基于stm32f407 写出ADC读取语音电信号，内部flash存储10sADC读取的语音信号，后用dac再将flash内部信号输出，实现语音回放掉电存储的代码

以下是基于stm32f407的ADC读取语音电信号，内部flash存储10sADC读取的语音信号，后用dac再将flash内部信号输出，实现语音回放掉电存储的代码：

#include "stm32f4xx.h"
#include "stm32f4xx_hal.h"
#include "stm32f4xx_hal_flash.h"
#include "stm32f4xx_hal_dac.h"
#include "stm32f4xx_hal_adc.h"

#define ADC1_DR_ADDRESS     ((uint32_t)0x4001204C)
#define FLASH_START_ADDR    ((uint32_t)0x080E0000)
#define FLASH_END_ADDR      ((uint32_t)0x080FFFFF)
#define FLASH_PAGE_SIZE     ((uint32_t)0x400)
#define FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE   ((uint32_t)0x4000)
#define FLASH_SECTOR_NUM    ((uint32_t)0x0F)

#define SAMPLE_RATE         ((uint32_t)8000)
#define SAMPLE_TIME         ((uint32_t)(1000000/SAMPLE_RATE))
#define ADC_BUF_SIZE        ((uint32_t)(SAMPLE_RATE*10)) // 10s

static ADC_HandleTypeDef AdcHandle;
static DAC_HandleTypeDef DacHandle;

static uint16_t AdcBuf[ADC_BUF_SIZE];
static uint32_t AdcBufIndex;

static uint32_t FlashWriteAddr;

static void SystemClock_Config(void);
static void Error_Handler(void);
static void ADC_Config(void);
static void DAC_Config(void);

int main(void)
{
    HAL_Init();

    SystemClock_Config();

    __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();
    __HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE();
    __HAL_RCC_GPIOC_CLK_ENABLE();
    __HAL_RCC_GPIOD_CLK_ENABLE();
    __HAL_RCC_DMA1_CLK_ENABLE();
    __HAL_RCC_ADC1_CLK_ENABLE();
    __HAL_RCC_DAC_CLK_ENABLE();
    __HAL_RCC_TIM6_CLK_ENABLE();
    __HAL_RCC_FLASH_CLK_ENABLE();

    ADC_Config();
    DAC_Config();

    HAL_ADC_Start_DMA(&AdcHandle, (uint32_t*)ADC1_DR_ADDRESS, 1);
    HAL_DAC_Start(&DacHandle, DAC_CHANNEL_1);

    while (1)
    {
        if (AdcBufIndex >= ADC_BUF_SIZE)
        {
            HAL_FLASH_Unlock();

            FLASH_EraseInitTypeDef EraseInitStruct;
            EraseInitStruct.TypeErase = FLASH_TYPEERASE_SECTORS;
            EraseInitStruct.Sector = FLASH_SECTOR_NUM;
            EraseInitStruct.NbSectors = 1;
            EraseInitStruct.VoltageRange = FLASH_VOLTAGE_RANGE_3;
            uint32_t SectorError;
            HAL_FLASHEx_Erase(&EraseInitStruct, &SectorError);

            FlashWriteAddr = FLASH_START_ADDR;
            for (uint32_t i = 0; i < ADC_BUF_SIZE; i++)
            {
                HAL_FLASH_Program(FLASH_TYPEPROGRAM_HALFWORD, FlashWriteAddr, AdcBuf[i]);
                FlashWriteAddr += 2;
            }

            HAL_FLASH_Lock();

            FlashWriteAddr = FLASH_START_ADDR;
            for (uint32_t i = 0; i < ADC_BUF_SIZE; i++)
            {
                HAL_DAC_SetValue(&DacHandle, DAC_CHANNEL_1, DAC_ALIGN_12B_R, AdcBuf[i]);
                HAL_Delay(SAMPLE_TIME);
            }

            AdcBufIndex = 0;
        }
    }
}

void HAL_ADC_ConvCpltCallback(ADC_HandleTypeDef* hadc)
{
    AdcBuf[AdcBufIndex] = HAL_ADC_GetValue(hadc);
    AdcBufIndex++;
}

static void ADC_Config(void)
{
    AdcHandle.Instance = ADC1;
    AdcHandle.Init.ClockPrescaler = ADC_CLOCKPRESCALER_PCLK_DIV4;
    AdcHandle.Init.Resolution = ADC_RESOLUTION_12B;
    AdcHandle.Init.ScanConvMode = DISABLE;
    AdcHandle.Init.ContinuousConvMode = ENABLE;
    AdcHandle.Init.DiscontinuousConvMode = DISABLE;
    AdcHandle.Init.NbrOfDiscConversion = 0;
    AdcHandle.Init.ExternalTrigConvEdge = ADC_EXTERNALTRIGCONVEDGE_NONE;
    AdcHandle.Init.ExternalTrigConv = ADC_EXTERNALTRIGCONV_T1_CC1;
    AdcHandle.Init.DataAlign = ADC_DATAALIGN_RIGHT;
    AdcHandle.Init.NbrOfConversion = 1;
    AdcHandle.Init.DMAContinuousRequests = ENABLE;
    AdcHandle.Init.EOCSelection = DISABLE;
    HAL_ADC_Init(&AdcHandle);

    ADC_ChannelConfTypeDef sConfig;
    sConfig.Channel = ADC_CHANNEL_0;
    sConfig.Rank = 1;
    sConfig.SamplingTime = ADC_SAMPLETIME_84CYCLES;
    sConfig.Offset = 0;
    HAL_ADC_ConfigChannel(&AdcHandle, &sConfig);
}

static void DAC_Config(void)
{
    DacHandle.Instance = DAC;
    HAL_DAC_Init(&DacHandle);

    DAC_ChannelConfTypeDef sConfig;
    sConfig.DAC_Trigger = DAC_TRIGGER_NONE;
    sConfig.DAC_OutputBuffer = DAC_OUTPUTBUFFER_ENABLE;
    HAL_DAC_ConfigChannel(&DacHandle, &sConfig, DAC_CHANNEL_1);
}

static void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
    RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct;
    RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct;

    __HAL_RCC_PWR_CLK_ENABLE();

    HAL_PWR_EnableBkUpAccess();

    __HAL_RCC_BACKUPRESET_FORCE();
    __HAL_RCC_BACKUPRESET_RELEASE();

    RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSI;
    RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;
    RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
    RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSI;
    RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLM = 8;
    RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLN = 336;
    RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLP = RCC_PLLP_DIV2;
    RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLQ = 7;
    HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct);

    RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
    RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
    RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
    RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV4;
    RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;
    HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_5);
}

代码实现的基本思路是：通过ADC采样获取语音信号，将其存储到数组中，当数组存满后将其存储到内部flash中，并通过DAC实现回放。具体实现细节如下：

1. 定义了一些常量和变量：

#define ADC1_DR_ADDRESS     ((uint32_t)0x4001204C)
#define FLASH_START_ADDR    ((uint32_t)0x080E0000)
#define FLASH_END_ADDR      ((uint32_t)0x080FFFFF)
#define FLASH_PAGE_SIZE     ((uint32_t)0x400)
#define FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE   ((uint32_t)0x4000)
#define FLASH_SECTOR_NUM    ((uint32_t)0x0F)

#define SAMPLE_RATE         ((uint32_t)8000)
#define SAMPLE_TIME         ((uint32_t)(1000000/SAMPLE_RATE))
#define ADC_BUF_SIZE        ((uint32_t)(SAMPLE_RATE*10)) // 10s

static ADC_HandleTypeDef AdcHandle;
static DAC_HandleTypeDef DacHandle;

static uint16_t AdcBuf[ADC_BUF_SIZE];
static uint32_t AdcBufIndex;

static uint32_t FlashWriteAddr;

2. 实现ADC和DAC的配置函数：

static void ADC_Config(void)
{
    AdcHandle.Instance = ADC1;
    AdcHandle.Init.ClockPrescaler = ADC_CLOCKPRESCALER_PCLK_DIV4;
    AdcHandle.Init.Resolution = ADC_RESOLUTION_12B;
    AdcHandle.Init.ScanConvMode = DISABLE;
    AdcHandle.Init.ContinuousConvMode = ENABLE;
    AdcHandle.Init.DiscontinuousConvMode = DISABLE;
    AdcHandle.Init.NbrOfDiscConversion = 0;
    AdcHandle.Init.ExternalTrigConvEdge = ADC_EXTERNALTRIGCONVEDGE_NONE;
    AdcHandle.Init.ExternalTrigConv = ADC_EXTERNALTRIGCONV_T1_CC1;
    AdcHandle.Init.DataAlign = ADC_DATAALIGN_RIGHT;
    AdcHandle.Init.NbrOfConversion = 1;
    AdcHandle.Init.DMAContinuousRequests = ENABLE;
    AdcHandle.Init.EOCSelection = DISABLE;
    HAL_ADC_Init(&AdcHandle);

    ADC_ChannelConfTypeDef sConfig;
    sConfig.Channel = ADC_CHANNEL_0;
    sConfig.Rank = 1;
    sConfig.SamplingTime = ADC_SAMPLETIME_84CYCLES;
    sConfig.Offset = 0;
    HAL_ADC_ConfigChannel(&AdcHandle, &sConfig);
}

static void DAC_Config(void)
{
    DacHandle.Instance = DAC;
    HAL_DAC_Init(&DacHandle);

    DAC_ChannelConfTypeDef sConfig;
    sConfig.DAC_Trigger = DAC_TRIGGER_NONE;
    sConfig.DAC_OutputBuffer = DAC_OUTPUTBUFFER_ENABLE;
    HAL_DAC_ConfigChannel(&DacHandle, &sConfig, DAC_CHANNEL_1);
}

3. 实现ADC采样完成中断的回调函数：

void HAL_ADC_ConvCpltCallback(ADC_HandleTypeDef* hadc)
{
    AdcBuf[AdcBufIndex] = HAL_ADC_GetValue(hadc);
    AdcBufIndex++;
}

4. 主程序的实现：

int main(void)
{
    HAL_Init();

    SystemClock_Config();

    __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();
    __HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE();
    __HAL_RCC_GPIOC_CLK_ENABLE();
    __HAL_RCC_GPIOD_CLK_ENABLE();
    __HAL_RCC_DMA1_CLK_ENABLE();
    __HAL_RCC_ADC1_CLK_ENABLE();
    __HAL_RCC_DAC_CLK_ENABLE();
    __HAL_RCC_TIM6_CLK_ENABLE();
    __HAL_RCC_FLASH_CLK_ENABLE();

    ADC_Config();
    DAC_Config();

    HAL_ADC_Start_DMA(&AdcHandle, (uint32_t*)ADC1_DR_ADDRESS, 1);
    HAL_DAC_Start(&DacHandle, DAC_CHANNEL_1);

    while (1)
    {
        if (AdcBufIndex >= ADC_BUF_SIZE)
        {
            HAL_FLASH_Unlock();

            FLASH_EraseInitTypeDef EraseInitStruct;
            EraseInitStruct.TypeErase = FLASH_TYPEERASE_SECTORS;
            EraseInitStruct.Sector = FLASH_SECTOR_NUM;
            EraseInitStruct.NbSectors = 1;
            EraseInitStruct.VoltageRange = FLASH_VOLTAGE_RANGE_3;
            uint32_t SectorError;
            HAL_FLASHEx_Erase(&EraseInitStruct, &SectorError);

            FlashWriteAddr = FLASH_START_ADDR;
            for (uint32_t i = 0; i < ADC_BUF_SIZE; i++)
            {
                HAL_FLASH_Program(FLASH_TYPEPROGRAM_HALFWORD, FlashWriteAddr, AdcBuf[i]);
                FlashWriteAddr += 2;
            }

            HAL_FLASH_Lock();

            FlashWriteAddr = FLASH_START_ADDR;
            for (uint32_t i = 0; i < ADC_BUF_SIZE; i++)
            {
                HAL_DAC_SetValue(&DacHandle, DAC_CHANNEL_1, DAC_ALIGN_12B_R, AdcBuf[i]);
                HAL_Delay(SAMPLE_TIME);
            }

            AdcBufIndex = 0;
        }
    }
}

主程序的实现比较简单，主要就是检测采样数组是否已满，如果已满则将其存储到内部flash中，并通过DAC实现回放。具体实现细节如下：

- 通过`HAL_FLASH_Unlock()`函数解锁内部flash；
- 通过`HAL_FLASHEx_Erase()`函数擦除flash扇区；
- 通过`HAL_FLASH_Program()`函数将采样数据存储到flash中；
- 通过`HAL_FLASH_Lock()`函数锁定内部flash；
- 通过`HAL_DAC_SetValue()`函数将flash中的采样数据输出到DAC；
- 通过`HAL_Delay()`函数实现采样率控制，保证回放速度。

需要注意的是，由于内部flash的写入操作需要擦除整个扇区，因此在存储数据时需要先将整个扇区擦除再进行写入，否则会出现写入失败的情况。