面向过程用akshare,gym写出股票强化学习代码

好的，这里提供一个简单的股票强化学习代码示例，使用到了akshare和gym两个库。该代码使用的是Q-Learning算法，仅供参考。

首先需要安装一下akshare和gym库：

!pip install akshare gym

代码如下：

import akshare as ak
import gym
from gym import spaces
import numpy as np

# 获取股票数据
stock_zh_a_daily = ak.stock_zh_a_daily(symbol="sh600000", adjust="qfq")

# 定义股票强化学习环境
class StockEnv(gym.Env):
    metadata = {'render.modes': ['human']}

    def __init__(self, data, window_size=10):
        super(StockEnv, self).__init__()
        self.data = data
        self.window_size = window_size
        self.action_space = spaces.Discrete(2)
        self.observation_space = spaces.Box(low=0, high=1, shape=(6, window_size + 1), dtype=np.float32)

    def _next_observation(self):
        obs = np.array([
            self.data.loc[self.current_step: self.current_step + self.window_size, 'open'].values / 1000,
            self.data.loc[self.current_step: self.current_step + self.window_size, 'high'].values / 1000,
            self.data.loc[self.current_step: self.current_step + self.window_size, 'low'].values / 1000,
            self.data.loc[self.current_step: self.current_step + self.window_size, 'close'].values / 1000,
            self.data.loc[self.current_step: self.current_step + self.window_size, 'volume'].values / 1000000,
            self.data.loc[self.current_step: self.current_step + self.window_size, 'amount'].values / 100000000,
        ])
        return obs

    def reset(self):
        self.current_step = 0
        self.profit = 0
        self.buy_price = 0
        self.sell_price = 0
        return self._next_observation()

    def step(self, action):
        if action == 0:
            # 不买入
            self.sell_price = 0
            reward = 0
        elif action == 1:
            # 买入
            self.buy_price = self.data.loc[self.current_step, 'open']
            self.sell_price = 0
            reward = 0
        elif action == 2 and self.buy_price > 0:
            # 卖出
            self.sell_price = self.data.loc[self.current_step, 'open']
            self.profit = (self.sell_price - self.buy_price) / self.buy_price
            reward = self.profit
            self.buy_price = 0

        done = False
        if self.current_step == len(self.data) - 1:
            done = True

        obs = self._next_observation()
        self.current_step += 1

        return obs, reward, done, {}

    def render(self, mode='human', close=False):
        profit = (self.sell_price - self.buy_price) / self.buy_price
        print(f'step: {self.current_step} profit: {profit:0.2%}')
        
# 定义Q-Learning算法
class QLearningAgent:
    def __init__(self, env, learning_rate=0.1, discount_rate=0.99, exploration_rate=1.0, max_exploration_rate=1.0, min_exploration_rate=0.01, exploration_decay_rate=0.001):
        self.env = env
        self.learning_rate = learning_rate
        self.discount_rate = discount_rate
        self.exploration_rate = exploration_rate
        self.max_exploration_rate = max_exploration_rate
        self.min_exploration_rate = min_exploration_rate
        self.exploration_decay_rate = exploration_decay_rate
        self.q_table = np.zeros((6, env.window_size + 1, env.action_space.n))

    def choose_action(self, observation):
        if np.random.uniform(0, 1) < self.exploration_rate:
            action = self.env.action_space.sample()
        else:
            action = np.argmax(self.q_table[observation])

        return action

    def learn(self, observation, action, reward, next_observation):
        old_value = self.q_table[observation][action]
        next_max = np.max(self.q_table[next_observation])
        new_value = (1 - self.learning_rate) * old_value + self.learning_rate * (reward + self.discount_rate * next_max)
        self.q_table[observation][action] = new_value

    def decay_exploration_rate(self, episode):
        self.exploration_rate = self.min_exploration_rate + (self.max_exploration_rate - self.min_exploration_rate) * np.exp(-self.exploration_decay_rate * episode)

# 训练股票强化学习
env = StockEnv(stock_zh_a_daily)
agent = QLearningAgent(env)
for episode in range(1, 10001):
    observation = env.reset()
    done = False
    while not done:
        action = agent.choose_action(observation)
        next_observation, reward, done, info = env.step(action)
        agent.learn(observation, action, reward, next_observation)
        observation = next_observation
        agent.decay_exploration_rate(episode)
    if episode % 100 == 0:
        print(f'episode: {episode}')
env.render()

注意：这里只是提供了一个简单的示例代码，实际应用中还需要进行更多的优化和改进，比如修改强化学习算法、调整参数等。