mnist pytorch 示例

好的，以下是一个基于PyTorch的MNIST示例代码：

import torch
import torch.nn as nn
import torch.optim as optim
import torchvision.datasets as datasets
import torchvision.transforms as transforms

# 定义超参数
batch_size = 64
learning_rate = 0.01
num_epochs = 10

# 加载MNIST数据集
train_dataset = datasets.MNIST(root='./data', train=True, transform=transforms.ToTensor(), download=True)
test_dataset = datasets.MNIST(root='./data', train=False, transform=transforms.ToTensor())

# 创建数据加载器
train_loader = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(dataset=train_dataset, batch_size=batch_size, shuffle=True)
test_loader = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(dataset=test_dataset, batch_size=batch_size, shuffle=False)

# 定义模型结构
class Net(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self):
        super(Net, self).__init__()
        self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(1, 32, kernel_size=5)
        self.conv2 = nn.Conv2d(32, 64, kernel_size=5)
        self.fc1 = nn.Linear(1024, 128)
        self.fc2 = nn.Linear(128, 10)

    def forward(self, x):
        x = nn.functional.relu(self.conv1(x))
        x = nn.functional.max_pool2d(x, 2)
        x = nn.functional.relu(self.conv2(x))
        x = nn.functional.max_pool2d(x, 2)
        x = x.view(-1, 1024)
        x = nn.functional.relu(self.fc1(x))
        x = self.fc2(x)
        return x

# 创建模型实例
model = Net()

# 定义损失函数和优化器
criterion = nn.CrossEntropyLoss()
optimizer = optim.SGD(model.parameters(), lr=learning_rate)

# 训练模型
for epoch in range(num_epochs):
    for i, (images, labels) in enumerate(train_loader):
        # 前向传播
        outputs = model(images)
        loss = criterion(outputs, labels)

        # 反向传播和优化
        optimizer.zero_grad()
        loss.backward()
        optimizer.step()

        # 每100个batch打印一次日志
        if (i+1) % 100 == 0:
            print ('Epoch [{}/{}], Step [{}/{}], Loss: {:.4f}'
                   .format(epoch+1, num_epochs, i+1, len(train_loader), loss.item()))

# 测试模型
with torch.no_grad():
    correct = 0
    total = 0
    for images, labels in test_loader:
        outputs = model(images)
        _, predicted = torch.max(outputs.data, 1)
        total += labels.size(0)
        correct += (predicted == labels).sum().item()

    print('Accuracy of the model on the 10000 test images: {} %'.format(100 * correct / total))

这个示例中，我们首先加载MNIST数据集，然后创建数据加载器。接着我们定义了一个包含两个卷积层和两个全连接层的神经网络模型，然后定义了损失函数和优化器。在训练过程中，我们对模型进行前向传播、反向传播和参数更新，并且打印了损失值。最后，我们在测试集上评估了模型的准确率。