帮我用C++写一份图书管管理系统，需要有完整的代码注释，能在控制台进行显示操作，需要设计基类和派生类，还需要这些内容：1.建立书籍类、图书类型类、图书类 2.书籍、图书类型、图书信息的初始化 3.书籍、图书类型、图书信息的添加、修改、删除、查找 4.图书信息的输出 5.对图书信息按编号、书名排序 6.文件的保存 7.文件的读取

好的，我可以帮您实现这个系统。首先，我们需要设计三个类：`Book`（书籍类）、`BookType`（图书类型类）和`Library`（图书管理类）。

`Book`类包含以下成员变量：

string bookName;  // 书名
string author;    // 作者
string ISBN;      // ISBN编号
double price;     // 价格
BookType type;    // 图书类型

`BookType`类包含以下成员变量：

string typeName;  // 图书类型名称
int days;         // 可借天数

`Library`类包含以下成员变量：

vector<Book> books;         // 图书列表
vector<BookType> bookTypes; // 图书类型列表

接下来，我们需要实现对于这三个类的初始化、添加、修改、删除、查找、排序和文件读写等功能。

首先是图书类型和图书信息的初始化：

void Library::init() {
    // 初始化图书类型
    BookType type1("计算机", 30);
    BookType type2("文学", 20);
    BookType type3("历史", 15);
    bookTypes.push_back(type1);
    bookTypes.push_back(type2);
    bookTypes.push_back(type3);

    // 初始化图书信息
    Book book1("C++程序设计基础", "谭浩强", "9787302393836", 59.0, type1);
    Book book2("三体", "刘慈欣", "9787536692930", 29.0, type2);
    Book book3("中国历史大全", "陈寅恪", "9787020015581", 39.0, type3);
    books.push_back(book1);
    books.push_back(book2);
    books.push_back(book3);
}

接下来是添加图书和修改图书信息的功能：

void Library::addBook() {
    string name, author, isbn, typeName;
    double price;
    int days;
    cout << "请输入书名：";
    cin >> name;
    cout << "请输入作者：";
    cin >> author;
    cout << "请输入ISBN编号：";
    cin >> isbn;
    cout << "请输入价格：";
    cin >> price;
    cout << "请输入图书类型：";
    cin >> typeName;
    cout << "请输入可借天数：";
    cin >> days;

    // 查找图书类型
    BookType type(typeName, days);
    auto iter = find(bookTypes.begin(), bookTypes.end(), type);
    if (iter == bookTypes.end()) {
        bookTypes.push_back(type);
        iter = bookTypes.end() - 1;
    }

    // 添加图书
    Book book(name, author, isbn, price, *iter);
    books.push_back(book);
    cout << "添加成功！" << endl;
}

void Library::modifyBook() {
    cout << "请输入要修改的图书编号：";
    int id;
    cin >> id;
    if (id < 1 || id > books.size()) {
        cout << "无效的图书编号！" << endl;
        return;
    }

    Book& book = books[id - 1];
    cout << "请选择要修改的信息：" << endl;
    cout << "1.书名" << endl;
    cout << "2.作者" << endl;
    cout << "3.ISBN编号" << endl;
    cout << "4.价格" << endl;
    cout << "5.图书类型" << endl;
    int choice;
    cin >> choice;

    switch (choice) {
        case 1: {
            string name;
            cout << "请输入新的书名：";
            cin >> name;
            book.bookName = name;
            break;
        }
        case 2: {
            string author;
            cout << "请输入新的作者：";
            cin >> author;
            book.author = author;
            break;
        }
        case 3: {
            string isbn;
            cout << "请输入新的ISBN编号：";
            cin >> isbn;
            book.ISBN = isbn;
            break;
        }
        case 4: {
            double price;
            cout << "请输入新的价格：";
            cin >> price;
            book.price = price;
            break;
        }
        case 5: {
            string typeName;
            int days;
            cout << "请输入新的图书类型名称：";
            cin >> typeName;
            cout << "请输入新的可借天数：";
            cin >> days;

            // 查找图书类型
            BookType type(typeName, days);
            auto iter = find(bookTypes.begin(), bookTypes.end(), type);
            if (iter == bookTypes.end()) {
                bookTypes.push_back(type);
                iter = bookTypes.end() - 1;
            }

            book.type = *iter;
            break;
        }
        default: {
            cout << "无效的选项！" << endl;
            break;
        }
    }

    cout << "修改成功！" << endl;
}

接下来是删除图书和查找图书的功能：

void Library::deleteBook() {
    cout << "请输入要删除的图书编号：";
    int id;
    cin >> id;
    if (id < 1 || id > books.size()) {
        cout << "无效的图书编号！" << endl;
        return;
    }

    books.erase(books.begin() + id - 1);
    cout << "删除成功！" << endl;
}

void Library::findBook() {
    cout << "请选择查找方式：" << endl;
    cout << "1.按编号查找" << endl;
    cout << "2.按书名查找" << endl;
    int choice;
    cin >> choice;

    switch (choice) {
        case 1: {
            cout << "请输入图书编号：";
            int id;
            cin >> id;

            if (id < 1 || id > books.size()) {
                cout << "无效的图书编号！" << endl;
                return;
            }

            printBookInfo(books[id - 1]);
            break;
        }
        case 2: {
            cout << "请输入书名：";
            string name;
            cin >> name;

            for (auto& book : books) {
                if (book.bookName == name) {
                    printBookInfo(book);
                    return;
                }
            }

            cout << "未找到该书籍！" << endl;
            break;
        }
        default: {
            cout << "无效的选项！" << endl;
            break;
        }
    }
}

接下来是对图书信息进行排序的功能：

void Library::sortBooks() {
    cout << "请选择排序方式：" << endl;
    cout << "1.按编号排序" << endl;
    cout << "2.按书名排序" << endl;
    int choice;
    cin >> choice;

    switch (choice) {
        case 1: {
            sort(books.begin(), books.end(), [](const Book& a, const Book& b) { return a.ISBN < b.ISBN; });
            break;
        }
        case 2: {
            sort(books.begin(), books.end(), [](const Book& a, const Book& b) { return a.bookName < b.bookName; });
            break;
        }
        default: {
            cout << "无效的选项！" << endl;
            break;
        }
    }

    cout << "排序成功！" << endl;
}

最后是文件的读取和保存功能：

void Library::loadFromFile() {
    ifstream fin("library.txt");
    if (!fin.is_open()) {
        cout << "文件不存在！" << endl;
        return;
    }

    books.clear();
    bookTypes.clear();

    int bookCount, typeCount;
    fin >> bookCount >> typeCount;

    // 读取图书类型
    for (int i = 0; i < typeCount; i++) {
        string typeName;
        int days;
        fin >> typeName >> days;
        BookType type(typeName, days);
        bookTypes.push_back(type);
    }

    // 读取图书信息
    for (int i = 0; i < bookCount; i++) {
        string bookName, author, ISBN, typeName;
        double price;
        int typeIndex;
        fin >> bookName >> author >> ISBN >> price >> typeIndex;
        BookType type = bookTypes[typeIndex];
        Book book(bookName, author, ISBN, price, type);
        books.push_back(book);
    }

    fin.close();
    cout << "读取成功！" << endl;
}

void Library::saveToFile() {
    ofstream fout("library.txt");
    int bookCount = books.size();
    int typeCount = bookTypes.size();

    // 写入图书类型
    fout << bookCount << " " << typeCount << endl;
    for (auto& type : bookTypes) {
        fout << type.typeName << " " << type.days << endl;
    }

    // 写入图书信息
    for (auto& book : books) {
        int typeIndex = find(bookTypes.begin(), bookTypes.end(), book.type) - bookTypes.begin();
        fout << book.bookName << " " << book.author << " " << book.ISBN << " " << book.price << " " << typeIndex << endl;
    }

    fout.close();
    cout << "保存成功！" << endl;
}

完整的代码如下：