帮我用python有限自动机的状态转换图显示程序的实现,用户任意给定有限自动机M(状态转换矩阵及初态、终态信息),在屏幕上显示输出M的状态转换图。程序应具有通用性,状态节点在屏幕上的分布应合理、美观,最终以GUI界面展示。
时间: 2024-03-10 08:44:09 浏览: 21
好的,我可以给您提供一些思路和代码实现。
首先,我们需要安装一个 Python GUI 库,如 PyQt5 或者 Tkinter。这里以 PyQt5 为例。
接下来,我们需要解析用户输入的有限自动机 M,可以将其表示为一个字典,其中键为状态名,值为一个字典,该字典的键为输入字符,值为下一状态名。例如:
```
M = {
'state1': {'a': 'state2', 'b': 'state3'},
'state2': {'a': 'state1', 'b': 'state2'},
'state3': {'a': 'state3', 'b': 'state1'}
}
initial_state = 'state1'
final_states = ['state2', 'state3']
```
接下来,我们可以使用 PyQt5 中的 QGraphicsScene 和 QGraphicsView 类来创建一个图形场景和图形视图,然后在场景中添加状态节点和状态之间的连线。
具体实现代码如下:
```python
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
from PyQt5.QtGui import *
from PyQt5.QtCore import *
class FiniteAutomatonViewer(QMainWindow):
def __init__(self, M, initial_state, final_states):
super().__init__()
# create a graphics scene
self.scene = QGraphicsScene(self)
# create a graphics view and set the scene
self.view = QGraphicsView(self.scene)
self.setCentralWidget(self.view)
# set the window title
self.setWindowTitle('Finite Automaton Viewer')
# set the size of the window
self.resize(600, 400)
# create a dictionary to store the state items
self.state_items = {}
# create the state items
for state in M:
# create the state item
state_item = self.scene.addEllipse(0, 0, 50, 50, QPen(Qt.black), QBrush(Qt.white))
state_item.setFlag(QGraphicsItem.ItemIsMovable)
state_item.setPos(50, 50)
# add the state name as a tooltip
state_item.setToolTip(state)
# store the state item in the dictionary
self.state_items[state] = state_item
# create the label item for the state name
label_item = self.scene.addText(state)
label_item.setFlag(QGraphicsItem.ItemIsMovable)
label_item.setPos(65, 65)
# create the transition items
for state, transitions in M.items():
for input_symbol, next_state in transitions.items():
# get the state item and next state item
state_item = self.state_items[state]
next_state_item = self.state_items[next_state]
# create the transition label item
label_item = self.scene.addText(input_symbol)
label_item.setFlag(QGraphicsItem.ItemIsMovable)
label_item.setPos(0, 0)
# create the transition item
transition_item = self.scene.addLine(0, 0, 0, 0, QPen(Qt.black))
transition_item.setFlag(QGraphicsItem.ItemIsMovable)
# set the transition item's start and end points
transition_item.setLine(
state_item.pos().x() + state_item.rect().width() / 2,
state_item.pos().y() + state_item.rect().height() / 2,
next_state_item.pos().x() + next_state_item.rect().width() / 2,
next_state_item.pos().y() + next_state_item.rect().height() / 2
)
# add the transition label item to the scene
self.scene.addItem(label_item)
# position the transition label item
label_item.setPos(
(state_item.pos().x() + next_state_item.pos().x()) / 2 + 10,
(state_item.pos().y() + next_state_item.pos().y()) / 2 + 10
)
# set the initial and final state items' colors
self.state_items[initial_state].setBrush(QBrush(Qt.green))
for final_state in final_states:
self.state_items[final_state].setBrush(QBrush(Qt.yellow))
```
最后,我们可以创建一个 FiniteAutomatonViewer 的实例,传入用户输入的有限自动机 M,然后显示出状态转换图。
```python
# create a finite automaton viewer instance and show it
app = QApplication([])
viewer = FiniteAutomatonViewer(M, initial_state, final_states)
viewer.show()
app.exec_()
```
这样,我们就可以通过 GUI 界面显示出用户输入的有限自动机的状态转换图了。