stm32f103 usart1 使用dma中断接收发送实现

下面是使用DMA中断实现STM32F103 USART1接收和发送的示例代码：

#include "stm32f10x.h"

#define USART1_DR_Address    0x40013804
#define BUFFER_SIZE          256

uint8_t RxBuffer[BUFFER_SIZE];
uint8_t TxBuffer[BUFFER_SIZE];
volatile uint16_t RxCounter = 0;
volatile uint16_t TxCounter = 0;
volatile uint8_t RxComplete = 0;
volatile uint8_t TxComplete = 0;

void RCC_Configuration(void)
{
    RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_USART1 | RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE);
    RCC_AHBPeriphClockCmd(RCC_AHBPeriph_DMA1, ENABLE);
}

void GPIO_Configuration(void)
{
    GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;

    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_9;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
    GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);

    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_10;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING;
    GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);
}

void USART_Configuration(void)
{
    USART_InitTypeDef USART_InitStructure;

    USART_InitStructure.USART_BaudRate = 115200;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_WordLength = USART_WordLength_8b;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_StopBits = USART_StopBits_1;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_Parity = USART_Parity_No;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_HardwareFlowControl = USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_Mode = USART_Mode_Rx | USART_Mode_Tx;
    USART_Init(USART1, &USART_InitStructure);

    USART_Cmd(USART1, ENABLE);
}

void DMA_Configuration(void)
{
    DMA_InitTypeDef DMA_InitStructure;

    DMA_DeInit(DMA1_Channel4);
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_PeripheralBaseAddr = (uint32_t)USART1_DR_Address;
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_MemoryBaseAddr = (uint32_t)RxBuffer;
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_DIR = DMA_DIR_PeripheralSRC;
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_BufferSize = BUFFER_SIZE;
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_PeripheralInc = DMA_PeripheralInc_Disable;
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_MemoryInc = DMA_MemoryInc_Enable;
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_PeripheralDataSize = DMA_PeripheralDataSize_Byte;
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_MemoryDataSize = DMA_MemoryDataSize_Byte;
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_Mode = DMA_Mode_Circular;
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_Priority = DMA_Priority_High;
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_M2M = DMA_M2M_Disable;
    DMA_Init(DMA1_Channel4, &DMA_InitStructure);

    DMA_ITConfig(DMA1_Channel4, DMA_IT_TC, ENABLE);

    DMA_DeInit(DMA1_Channel5);
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_PeripheralBaseAddr = (uint32_t)USART1_DR_Address;
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_MemoryBaseAddr = (uint32_t)TxBuffer;
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_DIR = DMA_DIR_PeripheralDST;
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_BufferSize = BUFFER_SIZE;
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_PeripheralInc = DMA_PeripheralInc_Disable;
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_MemoryInc = DMA_MemoryInc_Enable;
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_PeripheralDataSize = DMA_PeripheralDataSize_Byte;
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_MemoryDataSize = DMA_MemoryDataSize_Byte;
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_Mode = DMA_Mode_Normal;
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_Priority = DMA_Priority_High;
    DMA_InitStructure.DMA_M2M = DMA_M2M_Disable;
    DMA_Init(DMA1_Channel5, &DMA_InitStructure);

    DMA_ITConfig(DMA1_Channel5, DMA_IT_TC, ENABLE);
}

void NVIC_Configuration(void)
{
    NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;

    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = DMA1_Channel4_IRQn;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 0;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 0;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
    NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);

    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = DMA1_Channel5_IRQn;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 0;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 0;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
    NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);
}

void DMA1_Channel4_IRQHandler(void)
{
    if (DMA_GetITStatus(DMA1_IT_TC4) == SET) {
        DMA_ClearITPendingBit(DMA1_IT_TC4);
        RxComplete = 1;
    }
}

void DMA1_Channel5_IRQHandler(void)
{
    if (DMA_GetITStatus(DMA1_IT_TC5) == SET) {
        DMA_ClearITPendingBit(DMA1_IT_TC5);
        TxComplete = 1;
    }
}

void USART1_DMA_Send(uint8_t* buffer, uint16_t size)
{
    while (USART_GetFlagStatus(USART1, USART_FLAG_TXE) == RESET);
    DMA_Cmd(DMA1_Channel5, DISABLE);
    while (DMA_GetCmdStatus(DMA1_Channel5) == ENABLE);
    DMA_SetCurrDataCounter(DMA1_Channel5, size);
    DMA_MemoryTargetConfig(DMA1_Channel5, (uint32_t) buffer, DMA_Memory_0);
    DMA_Cmd(DMA1_Channel5, ENABLE);
}

void USART1_DMA_Receive(uint8_t* buffer, uint16_t size)
{
    DMA_Cmd(DMA1_Channel4, DISABLE);
    while (DMA_GetCmdStatus(DMA1_Channel4) == ENABLE);
    DMA_SetCurrDataCounter(DMA1_Channel4, size);
    DMA_MemoryTargetConfig(DMA1_Channel4, (uint32_t) buffer, DMA_Memory_0);
    DMA_Cmd(DMA1_Channel4, ENABLE);
}

int main(void)
{
    RCC_Configuration();
    GPIO_Configuration();
    USART_Configuration();
    DMA_Configuration();
    NVIC_Configuration();

    USART1_DMA_Receive(RxBuffer, BUFFER_SIZE);

    while (1) {
        if (RxComplete) {
            RxComplete = 0;
            RxCounter = BUFFER_SIZE - DMA_GetCurrDataCounter(DMA1_Channel4);
            // 处理接收到的数据
            // ...
            USART1_DMA_Send(TxBuffer, TxCounter);
        }
        if (TxComplete) {
            TxComplete = 0;
            TxCounter = 0;
            // 发送完成
        }
    }
}

代码中使用了DMA的循环模式，接收和发送缓冲区大小均为256字节，可以根据需要进行修改。接收完成后会触发DMA中断，处理接收到的数据并发送响应数据。发送完成后会触发DMA中断，可以进行下一次发送。