利用链式线性表设计函数求一元多项式的导数的代码
时间: 2024-10-20 09:12:19 浏览: 21
为了利用链式线性表设计一个求一元多项式导数的函数,我们可以创建一个节点类表示多项式的项,包含系数和指数两个属性。然后,我们构建一个链表结构来存储这些节点,其中链表的头节点代表常数项,后面的节点按降序排列(即高次项在前)。对于导数,我们需要对每个非零的系数乘以其对应的指数减一。
以下是 Python 的一个简单实现:
```python
class TermNode:
def __init__(self, coefficient, exponent):
self.coefficient = coefficient
self.exponent = exponent
self.next = None
class PolynomialChain:
def __init__(self):
self.head = None
def add_term(self, coefficient, exponent):
if not self.head:
self.head = TermNode(coefficient, exponent)
else:
current = self.head
while current.next and current.next.exponent > exponent:
current = current.next
new_node = TermNode(coefficient, exponent)
new_node.next = current.next
current.next = new_node
def differentiate(self):
new_chain = PolynomialChain()
current = self.head
while current:
if current.coefficient != 0:
new_coefficient = current.coefficient * current.exponent
if current.exponent > 1:
new_coefficient *= -1 # 对于x^n,n>1时系数变为-n
if new_coefficient != 0:
new_chain.add_term(new_coefficient, current.exponent - 1)
current = current.next
return new_chain
# 使用示例
polynomial = PolynomialChain()
polynomial.add_term(3, 2) # 3x^2
polynomial.add_term(4, 1) # 4x
polynomial.add_term(1, 0) # 常数项1
derivative_chain = polynomial.differentiate()
```
在这个例子中,`PolynomialChain` 类负责维护多项式链表,并提供 `add_term` 添加项和 `differentiate` 求导数的功能。导数链表会按照同样的顺序保存导数项。
阅读全文