具提高工作效率。 4. 理解 XML 文件的导入和导出，增强程序的互操作性。 5. 了解并实现事件驱动编程，提高程序的响应性和灵活性。 6. 掌握错误处理策略，确保程序的稳定性和可靠性。 7. 熟悉正则表达式，用于高效的数据匹配和处理。 8. 学习如何创建和使用多态VI，实现代码重用和模块化设计。 9. 应用定时结构进行精确的时间控制和同步。 10. 利用高级报告功能，生成专业且详尽的实验或测试结果报告。 "Labview for everyone" 是一本全面、易懂的 LabVIEW 教程，它将带你进入图形化编程的世界，开启你的 LabVIEW 之旅。

the evaluation period. You can also always get the latest evaluation version of LabVIEW at

http://ni.com/labview.

This book expects you to have basic knowledge of your computer's operating system. If you don't

have much computer experience, you may want to spend a little time with your operating system

manual and familiarize yourself with your computer. For example, you should know how to access

menus, open and save files, make backup disks, and use a mouse. It also helps if you have some

basic programming experience with other languages (C, Java, FORTRAN, etc.), but it is not necessary

to know another programming language to use LabVIEW.

After reading this book and working through the exercises, you should be able to do the following,

and much more, with the greatest of ease:

Write LabVIEW programs, called virtual instruments, or VIs.

Employ various debugging techniques.

Manipulate both built-in LabVIEW functions and VIs.

Create and save your own VIs so that you can use them as subVls, or subroutines.

Design custom graphical user interfaces (GUIs).

Save your data in a file and display it on a graph or chart.

Build applications that use General Purpose Interface Bus (GPIB) or serial instruments.

Create applications that use plug-in DAQ boards.

Use built-in analysis functions to process your data.

Optimize the speed and performance of your LabVIEW programs.

Employ advanced techniques such as state machines and event structures.

Control your VIs and publish your data over the Internet or on the Web, using LabVIEW's

features like its built-in Web server and remote panels.

Use LabVIEW to create your instrumentation applications.

LabVIEW for Everyone helps you get started quickly with LabVIEW to develop your instrumentation

and analysis applications. The book is divided into two main sections: Fundamentals and Advanced

Topics.

The Fundamentals section contains nine chapters and teaches you the fundamentals of programming

in LabVIEW. The Advanced Topics section contains eight chapters that further develop your skills and

introduce helpful techniques and optimizing strategies. We suggest that you work through the

beginning section to master the basics; then, if you're short on time, skip around to what you really

want to learn in the advanced section.

In both sections, chapters have a special structure to facilitate learning, as follows:

Overview, goals, and key terms describe the main ideas covered in that chapter.

The main sections are a discussion of the featured topics.

Activities reinforce the information presented in the discussion.

Wrap It Up! summarizes important concepts and skills taught in the chapter.

Additional activities in many chapters give you more practice with the new material.

Fundamentals

Chapter 1, "What in the World is LabVIEW?," describes LabVIEW and introduces you to some of

LabVIEW's features and uses.

In Chapter 2, "Virtual Instrumentation: Hooking Your Computer Up to the Real World," you will get an

overview of virtual instrumentation: how data acquisition, GPIB, serial port communication, and data

analysis are performed with LabVIEW.

In Chapter 3, "The LabVIEW Environment," you will get acquainted with the LabVIEW environment,

including the LabVIEW Project Explorer, the essential parts of a virtual instrument (or VI), the Help

window, menus, tools, palettes, and subVIs.

In Chapters 4 and 5, "LabVIEW Foundations" and "Yet More Foundations," you will become familiar

with the basics of programming in LabVIEWusing controls and indicators (such as numerics,

Booleans, and strings); wiring, creating, editing, debugging, and saving VIs; creating subVIs; and

documenting your work. You will also begin to understand why LabVIEW is considered a dataflow

programming language.

Chapter 6, "Controlling Program Execution with Structures," describes the basic programming

structures in LabVIEW: While Loops, For Loops, shift registers, Case Structures, Sequence

Structures, and Formula Nodes. It also teaches you how to introduce timing into your programs. You

will be introduced to easy-to-use frameworks that combine the While Loop and Case Structure to

build scalable applications.

In Chapter 7, "LabVIEW's Composite Data: Arrays and Clusters," you will learn how to use two

important data structuresarrays and clustersin your programs. You will also explore LabVIEW's built-

in functions for manipulating arrays and clusters. It also teaches you about the error cluster and how

to perform proper error handling in LabVIEW.

Chapter 8, "LabVIEW's Exciting Visual Displays: Charts and Graphs," details the variety of charts and

graphs available in LabVIEW and teaches you how to use them for animated and informative data

presentation. It also introduces the waveform, time stamp, and dynamic datatypes.

Chapter 9, "Exploring Strings and File I/O," discusses string data types, string functions, and tables.

You will learn how to parse strings like a pro, using the regular expression syntax. It also talks a little

about how to save data in and read data from a file, using LabVIEW's simple File I/O VIs.

Advanced Topics

Chapter 10, "Signal Measurement and Generation: Data Acquisition," teaches you some of the theory

behind signals, data acquisition, and analog and digital I/O. You will learn some hardware

considerations, and you will find a valuable guide to many common acronyms used in

instrumentation. Chapter 10 also discusses software setup for data acquisition using the

Measurement & Automation Explorer (MAX) utility and configuring NI-DAQmx devices.

Chapter 11, "Data Acquisition in LabVIEW," then takes the basics of data acquisition you learned in

Chapter 10 and teaches you how to apply them in LabVIEW using the DAQmx VIs. You'll learn about

the easy-to-use and powerful DAQmx tasks in LabVIEW, as well as work through some activities to

read and write analog data, digital data. The chapter ends with some more advanced forms of data

acquisition applications, such as streaming data to a file or doing a triggered acquisition.

Chapter 12, "Instrument Control in LabVIEW," discusses how to use external instruments with

LabVIEW. You'll learn about GPIB, serial, Ethernet, and other kinds of instrument interfaces, and how

to use the powerful VISA framework with LabVIEW to easily communicate with them.

Chapter 13, "Advanced LabVIEW Structures and Functions," covers some invaluable features like

local and global variables, property nodes, invoke nodes, and the powerful Event Structure for event-

driven programming. You will learn about the State Machine and Queued Message Handler application

frameworks, as well as the Messaging and Synchronization functions: Queues, Notifiers, Semaphores,

Rendezvous, and Occurrences. It also introduces you to some more of LabVIEW's cool GUI widgets

like trees, subpanels, graphics and sound, and so on.

Chapter 14, "Advanced LabVIEW Data Concepts," discusses some more file I/O, showing you how to

work with binary files and configuration files, as well as advanced text file functions. You'll see how

LabVIEW can both read and generate external code modules such as DLLs and Shared Libraries.

Chapter 15, "Advanced LabVIEW Features," shows you how to configure VI behavior and appearance

using VI Setup options. You'll learn about the powerful VI Server and how you can dynamically

control LabVIEW, VIs, and controls by reference. It also introduces LabVIEW's very useful tools such

as the Find function and VI Hierarchy window.

Chapter 16, "Connectivity in LabVIEW," covers connectivity features in LabVIEW such as printing to

the web, controlling VIs remotely over the web, sharing data with Shared Variables, networking, and

report generation.

In Chapter 17, "The Art of LabVIEW Programming," you will learn about good LabVIEW style and

some new tips, such as how to add a customized look to your applications by importing pictures and

using the Control Editor. Chapter 17 describes some good programming techniques that you can use

to make your programs run faster, use less memory, port more easily to other platforms, and behave

more efficiently overall.

In Appendix A, "CD Contents," you can find an outline and description of the files contained on the

accompanying CD-ROM, as well as high-level instructions for installing the LabVIEW evaluation

version and finding the examples and activities discussed in this book.

In Appendix B, "Add-on Toolkits for LabVIEW," you will learn about add-on toolkits available from

National Instruments and third-party companies to increase LabVIEW's functionality.

Appendix C, "Open Source Tools for LabVIEW: OpenG," introduces you to free (as in speech)

software and the OpenG.org community that collaboratively develops add-on toolkits for LabVIEW.

In Appendix D, "LabVIEW Object-Oriented Programming," you will be introduced to object-oriented

programming techniques in LabVIEW, including a history of LabVIEW object-oriented programming

and some perspectives on things to come.

Appendix E, "Resources for LabVIEW," contains links to various LabVIEW resources such as user

groups, discussion forums, and various other online LabVIEW resources.

In Appendix F, "LabVIEW Certification Exams," you will learn about the LabVIEW developer

certification exams, how to prepare for them, what to expect, and the benefits of certification.

You will find a glossary and index at the end of the book.

The following table describes the conventions used in this book.

bold

Bold text denotes VI names, function names, menus, menu items, and

palettes. In addition, bold text denotes VI input and output parameters. For

example, "Choose TCP Read from the TCP Functions palette."

italic

Italic text denotes emphasis, a cross reference, or an introduction to a key

term or concept. For example, "A control reference is an object that points to a

LabVIEW control or indicator and can manage its properties."

Courier

Courier type denotes text or characters that you enter using the keyboard. It

also denotes files and paths. Sections of code, programming examples, syntax

examples, and messages and responses that the computer automatically prints

to the screen also appear in this font. For example, "In the text book, enter

c:\data\datafile.txt as the filename."

Note. This icon marks information to which you should pay special attention.

Watch Out! This icon flags a common pitfall or special information that you

should be aware of in order to keep out of trouble.

Hint. This icon calls your attention to useful tips and hints on how to do

something efficiently.

When you see this icon, it means the topic being discussed is a Certified

LabVIEW Developer (CLD) exam topic. If you want to prepare to become a

CLD, pay attention! See Appendix F for detailed information about the

certification program, what you can gain by becoming certified, how to study,

and what to expect while taking the exams.

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