用python提取log中的指定内容到表格中

假设log文件的格式如下：

2022-01-01 08:00:01 INFO: Starting process A
2022-01-01 08:00:02 ERROR: Process A encountered an error
2022-01-01 08:00:03 INFO: Starting process B
2022-01-01 08:00:04 INFO: Process B completed successfully
2022-01-01 08:00:05 INFO: Starting process C
2022-01-01 08:00:06 ERROR: Process C encountered an error

我们想要提取出所有的process及其状态（如上述log中的A、B、C以及它们的状态），并将它们存储到一个表格中。可以按照以下步骤进行：

1. 读取log文件，并将每一行的内容拆分成日期、时间、状态和process四个部分。这里使用split()函数进行拆分。

log_file = open('log.txt', 'r')
rows = []
for line in log_file:
    date, time, status, process = line.strip().split(' ')
    rows.append([date, time, status, process])
log_file.close()

2. 对所有的process进行去重，并根据process生成表格的列名。

# 去重
processes = list(set([row[3] for row in rows]))

# 生成表格的列名
table = [['Date', 'Time'] + processes]

# 将每个process的状态填入表格中
for row in rows:
    date, time, status, process = row
    if not any([date == t[0] and time == t[1] for t in table]):
        table.append([date, time] + ['-' for _ in range(len(processes))])
    index = processes.index(process)
    table[-1][index+2] = status

3. 将表格输出到文件中。

with open('output.csv', 'w') as f:
    for row in table:
        f.write(','.join(row) + '\n')

完整代码：

log_file = open('log.txt', 'r')
rows = []
for line in log_file:
    date, time, status, process = line.strip().split(' ')
    rows.append([date, time, status, process])
log_file.close()

# 去重
processes = list(set([row[3] for row in rows]))

# 生成表格的列名
table = [['Date', 'Time'] + processes]

# 将每个process的状态填入表格中
for row in rows:
    date, time, status, process = row
    if not any([date == t[0] and time == t[1] for t in table]):
        table.append([date, time] + ['-' for _ in range(len(processes))])
    index = processes.index(process)
    table[-1][index+2] = status

# 输出表格
with open('output.csv', 'w') as f:
    for row in table:
        f.write(','.join(row) + '\n')