从txt文本中读取字符串并进行哈夫曼编码和解码重新读入到txt文本中

这里提供一个Python实现的示例代码。假设我们要对一个txt文本文件中的字符串进行哈夫曼编码和解码，并将结果重新写入txt文本文件中。

首先，我们需要实现哈夫曼编码和解码的函数。下面是一个简单的实现：

import heapq
from collections import defaultdict


def huffman_encode(text):
    freq = defaultdict(int)
    for char in text:
        freq[char] += 1

    heap = [[weight, [char, ""]] for char, weight in freq.items()]
    heapq.heapify(heap)

    while len(heap) > 1:
        low = heapq.heappop(heap)
        high = heapq.heappop(heap)

        for pair in low[1:]:
            pair[1] = "0" + pair[1]
        for pair in high[1:]:
            pair[1] = "1" + pair[1]

        heapq.heappush(heap, [low[0] + high[0]] + low[1:] + high[1:])

    huffman_dict = dict(heapq.heappop(heap)[1:])
    encoded_text = "".join([huffman_dict[char] for char in text])

    return huffman_dict, encoded_text


def huffman_decode(encoded_text, huffman_dict):
    inv_dict = {v: k for k, v in huffman_dict.items()}
    decoded_text = ""
    temp_code = ""

    for bit in encoded_text:
        temp_code += bit
        if temp_code in inv_dict:
            decoded_text += inv_dict[temp_code]
            temp_code = ""

    return decoded_text

接下来，我们可以读取txt文本文件中的字符串，进行编码和解码，并将结果重新写入txt文本文件中：

# 读取文本文件中的字符串
with open("input.txt", "r") as f:
    text = f.read()

# 进行哈夫曼编码
huffman_dict, encoded_text = huffman_encode(text)

# 将编码结果写入文本文件
with open("encoded.txt", "w") as f:
    for char in encoded_text:
        f.write(char)

# 读取编码结果
with open("encoded.txt", "r") as f:
    encoded_text = f.read()

# 进行哈夫曼解码
decoded_text = huffman_decode(encoded_text, huffman_dict)

# 将解码结果写入文本文件
with open("decoded.txt", "w") as f:
    f.write(decoded_text)

这样，我们就完成了对txt文本文件中字符串的哈夫曼编码和解码，同时将结果重新写入txt文本文件中。