Mac cstring char
时间: 2023-10-08 22:11:28 浏览: 33
在Mac平台上,cstring和char都是C++语言中的字符串类型。
cstring是C++标准库中的字符串类型,它是一个字符数组,其中最后一个字符为null字符('\0'),表示字符串的结束。通过cstring,我们可以使用一系列的字符串操作函数来对字符串进行处理,例如strlen()、strcpy()、strcat()等。
char也是一个字符类型,但可以作为一个字符串类型使用。我们可以定义一个char类型的数组来表示一个字符串,例如char str[] = "hello world";。但是需要注意的是,和cstring不同的是,char类型的字符串没有自带的字符串操作函数,需要手动编写代码来对字符串进行操作。
需要注意的是,在使用cstring或者char类型的字符串时,由于它们是字符数组,因此需要在定义时为其分配足够的存储空间,否则会导致内存溢出或者访问非法内存。
相关问题
#include <iostream> #include <cstdio> #include <cstring> using namespace std; const char* Haab_month_name[] = {"pop", "no", "zip", "zotz", "tzec", "xul", "yoxkin", "mol", "chen", "yax", "zac", "ceh", "mac", "kankin", "muan", "pax", "koyab", "cumhu", "uayet"}; int Tzolkin_day_number[20] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7}; const char *Tzolkin_day_name[] = {"imix", "ik", "akbal", "kan", "chicchan", "cimi", "manik", "lamat", "muluk", "ok", "chuen", "eb", "ben", "ix", "mem", "cib", "caban", "eznab", "canac", "ahau"}; struct Date { int day; int month; int year; }; // 把哈布历转换成天数 int haab_to_days(int day, const char* month, int year) { int total_days = day + (year * 365); int month_index; for (month_index = 0; month_index < 19; ++month_index) { if (strcmp(Haab_month_name[month_index], month) == 0) { break; } } total_days += month_index * 20; return total_days; } // 把天数转换成托尔金历 void days_to_tzolkin(int total_days, int* day_number, const char** day_name) { int tzolkin_day_count = total_days % 13; int tzolkin_day_index = tzolkin_day_count - 1; if (tzolkin_day_index < 0) tzolkin_day_index = 12; int tzolkin_day_number = Tzolkin_day_number[tzolkin_day_index]; const char *tzolkin_day_name = Tzolkin_day_name[(total_days % 20)]; *day_number = tzolkin_day_number; *day_name = tzolkin_day_name; } int main() { int N; cin >> N; cout << N << endl; for (int i = 0; i < N; ++i) { Date date; char dot; scanf("%d%c%d%s%d", &date.day, &dot, &date.month, Haab_month_name, &date.year); int total_days = haab_to_days(date.day, Haab_month_name, date.year); int tzolkin_day_number; const char *tzolkin_day_name; days_to_tzolkin(total_days, &tzolkin_day_number, &tzolkin_day_name); printf("%d %s %d\n", tzolkin_day_number, tzolkin_day_name, date.year); } return 0; }
这是一个使用 C++ 编写的程序,用于将 Maya 文化中的哈布历转换为托尔金历。程序主要包括以下几个部分:
1. 头文件和命名空间声明
```
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
using namespace std;
```
2. 定义哈布月份和托尔金日期的名称和数字
```
const char* Haab_month_name[] = {"pop", "no", "zip", "zotz", "tzec",
"xul", "yoxkin", "mol", "chen", "yax",
"zac", "ceh", "mac", "kankin", "muan",
"pax", "koyab", "cumhu", "uayet"};
int Tzolkin_day_number[20] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10,
11, 12, 13, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7};
const char *Tzolkin_day_name[] = {"imix", "ik", "akbal", "kan", "chicchan",
"cimi", "manik", "lamat", "muluk", "ok",
"chuen", "eb", "ben", "ix", "mem", "cib",
"caban", "eznab", "canac", "ahau"};
```
3. 定义一个日期结构体
```
struct Date {
int day;
int month;
int year;
};
```
4. 把哈布历转换成天数
```
int haab_to_days(int day, const char* month, int year) {
int total_days = day + (year * 365);
int month_index;
for (month_index = 0; month_index < 19; ++month_index) {
if (strcmp(Haab_month_name[month_index], month) == 0) {
break;
}
}
total_days += month_index * 20;
return total_days;
}
```
5. 把天数转换成托尔金历
```
void days_to_tzolkin(int total_days, int* day_number, const char** day_name) {
int tzolkin_day_count = total_days % 13;
int tzolkin_day_index = tzolkin_day_count - 1;
if (tzolkin_day_index < 0)
tzolkin_day_index = 12;
int tzolkin_day_number = Tzolkin_day_number[tzolkin_day_index];
const char *tzolkin_day_name = Tzolkin_day_name[(total_days % 20)];
*day_number = tzolkin_day_number;
*day_name = tzolkin_day_name;
}
```
6. 主函数,用于读取输入、调用转换函数、并输出结果
```
int main() {
int N;
cin >> N;
cout << N << endl;
for (int i = 0; i < N; ++i) {
Date date;
char dot;
scanf("%d%c%d%s%d", &date.day, &dot, &date.month,
Haab_month_name, &date.year);
int total_days = haab_to_days(date.day, Haab_month_name, date.year);
int tzolkin_day_number;
const char *tzolkin_day_name;
days_to_tzolkin(total_days, &tzolkin_day_number, &tzolkin_day_name);
printf("%d %s %d\n", tzolkin_day_number,
tzolkin_day_name, date.year);
}
return 0;
}
```
以上就是这个程序的主要内容和流程。
c++ 获取ip与mac对应关系
在C++中,获取IP与MAC对应关系需要使用操作系统提供的网络编程接口。下面是一个使用C++获取IP与MAC对应关系的示例代码:
```cpp
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <cstring>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <net/if.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <unistd.h>
std::string getMacAddress(const std::string& interface) {
int sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
if (sockfd == -1) {
std::cerr << "Failed to create socket" << std::endl;
return "";
}
struct ifreq ifr;
std::memset(&ifr, 0, sizeof(ifr));
std::strcpy(ifr.ifr_name, interface.c_str());
if (ioctl(sockfd, SIOCGIFHWADDR, &ifr) == -1) {
std::cerr << "Failed to get MAC address" << std::endl;
close(sockfd);
return "";
}
close(sockfd);
unsigned char macAddress[6];
std::memcpy(macAddress, ifr.ifr_hwaddr.sa_data, sizeof(macAddress));
std::string macStr;
char buf[3];
for (int i = 0; i < 6; ++i) {
std::sprintf(buf, "%02X", macAddress[i]);
macStr += std::string(buf);
if (i != 5)
macStr += ":";
}
return macStr;
}
std::string getIPAddress(const std::string& interface) {
int sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
if (sockfd == -1) {
std::cerr << "Failed to create socket" << std::endl;
return "";
}
struct ifreq ifr;
std::memset(&ifr, 0, sizeof(ifr));
std::strcpy(ifr.ifr_name, interface.c_str());
if (ioctl(sockfd, SIOCGIFADDR, &ifr) == -1) {
std::cerr << "Failed to get IP address" << std::endl;
close(sockfd);
return "";
}
close(sockfd);
struct sockaddr_in* addr = reinterpret_cast<struct sockaddr_in*>(&ifr.ifr_addr);
std::string ip = inet_ntoa(addr->sin_addr);
return ip;
}
int main() {
std::string interface = "eth0"; // 替换为你的网络接口名
std::string macAddress = getMacAddress(interface);
if (!macAddress.empty()) {
std::cout << "MAC address: " << macAddress << std::endl;
}
std::string ipAddress = getIPAddress(interface);
if (!ipAddress.empty()) {
std::cout << "IP address: " << ipAddress << std::endl;
}
return 0;
}
```
请注意,上述代码使用了Linux平台的系统调用和网络编程接口。在其他操作系统上,获取IP与MAC对应关系的方法可能会有所不同。
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