return torch.sum(w.pow(2))/2解释每个参数的含义

这是一个计算平方和的公式，其中：

- torch.sum：用于对张量进行求和操作。
- w：表示一个张量，其元素为模型的某些参数。
- pow(2)：表示对张量中每个元素进行平方操作。
- /2：表示将所有元素的平方和除以2。

因此，该公式的含义是计算模型中某些参数的平方和，这在正则化中经常用到，以避免过拟合。

相关问题

帮我给每一行代码添加注释 class DeepKalmanFilter(nn.Module): def __init__(self, config): super(DeepKalmanFilter, self).__init__() self.emitter = Emitter(config.z_dim, config.emit_hidden_dim, config.obs_dim) self.transition = Transition(config.z_dim, config.trans_hidden_dim) self.posterior = Posterior( config.z_dim, config.post_hidden_dim, config.obs_dim ) self.z_q_0 = nn.Parameter(torch.zeros(config.z_dim)) self.emit_log_sigma = nn.Parameter(config.emit_log_sigma * torch.ones(config.obs_dim)) self.config = config @staticmethod def reparametrization(mu, sig): return mu + torch.randn_like(sig) * sig @staticmethod def kl_div(mu0, sig0, mu1, sig1): return -0.5 * torch.sum(1 - 2 * sig1.log() + 2 * sig0.log() - (mu1 - mu0).pow(2) / sig1.pow(2) - (sig0 / sig1).pow(2)) def loss(self, obs): time_step = obs.size(1) batch_size = obs.size(0) overshoot_len = self.config.overshooting kl = torch.Tensor([0]).to(self.config.device) reconstruction = torch.Tensor([0]).to(self.config.device) emit_sig = self.emit_log_sigma.exp() for s in range(self.config.sampling_num): z_q_t = self.z_q_0.expand((batch_size, self.config.z_dim)) for t in range(time_step): trans_loc, trans_sig = self.transition(z_q_t) post_loc, post_sig = self.posterior(trans_loc, trans_sig, obs[:, t]) z_q_t = self.reparametrization(post_loc, post_sig) emit_loc = self.emitter(z_q_t) reconstruction += ((emit_loc - obs[:, t]).pow(2).sum(dim=0) / 2 / emit_sig + self.emit_log_sigma * batch_size / 2).sum() if t > 0: over_loc, over_sig = self.transition(overshooting[:overshoot_len - 1]) over_loc = torch.cat([trans_loc.unsqueeze(0), over_loc], dim=0) over_sig = torch.cat([trans_sig.unsqueeze(0), over_sig], dim=0) else: over_loc = trans_loc.unsqueeze(0) over_sig = trans_sig.unsqueeze(0) overshooting = self.reparametrization(over_loc, over_sig) kl = kl + self.kl_div(post_loc.expand_as(over_loc), post_sig.expand_as(over_sig), over_loc, over_sig) / min(t + 1, self.config.overshooting) reconstruction = reconstruction / self.config.sampling_num kl = kl / self.config.sampling_num return reconstruction, kl

答：class DeepKalmanFilter(nn.Module): # 定义深度Kalman滤波器类
def __init__(self, config): # 初始化
super(DeepKalmanFilter, self).__init__() # 调用父类构造函数
self.emitter = Emitter(config.z_dim, config.emit_hidden_dim, config.obs_dim) # 实例化发射器
self.transition = Transition(config.z_dim, config.trans_hidden_dim) # 实例化转换器
self.posterior = Posterior(config.z_dim, config.post_hidden_dim, config.obs_dim) # 实例化后验概率
self.z_q_0 = nn.Parameter(torch.zeros(config.z_dim)) # 设置参数z_q_0
self.emit_log_sigma = nn.Parameter(config.emit_log_sigma * torch.ones(config.obs_dim)) # 发射标准差参数
self.config = config # 配置参数 @staticmethod
def reparametrization(mu, sig): # 重置参数
return mu + torch.randn_like(sig) * sig # 根据均值和标准差重置参数 @staticmethod
def kl_div(mu0, sig0, mu1, sig1): # 计算KL散度
return -0.5 * torch.sum(1 - 2 * sig1.log() + 2 * sig0.log() - (mu1 - mu0).pow(2) / sig1.pow(2) - (sig0 / sig1).pow(2)) # 计算KL散度 def loss(self, obs): # 损失函数
time_step = obs.size(1) # 观测序列的时间步数
batch_size = obs.size(0) # 批量大小
overshoot_len = self.config.overshooting # 超调量
kl = torch.Tensor([0]).to(self.config.device) # kl散度
reconstruction = torch.Tensor([0]).to(self.config.device) # 构建重构误差
emit_sig = self.emit_log_sigma.exp() # 发射标准差
for s in range(self.config.sampling_num): # 采样次数
z_q_t = self.z_q_0.expand((batch_size, self.config.z_dim)) # 估计量初始化
for t in range(time_step): # 遍历每一时刻
trans_loc, trans_sig = self.transition(z_q_t) # 更新转换器
post_loc, post_sig = self.posterior(trans_loc, trans_sig, obs[:, t]) # 更新后验概率
z_q_t = self.reparametrization(post_loc, post_sig) # 重新参数化
emit_loc = self.emitter(z_q_t) # 计算发射器
reconstruction += ((emit_loc - obs[:, t]).pow(2).sum(dim=0) / 2 / emit_sig +
self.emit_log_sigma * batch_size / 2).sum() # 计算重构误差
if t > 0: # 如果不是第一步
over_loc, over_sig = self.transition(overshooting[:overshoot_len - 1]) # 计算超调量
over_loc = torch.cat([trans_loc.unsqueeze(0), over_loc], dim=0) # 转换器的位置
over_sig = torch.cat([trans_sig.unsqueeze(0), over_sig], dim=0) # 转换器的协方差
else: # 如果是第一步
over_loc = trans_loc.unsqueeze(0) # 转换器的位

def build_gwc_volume_cos(refimg_fea, targetimg_fea, maxdisp, num_groups): refimg_fea = refimg_fea/(torch.sum(refimg_fea**2, dim=1,keepdim=True).pow(1/2)+1e-05) targetimg_fea = targetimg_fea/(torch.sum(targetimg_fea**2, dim=1,keepdim=True).pow(1/2)+1e-05) B, C, H, W = refimg_fea.shape volume = refimg_fea.new_zeros([B, num_groups, maxdisp, H, W]) for i in range(maxdisp): if i > 0: volume[:, :, i, :, i:] = groupwise_correlation(refimg_fea[:, :, :, i:], targetimg_fea[:, :, :, :-i], num_groups) else: volume[:, :, i, :, :] = groupwise_correlation(refimg_fea, targetimg_fea, num_groups) volume = volume.contiguous() return volume

这是一个构建视差体积的函数，输入参数包括参考图像特征(refimg_fea)、目标图像特征(targetimg_fea)、最大视差(maxdisp)和分组数(num_groups)。首先，对参考图像特征和目标图像特征进行归一化处理。然后，根据最大视差和分组数创建一个大小为[B, num_groups, maxdisp, H, W]的零张量(volume)。接下来，通过循环遍历每个视差值i，计算对应视差的分组相关性并将结果存储在volume张量中。最后，返回计算完成的volume张量。