Study, construct and verify the operation of an SR latch (built using two NAND gates – see Figure 4), and then describe in your own words how an SR latch works . Your answer must also include a labelled schematic diagram of your SR latch. Note: Please make sure you indicate how different pins are connected.

Sure, I can help you with that. Here is a labelled schematic diagram of an SR latch built using two NAND gates:

    +-----+               +-----+
----|NAND1|---------------|     |
    +--+--+               |     |
       |SR|---------------|NAND2|
    +--+--+               |     |
----|NAND3|---------------|     |
    +-----+               +-----+

In this diagram, the inputs S (set) and R (reset) are connected to the two NAND gates. The output of NAND1 is connected to the input of NAND2, and the output of NAND2 is connected to the input of NAND3. The outputs of NAND1 and NAND3 are the complementary outputs Q and Q̅, respectively.

To understand how an SR latch works, let's consider the following scenarios:

1. When S=0 and R=0: Both inputs of NAND1 and NAND3 are high, which means their outputs are low. This makes the input of NAND2 high, which in turn makes its output low. This maintains the previous state of the latch, and both Q and Q̅ remain unchanged.

2. When S=1 and R=0: The high input of NAND1 makes its output low, which sets the input of NAND2 to low. The low input of NAND3 makes its output high, which in turn makes the input of NAND2 high. This causes the output of NAND2 to toggle, with Q becoming high and Q̅ becoming low.

3. When S=0 and R=1: The high input of NAND3 makes its output low, which resets the input of NAND2 to high. The low input of NAND1 makes its output high, which in turn makes the input of NAND2 low. This causes the output of NAND2 to toggle, with Q becoming low and Q̅ becoming high.

4. When S=1 and R=1: Both inputs of NAND1 and NAND3 are low, which means their outputs are high. This makes the input of NAND2 low, which in turn makes its output high. This causes the outputs of NAND1 and NAND3 to toggle, with Q and Q̅ both becoming low.

In summary, an SR latch built using two NAND gates can latch and store a single bit of information. The latch operates in two stable states, depending on the values of the S and R inputs. When S=0 and R=0, the latch maintains its previous state. When S=1 and R=0, the latch sets its output to high. When S=0 and R=1, the latch resets its output to low. And when S=1 and R=1, the latch enters an undefined state where both outputs are low.