pyqt5 嵌入 matplotlib
时间: 2023-12-21 09:31:06 浏览: 132
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在PyQt5中嵌入Matplotlib可以通过以下步骤实现:
1. 导入所需的模块:
```python
from PyQt5 import QtWidgets
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt5agg import FigureCanvasQTAgg as FigureCanvas
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
```
2. 创建一个继承自QtWidgets.QMainWindow的主窗口类:
```python
class MainWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.setWindowTitle("PyQt5嵌入Matplotlib")
self.setGeometry(100, 100, 800, 600)
```
3. 在主窗口类的初始化方法中创建一个Matplotlib的画布对象,并将其添加到主窗口中:
```python
class MainWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.setWindowTitle("PyQt5嵌入Matplotlib")
self.setGeometry(100, 100, 800, 600)
# 创建Matplotlib的画布对象
self.canvas = FigureCanvas(Figure())
# 将画布添加到主窗口中
self.setCentralWidget(self.canvas)
```
4. 在主窗口类中添加一个绘图方法,用于在Matplotlib画布上绘制图形:
```python
class MainWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.setWindowTitle("PyQt5嵌入Matplotlib")
self.setGeometry(100, 100, 800, 600)
# 创建Matplotlib的画布对象
self.canvas = FigureCanvas(Figure())
# 将画布添加到主窗口中
self.setCentralWidget(self.canvas)
def plot(self):
# 在画布上绘制图形
fig = self.canvas.figure
ax = fig.add_subplot(111)
ax.plot([1, 2, 3, 4, 5], [1, 4, 9, 16, 25])
# 更新画布
self.canvas.draw()
```
5. 在主窗口类中重写showEvent方法,用于在窗口显示时调用绘图方法:
```python
class MainWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.setWindowTitle("PyQt5嵌入Matplotlib")
self.setGeometry(100, 100, 800, 600)
# 创建Matplotlib的画布对象
self.canvas = FigureCanvas(Figure())
# 将画布添加到主窗口中
self.setCentralWidget(self.canvas)
def plot(self):
# 在画布上绘制图形
fig = self.canvas.figure
ax = fig.add_subplot(111)
ax.plot([1, 2, 3, 4, 5], [1, 4, 9, 16, 25])
# 更新画布
self.canvas.draw()
def showEvent(self, event):
# 在窗口显示时调用绘图方法
self.plot()
```
6. 创建一个应用程序对象,并显示主窗口:
```python
import sys
app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
window = MainWindow()
window.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
```
这样就可以在PyQt5的UI中嵌入Matplotlib了。
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