给定一个由n个正整数组成的序列 { a 1 , a 2 , . . . , a n a 1 ,a 2 , ... ,a n }。 m次询问区间[l,r]的异或和;代码
时间: 2024-10-05 22:00:46 浏览: 155
为了处理这个问题,我们可以使用前缀异或(XOR)的概念。前缀异或可以帮助我们快速计算任意子数组的异或和。具体步骤如下:
1. 初始化一个变量 `prefixSum` 存储整个序列的异或值。
2. 遍历数组 `arr`,对于每个元素 `a[i]`,更新 `prefixSum` 为 `prefixSum XOR a[i]`。这相当于对当前元素进行异或操作,因为异或具有结合律和分配律。
3. 对于每次询问 `[l, r]`,你需要找到从下标 `0` 到 `r` 的前缀异或值,然后从这个值中减去从下标 `0` 到 `l - 1` 的前缀异或值。这可以通过两次前缀异或操作完成,即 `prefixSum[l-1] XOR prefixSum[r]`。
以下是一个简单的 C++ 代码实现:
```cpp
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
// 前缀异或求和
int xorSum(const std::vector<int>& arr, int l, int r) {
// 初始化前缀异或
int prefixSum = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < arr.size(); ++i) {
prefixSum ^= arr[i];
}
// 计算区间 [l, r] 的异或和
return (l == 0 ? prefixSum : prefixSum ^ arr[l - 1]) ^ prefixSum[r];
}
int main() {
int n, m;
std::cout << "Enter the number of elements in the array: ";
std::cin >> n;
std::vector<int> arr(n);
std::cout << "Enter the elements of the array: ";
for (int& element : arr) {
std::cin >> element;
}
std::cout << "Enter the number of queries: ";
std::cin >> m;
std::vector<int> queries(m);
for (int i = 0; i < m; ++i) {
std::cout << "Enter query indices for the " << (i + 1) << "-th query: ";
std::cin >> queries[i];
}
for (int query : queries) {
int l = query / 2, r = query % 2 ? query : query + 1; // 注意这里假设询问格式为单个数或两个连续数
int result = xorSum(arr, l, r);
std::cout << "The XOR sum of elements between [" << l << ", " << r << "] is: " << result << "\n";
}
return 0;
}
```
在这个代码中,`xorSum` 函数用于计算指定范围内的异或和。注意,由于查询可能包含一个元素(表示上半部分)或两个连续元素(表示下半部分),所以在读取查询时要根据奇偶性分别处理。
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