def weights(self): if not self._warmed_up(): return np.ones([self.diffusion.num_timesteps], dtype=np.float64) weights = np.sqrt(np.mean(self._loss_history ** 2, axis=-1)) weights /= np.sum(weights) weights *= 1 - self.uniform_prob weights += self.uniform_prob / len(weights) return weights具体解释

def train(self, X, y): num_samples, num_features = X.shape # 初始化权重和偏置 self.weights = np.zeros(num_features) self.bias = 0 for _ in range(self.num_iterations): linear_model = np.dot(X, self.weights) + self.bias y_pred = self.sigmoid(linear_model) # 计算梯度 dw = (1 / num_samples) * np.dot(X.T, (y_pred - y)) db = (1 / num_samples) * np.sum(y_pred - y) # 添加正则化项 if self.regularization == 'l1': dw += (self.reg_strength / num_samples) * np.sign(self.weights) elif self.regularization == 'l2': dw += (self.reg_strength / num_samples) * self.weights # 更新权重和偏置 self.weights -= self.learning_rate * dw self.bias -= self.learning_rate * db

num_iterations表示迭代次数；regularization表示正则化方式，可以是'l1'或'l2'；reg_strength表示正则化项的强度；learning_rate表示学习率。在训练过程中，先通过线性模型计算出每个样本属于正例的概率，然后通过...

def local_train(self, weights): original_w = weights self.local_model.set_encrypt_weights(weights) neg_one = self.public_key.encrypt(-1) for e in range(self.conf["local_epochs"]): print("start epoch ", e) #if e > 0 and e%2 == 0: # print("re encrypt") # self.local_model.encrypt_weights = Server.re_encrypt(self.local_model.encrypt_weights) idx = np.arange(self.data_x.shape[0]) batch_idx = np.random.choice(idx, self.conf['batch_size'], replace=False) #print(batch_idx) x = self.data_x[batch_idx] x = np.concatenate((x, np.ones((x.shape[0], 1))), axis=1) y = self.data_y[batch_idx].reshape((-1, 1)) #print((0.25 * x.dot(self.local_model.encrypt_weights) + 0.5 * y.transpose() * neg_one).shape) #print(x.transpose().shape) #assert(False) batch_encrypted_grad = x.transpose() * (0.25 * x.dot(self.local_model.encrypt_weights) + 0.5 * y.transpose() * neg_one) encrypted_grad = batch_encrypted_grad.sum(axis=1) / y.shape[0] for j in range(len(self.local_model.encrypt_weights)): self.local_model.encrypt_weights[j] -= self.conf["lr"] * encrypted_grad[j] weight_accumulators = [] #print(models.decrypt_vector(Server.private_key, weights)) for j in range(len(self.local_model.encrypt_weights)): weight_accumulators.append(self.local_model.encrypt_weights[j] - original_w[j]) return weight_accumulators

该代码接收一个初始的模型参数weights作为输入，并使用该参数进行本地训练。在训练过程中，代码使用随机梯度下降算法对模型进行迭代更新，每次更新的步长由学习率lr决定。训练的过程中，代码每次从数据集中随机选择...

class NeuralNetwork: def init(self, input_dim, hidden_dim, output_dim): self.input_dim = input_dim self.hidden_dim = hidden_dim self.output_dim = output_dim self.weights1 = np.random.randn(input_dim, hidden_dim) self.bias1 = np.zeros((1, hidden_dim)) self.weights2 = np.random.randn(hidden_dim, output_dim) self.bias2 = np.zeros((1, output_dim)) def relu(self, x): return np.maximum(0, x) def relu_derivative(self, x): return np.where(x >= 0, 1, 0) def forward(self, x): self.z1 = np.dot(x, self.weights1) + self.bias1 self.a1 = self.relu(self.z1) self.z2 = np.dot(self.a1, self.weights2) + self.bias2 self.y_hat = self.z2 return self.y_hat def backward(self, x, y, learning_rate): error = self.y_hat - y delta2 = error delta1 = np.dot(delta2, self.weights2.T) * self.relu_derivative(self.a1) grad_weights2 = np.dot(self.a1.T, delta2) grad_bias2 = np.sum(delta2, axis=0, keepdims=True) grad_weights1 = np.dot(x.T, delta1) grad_bias1 = np.sum(delta1, axis=0) self.weights2 -= learning_rate * grad_weights2 self.bias2 -= learning_rate * grad_bias2 self.weights1 -= learning_rate * grad_weights1 根据代码加上损失函数

delta1 = np.dot(delta2, self.weights2.T) * self.relu_derivative(self.a1) grad_weights2 = np.dot(self.a1.T, delta2) grad_bias2 = np.sum(delta2, axis=0, keepdims=True) grad_weights1 = np.dot(x.T, ...

def sigmoid(z): return 1.0/(1.0+math.exp(-z)) # random number def random_clamped(): return random.random()*2-1 # "神经元" class Neuron(): def init(self): self.biase = 0 self.weights = [] def init_weights(self, n): self.weights = [] for i in range(n): self.weights.append(random_clamped()) def repr(self): return 'Neuron weight size:{} biase value:{}'.format(len(self.weights), self.biase) # 层 class Layer(): def init(self, index): self.index = index self.neurons = [] def init_neurons(self, n_neuron, n_input): self.neurons = [] for i in range(n_neuron): neuron = Neuron() neuron.init_weights(n_input) self.neurons.append(neuron) def repr(self): return 'Layer ID:{} Layer neuron size:{}'.format(self.index, len(self.neurons)) 翻译

Neuron 类代表神经网络中的一个神经元，其包含一个偏置值（biase）和多个权重值（weights）。该类的 init_weights() 方法用于初始化权重值，其中 n 参数表示权重值的数量。 Layer 类代表神经网络中的一层神经元，其...

import numpy as np class BPNeuralNetwork: def init(self, input_size, hidden_size, output_size): self.input_size = input_size self.hidden_size = hidden_size self.output_size = output_size self.weights1 = np.random.randn(self.input_size, self.hidden_size) self.bias1 = np.zeros((1, self.hidden_size)) self.weights2 = np.random.randn(self.hidden_size, self.output_size) self.bias2 = np.zeros((1, self.output_size)) def forward(self, X): self.hidden_layer = np.dot(X, self.weights1) + self.bias1 self.activated_hidden_layer = self.sigmoid(self.hidden_layer) self.output_layer = np.dot(self.activated_hidden_layer, self.weights2) + self.bias2 self.activated_output_layer = self.sigmoid(self.output_layer) return self.activated_output_layer def sigmoid(self, s): return 1 / (1 + np.exp(-s)) def sigmoid_derivative(self, s): return s * (1 - s) def backward(self, X, y, o, learning_rate): self.error = y - o self.delta_output = self.error * self.sigmoid_derivative(o) self.error_hidden = self.delta_output.dot(self.weights2.T) self.delta_hidden = self.error_hidden * self.sigmoid_derivative(self.activated_hidden_layer) self.weights1 += X.T.dot(self.delta_hidden) * learning_rate self.bias1 += np.sum(self.delta_hidden, axis=0, keepdims=True) * learning_rate self.weights2 += self.activated_hidden_layer.T.dot(self.delta_output) * learning_rate self.bias2 += np.sum(self.delta_output, axis=0, keepdims=True) * learning_rate def train(self, X, y, learning_rate, epochs): for epoch in range(epochs): output = self.forward(X) self.backward(X, y, output, learning_rate) def predict(self, X): return self.forward(X) X = np.array([[0, 0, 1], [0, 1, 1], [1, 0, 1], [1, 1, 1]]) y = np.array([[0], [1], [1], [0]]) nn = BPNeuralNetwork(3, 4, 1) nn.train(X, y, 0.1, 10000) new_data = np.array([[0, 0, 0], [0, 1, 0], [1, 0, 0], [1, 1, 0]]) print(nn.predict(new_data))

这是一个使用反向传播算法实现的简单的三层神经网络，输入层有3个节点，隐藏层有4个节点，输出层有1个节点。它的训练数据X是一个4x3的矩阵，y是一个4x1的矩阵。训练过程中，使用随机初始化的权重和偏置，对训练数据...

def init_weights(self): self.conv1.weight.data.normal_(0, 0.01) self.conv2.weight.data.normal_(0, 0.01) if self.downsample is not None: self.downsample.weight.data.normal_(0, 0.01)什么意思每句话

4. if self.downsample is not None: 如果downsample不为None，则进入下面的代码块。 5. self.downsample.weight.data.normal_(0, 0.01) 这一行代码将下采样层的权重张量进行正态分布初始化，均值为0，标准差为0.01...

请在这个DeepCFD的网络添加attention机制，并给出示例代码：import paddle import paddle.nn as nn class Attention(nn.Layer): def init(self, input_size, hidden_size): super(Attention, self).init() self.input_size = input_size self.hidden_size = hidden_size self.attn = nn.Linear(self.input_size + self.hidden_size, 1) self.softmax = nn.Softmax(axis=1) def forward(self, input, hidden): max_len = input.shape[0] attn_energies = paddle.zeros([max_len, 1]) for i in range(max_len): attn_energies[i] = self.score(input[i], hidden) attn_weights = self.softmax(attn_energies) context = paddle.sum(attn_weights * input, axis=0) return context.unsqueeze(0) def score(self, input, hidden): energy = self.attn(paddle.concat([input, hidden], axis=1)) return energy class DeepCFD(nn.Layer): def init(self, input_size, hidden_size, output_size): super(DeepCFD, self).init() self.input_size = input_size self.hidden_size = hidden_size self.output_size = output_size self.lstm = nn.LSTM(input_size, hidden_size, num_layers=2, batch_first=True) self.attention = Attention(input_size, hidden_size) self.fc = nn.Linear(hidden_size, output_size) def forward(self, input): output, (hidden, cell) = self.lstm(input) context = self.attention(output, hidden[-1]) output = self.fc(context) return output

self.lstm = nn.LSTM(input_size, hidden_size, num_layers=2, batch_first=True) self.attention = Attention(input_size, hidden_size) self.fc = nn.Linear(hidden_size, output_size) def forward(self, ...

逐句解释一下import numpy as npclass Perceptron: def init(self, num_classes, input_size, lr=0.1, epochs=1000): self.num_classes = num_classes self.input_size = input_size self.lr = lr self.epochs = epochs self.weights = np.zeros((num_classes, input_size)) self.biases = np.zeros(num_classes) def train(self, X, y): for epoch in range(self.epochs): for i in range(X.shape[0]): x = X[i] target = y[i] output = self.predict(x) if output != target: self.weights[target] += self.lr * x self.biases[target] += self.lr self.weights[output] -= self.lr * x self.biases[output] -= self.lr def predict(self, x): scores = np.dot(self.weights, x) + self.biases return np.argmax(scores)if name == 'main': X = np.array([[1, 1], [2, 1], [2, 3], [3, 2]]) y = np.array([0, 0, 1, 1]) num_classes = 2 input_size = 2 perceptron = Perceptron(num_classes, input_size) perceptron.train(X, y) print(perceptron.predict(np.array([1, 2])))

8. self.weights = np.zeros((num_classes, input_size))：将一个大小为(num_classes, input_size)的全零数组赋值给Perceptron类的实例变量weights，用于存储神经元的权重。 9. self.biases = np.zeros...

class NeuralNetwork: def init(self, n_inputs, n_hidden, n_outputs): self.n_inputs = n_inputs self.n_hidden = n_hidden self.n_outputs = n_outputs # 初始化权重和偏差 self.weights1 = np.random.randn(self.n_inputs, self.n_hidden) self.bias1 = np.zeros((1, self.n_hidden)) self.weights2 = np.random.randn(self.n_hidden, self.n_outputs) self.bias2 = np.zeros((1, self.n_outputs)) def sigmoid(self, z): return 1 / (1 + np.exp(-z)) def sigmoid_derivative(self, z): return self.sigmoid(z) * (1 - self.sigmoid(z)) def feedforward(self, X): # 计算隐藏层输出 self.z1 = np.dot(X, self.weights1) + self.bias1 self.a1 = self.sigmoid(self.z1) # 计算输出层输出 self.z2 = np.dot(self.a1, self.weights2) + self.bias2 self.a2 = self.sigmoid(self.z2) return self.a2 def backpropagation(self, X, y, output): # 计算输出层误差 error = output - y d_output = error * self.sigmoid_derivative(self.z2) # 计算隐藏层误差 error_hidden = d_output.dot(self.weights2.T) d_hidden = error_hidden * self.sigmoid_derivative(self.z1) # 更新权重和偏差 self.weights2 -= self.a1.T.dot(d_output) self.bias2 -= np.sum(d_output, axis=0, keepdims=True) self.weights1 -= X.T.dot(d_hidden) self.bias1 -= np.sum(d_hidden, axis=0) def train(self, X, y, n_epochs, learning_rate): for epoch in range(n_epochs): output = self.feedforward(X) self.backpropagation(X, y, output) def predict(self, X): output = self.feedforward(X) predictions = np.argmax(output, axis=1) return predictions

这是一个简单的神经网络实现，包括初始化权重和偏差、前向传播、反向传播、训练和预测。神经网络的训练过程中，通常需要一些超参数的设置，如隐藏层的神经元数量、迭代次数、学习率等。在这个实现中，隐藏层神经...

class SelfAttention(nn.Module): def init(self, input_size=1, num_heads=1): super(SelfAttention, self).init() self.num_heads = 1 self.head_size = 1 self.query = nn.Linear(1, 1) self.key = nn.Linear(1, 1) self.value = nn.Linear(1, 1) self.out = nn.Linear(1, 1) def forward(self, inputs): batch_size, seq_len, input_size = inputs.size() # 128 706 1 # Split inputs into num_heads inputs = inputs.view(batch_size, seq_len, self.num_heads, self.head_size) inputs = inputs.permute(0, 2, 1, 3).contiguous() queries = self.query(inputs).view(batch_size, self.num_heads, seq_len, self.head_size) keys = self.key(inputs).view(batch_size, self.num_heads, seq_len, self.head_size) values = self.value(inputs).view(batch_size, self.num_heads, seq_len, self.head_size) # Compute attention scores scores = torch.matmul(queries, keys.permute(0, 1, 3, 2)) scores = scores / (self.head_size ** 0.5) attention = F.softmax(scores, dim=-1) # Apply attention weights to values attention_output = torch.matmul(attention, values) attention_output = attention_output.view(batch_size, seq_len, input_size) # Apply output linear layer output = self.out(attention_output) return output class DenseAttentionLayer(nn.Module): def init(self, input_size, return_alphas=True, name=None, num_heads=1): super(DenseAttentionLayer, self).init() self.return_alphas = return_alphas self.name = name self.num_heads = num_heads # If input comes with a hidden dimension (e.g. 5 features per gene) # print("len(input_size): ",len(input_size)) # 2 if len(input_size) == 3: self.feature_collapse = nn.Linear(input_size[-1], 1) input_size = (input_size[0], input_size[1]) self.attention = SelfAttention(input_size=1, num_heads=1) def forward(self, inputs): print("inputs.shape: ",inputs.shape) # torch.Size([128, 706]) output = self.attention(inputs) if self.return_alphas: alphas = F.softmax(output, dim=1) return torch.mul(inputs, alphas), alphas else: return output 对于上述代码其中numheads=1 headsize=1

这段代码实现了一个自注意力层（Self-Attention Layer）和一个稠密注意力层（Dense Attention Layer）。在自注意力层中，输入被划分为多个头（num_heads），每个头的大小为head_size。然后，通过三个线性层（query...

class DBN(object): def init(self, sizes): self.sizes = sizes self.num_layers = len(sizes) self.biases = [np.random.randn(y, 1) for y in sizes[1:]] self.weights = [np.random.randn(y, x) / np.sqrt(x) for x, y in zip(sizes[:-1], sizes[1:])] def sigmoid(self, z): return 1.0 / (1.0 + np.exp(-z)) def feedforward(self, a): for b, w in zip(self.biases, self.weights): a = self.sigmoid(np.dot(w, a) + b) return a def predict(self, X): y_pred = np.zeros_like(y_test) for i in range(len(X)): y_pred[i] = np.argmax(self.feedforward(X[i].reshape(-1, 1))) return y_pred def train(self, dbn_training_data, dbn_epochs): pass

其中，sizes参数表示每层神经元的数量，biases和weights分别表示偏置和权重。feedforward方法实现了前向传播，predict方法用于预测，train方法用于训练。具体的训练过程需要在train方法中实现。

import numpy as np class BPNeuralNetwork: def init(self, input_size, hidden_size, output_size): self.input_size = input_size self.hidden_size = hidden_size self.output_size = output_size # 初始化权重和偏置 self.weights_ih = np.random.randn(hidden_size, input_size) self.bias_ih = np.random.randn(hidden_size, 1) self.weights_ho = np.random.randn(output_size, hidden_size) self.bias_ho = np.random.randn(output_size, 1) # 定义激活函数 self.activation = lambda x: 1 / (1 + np.exp(-x)) self.derivative = lambda x: x * (1 - x) def forward(self, inputs): # 计算隐藏层的输出 hidden = self.activation(np.dot(self.weights_ih, inputs) + self.bias_ih) # 计算输出层的输出 output = self.activation(np.dot(self.weights_ho, hidden) + self.bias_ho) return output def backward(self, inputs, targets, output): # 计算输出层的误差 output_error = targets - output output_delta = output_error * self.derivative(output) # 计算隐藏层的误差 hidden_error = np.dot(self.weights_ho.T, output_delta) hidden_delta = hidden_error * self.derivative(hidden) # 更新权重和偏置 self.weights_ho += np.dot(output_delta, hidden.T) self.bias_ho += output_delta self.weights_ih += np.dot(hidden_delta, inputs.T) self.bias_ih += hidden_delta def train(self, inputs, targets, epochs): for i in range(epochs): for j in range(len(inputs)): # 前向传播 output = self.forward(inputs[j].reshape(-1, 1)) # 反向传播 self.backward(inputs[j].reshape(-1, 1), targets[j].reshape(-1, 1), output)

这段代码实现了一个使用反向传播算法进行训练的多层前馈神经网络。具体来说，它包括了以下几个部分： 1. 初始化函数__init__中，定义了输入层、隐藏层和输出层的节点数，以及它们之间的权重和偏置。...

class Network(object): def init(self, num_of_weights): # 随机产生w的初始值 # 为了保持程序每次运行结果的一致性， # 此处设置固定的随机数种子 np.random.seed(0) self.w = np.random.randn(num_of_weights, 1) self.b = 0. def forward(self, x): z = np.dot(x, self.w) + self.b return z

这是一个类，命名为...它有一个初始化函数__init__，传入一个参数num_of_weights。该函数是初始化类的方法，用于设置类的属性或者完成其他必要的初始化工作。在这个类中，初始化函数需要接收一个权重数目的参数。

代码解释：class Network(object): def init(self, sizes): self.num_layers = len(sizes) self.sizes = sizes self.biases = [np.random.randn(y, 1) for y in sizes[1:]] self.weights = [np.random.randn(y, x) for x, y in zip(sizes[:-1], sizes[1:])]

这个代码段是一个定义了网络结构的类，并在初始化方法中，根据给定的sizes参数设置网络的层数、每一层的神经元个数、偏置项和权重矩阵，并利用np.random.randn函数生成随机的偏置向量和权重矩阵。其中，sizes参数是...

基于springboot的酒店管理系统源码（java毕业设计完整源码+LW）.zip

项目均经过测试，可正常运行！环境说明：开发语言：java JDK版本：jdk1.8 框架：springboot 数据库：mysql 5.7/8 数据库工具：navicat 开发软件：eclipse/idea

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代码解释：class Network(object): def init(self, sizes): self.num_layers = len(sizes) self.sizes = sizes self.biases = [np.random.randn(y, 1) for y in sizes[1:]] self.weights = [np.random.randn(y, x) for x, y in zip(sizes[:-1], sizes[1:])]