用 c 语言写输入由多行组成,每行都是一个正确的逻辑表达式。 逻辑表达式小于100个字符。 一个正确的逻辑表达式可以包含小写字母,空格和逻辑联结词(含括号)。单个小写字母表示一个逻辑变量,一个表达式中逻辑变量的个数不超过10。空格作为分隔符, 不是词,同一个词的字符之间不能有空格。每一个逻辑表达式产生如下的输出: 第一行按顺序输出表达式中的所有词。每个词之间用空格分开。 第二行按字母序输出表达式中的所有逻辑变量,用空格分开。 第三行开始输出逻辑变量值的所有组合情况。
时间: 2024-03-08 16:46:44 浏览: 69
是一个非常详细的 Swift 基础教程.docx
好的,以下是使用C语言编写的程序示例:
```c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <math.h>
// 定义获取词的函数
void get_words(char *expression, char **words, int *num_words) {
char *word = strtok(expression, " ");
int i = 0;
while (word != NULL) {
words[i++] = word;
word = strtok(NULL, " ");
}
*num_words = i;
}
// 定义获取逻辑变量的函数
void get_variables(char *expression, char **variables, int *num_variables) {
int i = 0;
for (int j = 0; j < strlen(expression); j++) {
if (expression[j] >= 'a' && expression[j] <= 'z') {
char *variable = (char *) malloc(sizeof(char));
variable[0] = expression[j];
int k;
for (k = 0; k < i; k++) {
if (strcmp(variable, variables[k]) < 0) {
break;
}
}
for (int l = i; l > k; l--) {
variables[l] = variables[l - 1];
}
variables[k] = variable;
i++;
}
}
*num_variables = i;
}
// 获取所有逻辑变量的组合情况
void get_combinations(char **variables, int num_variables, char **combinations, int *num_combinations) {
int num_bits = ceil(log2(pow(2, num_variables)));
int num_combinations_temp = pow(2, num_variables);
for (int i = 0; i < num_combinations_temp; i++) {
combinations[i] = (char *) malloc(num_variables + 1);
for (int j = 0; j < num_variables; j++) {
int bit = (i >> (num_variables - j - 1)) & 1;
combinations[i][j] = '0' + bit;
}
combinations[i][num_variables] = '\0';
}
*num_combinations = num_combinations_temp;
}
// 定义计算逻辑表达式值的函数
int evaluate_expression(char *expression, char **variables, char *combination) {
int result = 0;
int length = strlen(expression);
char expression_copy[length + 1];
strcpy(expression_copy, expression);
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
if (expression_copy[i] >= 'a' && expression_copy[i] <= 'z') {
char *variable = (char *) malloc(sizeof(char));
variable[0] = expression_copy[i];
int index = -1;
for (int j = 0; j < strlen(combination); j++) {
if (variables[j][0] == expression_copy[i]) {
index = j;
break;
}
}
if (index >= 0) {
expression_copy[i] = combination[index];
}
}
}
int num_tokens;
char *tokens[100];
char *token = strtok(expression_copy, " ");
int i = 0;
while (token != NULL) {
tokens[i++] = token;
token = strtok(NULL, " ");
}
num_tokens = i;
for (int i = 0; i < num_tokens; i++) {
if (tokens[i][0] == '(') {
int j = i + 1;
int counter = 1;
while (counter > 0) {
if (tokens[j][0] == '(') {
counter++;
} else if (tokens[j][0] == ')') {
counter--;
}
j++;
}
char *subexpression = (char *) malloc((j - i) * sizeof(char));
for (int k = i + 1; k < j - 1; k++) {
subexpression[k - i - 1] = tokens[k][0];
}
subexpression[j - i - 2] = '\0';
int subresult = evaluate_expression(subexpression, variables, combination);
char subresult_str[2];
sprintf(subresult_str, "%d", subresult);
tokens[i] = subresult_str;
for (int k = i + 1; k < j; k++) {
tokens[k] = " ";
}
i = j - 1;
free(subexpression);
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < num_tokens; i++) {
if (tokens[i][0] == '!') {
int operand = atoi(tokens[i + 1]);
int result_temp = !operand;
char result_str[2];
sprintf(result_str, "%d", result_temp);
tokens[i] = result_str;
tokens[i + 1] = " ";
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < num_tokens; i++) {
if (tokens[i][0] == '&') {
int operand1 = atoi(tokens[i - 1]);
int operand2 = atoi(tokens[i + 1]);
int result_temp = operand1 && operand2;
char result_str[2];
sprintf(result_str, "%d", result_temp);
tokens[i - 1] = result_str;
tokens[i] = " ";
tokens[i + 1] = " ";
} else if (tokens[i][0] == '|') {
int operand1 = atoi(tokens[i - 1]);
int operand2 = atoi(tokens[i + 1]);
int result_temp = operand1 || operand2;
char result_str[2];
sprintf(result_str, "%d", result_temp);
tokens[i - 1] = result_str;
tokens[i] = " ";
tokens[i + 1] = " ";
}
}
result = atoi(tokens[0]);
return result;
}
// 主函数
int main() {
char expressions[100][100];
int num_expressions = 0;
while (1) {
fgets(expressions[num_expressions], 100, stdin);
if (expressions[num_expressions][0] == '\n') {
break;
}
expressions[num_expressions][strlen(expressions[num_expressions]) - 1] = '\0';
num_expressions++;
}
for (int i = 0; i < num_expressions; i++) {
char *words[100];
int num_words;
get_words(expressions[i], words, &num_words);
for (int j = 0; j < num_words; j++) {
printf("%s ", words[j]);
}
printf("\n");
char *variables[10];
int num_variables;
get_variables(expressions[i], variables, &num_variables);
for (int j = 0; j < num_variables; j++) {
printf("%s ", variables[j]);
}
printf("\n");
char *combinations[1024];
int num_combinations;
get_combinations(variables, num_variables, combinations, &num_combinations);
for (int j = 0; j < num_combinations; j++) {
for (int k = 0; k < num_variables; k++) {
printf("%c ", combinations[j][k]);
}
int result = evaluate_expression(expressions[i], variables, combinations[j]);
printf("%d\n", result);
}
}
return 0;
}
```
这个程序假设您会按照题目要求逐行输入多个逻辑表达式,并在末尾输入一个空行以结束输入。对于每个逻辑表达式,它首先获取表达式中的所有词和逻辑变量,然后获取所有逻辑变量的组合情况,最后对于每个组合情况,它将表达式中的逻辑变量替换为组合情况中对应的值,并计算表达式的值。它输出表达式中的所有词、逻辑变量和每个逻辑变量值的组合情况及其结果。注意,这个程序没有对输入进行任何错误检查,因此需要您自己确保输入的正确性。
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