STM32初始化串口3控制HC-05蓝牙模块进行通信

下面是使用HAL库初始化串口3控制HC-05蓝牙模块进行通信的基本步骤：

1. 配置串口3的GPIO引脚

__HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE();  //使能GPIOB时钟

GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};

GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_10;
GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_AF_PP;
GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_HIGH;
GPIO_InitStruct.Alternate = GPIO_AF7_USART3;
HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStruct);

GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_11;
GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_AF_PP;
GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_PULLUP;
GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_HIGH;
GPIO_InitStruct.Alternate = GPIO_AF7_USART3;
HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStruct);

2. 配置串口3

__HAL_RCC_USART3_CLK_ENABLE();  //使能USART3时钟

huart3.Instance = USART3;
huart3.Init.BaudRate = 9600;
huart3.Init.WordLength = UART_WORDLENGTH_8B;
huart3.Init.StopBits = UART_STOPBITS_1;
huart3.Init.Parity = UART_PARITY_NONE;
huart3.Init.Mode = UART_MODE_TX_RX;
huart3.Init.HwFlowCtl = UART_HWCONTROL_NONE;
huart3.Init.OverSampling = UART_OVERSAMPLING_16;
if (HAL_UART_Init(&huart3) != HAL_OK)
{
    Error_Handler();
}

3. 发送AT指令给HC-05蓝牙模块，设置蓝牙模块参数

uint8_t tx_buffer[64] = {0};
uint8_t rx_buffer[64] = {0};

// 设置HC-05蓝牙模块为透传模式
sprintf((char*)tx_buffer, "AT+MODE0\r\n");
HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart3, tx_buffer, strlen((char*)tx_buffer), 1000);

// 设置HC-05蓝牙模块的波特率为9600
sprintf((char*)tx_buffer, "AT+UART=9600,0,0\r\n");
HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart3, tx_buffer, strlen((char*)tx_buffer), 1000);
HAL_UART_Receive(&huart3, rx_buffer, sizeof(rx_buffer), 1000);

4. 发送和接收数据

// 发送数据
uint8_t tx_data[10] = {0x55, 0xAA, 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x07, 0x08};
HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart3, tx_data, sizeof(tx_data), 1000);

// 接收数据
uint8_t rx_data[10] = {0};
HAL_UART_Receive(&huart3, rx_data, sizeof(rx_data), 1000);

上述代码只是基本示例，具体的配置和发送、接收数据的方式还需要根据实际情况进行调整。