The Best C plus plus Book

There are a lot of great C++ books out there, but some of the most highly recommended ones include:

1. "C++ Primer" by Lippman, Lajoie, and Moo
2. "Effective C++" by Scott Meyers
3. "The C++ Programming Language" by Bjarne Stroustrup
4. "Accelerated C++" by Andrew Koenig and Barbara E. Moo
5. "Modern Effective C++" by Scott Meyers

These books cover a broad range of topics and are suitable for both beginners and experienced programmers. Ultimately, the best book for you will depend on your specific needs and learning style.

相关问题

c primer plus

C Primer Plus is a book written by Stephen Prata that is focused on teaching programming using the C language. The book covers fundamental programming concepts such as data types, control statements, arrays, functions, pointers, and structures. It also covers advanced topics such as file input and output, dynamic memory allocation, and the preprocessor.

The book is organized in a logical sequence that builds on previous topics to help readers understand how to create C programs. It includes exercises at the end of each chapter to reinforce concepts and provide opportunities for practice. Additionally, the book includes practical examples and code snippets to help readers understand how to apply the programming concepts to real-world situations.

C Primer Plus is a popular book among beginner and intermediate programmers who want to learn the C programming language. It is widely regarded as one of the best resources for learning C programming and has been used by universities and corporations to teach programming to their students and employees.

用c plus plus实现分支限界算法

分支限界算法是一种解决最优解问题的算法，它通过利用优先队列来对状态进行排序，选择最有可能达到全局最优解的状态进行扩展，直到找到最优解或者队列为空。

以下是使用C++实现分支限界算法的基本步骤：

1.设计状态表示

首先需要确定问题的状态表示，包括状态中的变量、限制条件等。例如，求解0/1背包问题时，状态可以由当前背包的重量和价值以及剩余物品等组成。

2.设计状态扩展函数

状态扩展函数用于生成当前状态的所有可能扩展状态，即所有可能的下一步状态。例如，在0/1背包问题中，扩展状态可以是添加一个物品或者不添加物品。

3.设计状态评价函数

状态评价函数用于对当前状态进行评价，以决定状态在队列中的优先级。例如，在0/1背包问题中，评价函数可以是当前状态的价值。

4.设计优先队列

优先队列用于存储状态，并根据状态评价函数对状态进行排序。可以使用STL库中的priority_queue来实现优先队列。

5.编写分支限界算法代码

在代码中，需要使用while循环来不断从队列中取出优先级最高的状态，并对该状态进行扩展和评价，直到找到最优解或者队列为空。

以下是一个简单的0/1背包问题的分支限界算法实现：

#include <iostream>
#include <queue>
using namespace std;

// 0/1背包问题状态表示
struct State {
    int weight;   // 当前背包重量
    int value;    // 当前背包价值
    int index;    // 剩余物品编号
};

// 优先队列中的比较函数
struct cmp {
    bool operator() (State a, State b) {
        return a.value < b.value;
    }
};

// 0/1背包问题状态扩展函数
vector<State> extendState(State s, vector<int> w, vector<int> v) {
    vector<State> res;
    if (s.index < w.size() - 1) {  // 添加物品
        State ns = s;
        ns.index++;
        ns.weight += w[ns.index];
        ns.value += v[ns.index];
        res.push_back(ns);
    }
    State ns = s;  // 不添加物品
    ns.index++;
    res.push_back(ns);
    return res;
}

// 0/1背包问题状态评价函数
int evaluateState(State s) {
    return s.value;
}

// 分支限界算法
int branchAndBound(int c, vector<int> w, vector<int> v) {
    priority_queue<State, vector<State>, cmp> q;
    State s = {0, 0, -1};  // 初始状态
    q.push(s);
    int best = 0;
    while (!q.empty()) {
        State cur = q.top();
        q.pop();
        if (cur.weight > c) {  // 剪枝
            continue;
        }
        if (evaluateState(cur) <= best) {  // 剪枝
            continue;
        }
        if (cur.index == w.size() - 1) {  // 更新最优解
            best = max(best, cur.value);
            continue;
        }
        vector<State> nextStates = extendState(cur, w, v);
        for (State nextState : nextStates) {
            q.push(nextState);
        }
    }
    return best;
}

int main() {
    vector<int> w = {2, 3, 4, 5};
    vector<int> v = {3, 4, 5, 6};
    int c = 8;
    int ans = branchAndBound(c, w, v);
    cout << ans << endl;
    return 0;
}