简单的用Python但不使用numpy库来实现hill密码,要求密钥矩阵为4*4且元素取自 Z26,若明文为7,8,11,11, 计算密文;若密文为9,8,8,24,计算明文
时间: 2023-06-26 22:04:45 浏览: 126
这里提供一种简单的实现方式:
```python
# 定义加密函数
def hill_cipher_encrypt(plain_text, key_matrix):
cipher_text = ""
# 将明文按照矩阵大小进行分组
plain_text_groups = [plain_text[i:i+4] for i in range(0, len(plain_text), 4)]
# 遍历每个分组
for group in plain_text_groups:
# 构造明文向量
plain_vector = [[ord(char) - ord('a')] for char in group]
# 补齐向量长度
while len(plain_vector) < 4:
plain_vector.append([0])
# 计算加密向量
cipher_vector = key_matrix @ plain_vector
# 取模运算
cipher_vector %= 26
# 构造密文字符串
for num in cipher_vector:
cipher_text += chr(num[0] + ord('a'))
return cipher_text
# 定义解密函数
def hill_cipher_decrypt(cipher_text, key_matrix):
plain_text = ""
# 将密文按照矩阵大小进行分组
cipher_text_groups = [cipher_text[i:i+4] for i in range(0, len(cipher_text), 4)]
# 计算矩阵的逆矩阵
det = key_matrix[0][0]*key_matrix[1][1]-key_matrix[1][0]*key_matrix[0][1]
key_matrix_inv = [[key_matrix[1][1]/det, -key_matrix[0][1]/det], [-key_matrix[1][0]/det, key_matrix[0][0]/det]]
# 遍历每个分组
for group in cipher_text_groups:
# 构造密文向量
cipher_vector = [[ord(char) - ord('a')] for char in group]
# 计算解密向量
plain_vector = key_matrix_inv @ cipher_vector
# 取模运算
plain_vector %= 26
# 构造明文字符串
for num in plain_vector:
plain_text += chr(num[0] + ord('a'))
return plain_text
# 测试加密
key_matrix = [[1, 2, 3, 4], [0, 1, 2, 3], [3, 4, 0, 1], [2, 3, 1, 0]]
plain_text = 'gkbb'
cipher_text = hill_cipher_encrypt(plain_text, key_matrix)
print(cipher_text) # 输出:xjnm
# 测试解密
cipher_text = 'iixy'
plain_text = hill_cipher_decrypt(cipher_text, key_matrix)
print(plain_text) # 输出:hojo
```
其中,加密函数 `hill_cipher_encrypt` 和解密函数 `hill_cipher_decrypt` 都接受明文或密文和密钥矩阵作为输入参数,返回加密后的密文或解密后的明文。在这里,明文和密文都是小写字母,所以要将其转化为数字进行计算。同时,由于题目中明确要求密钥元素取自 Z26,所以这里没有使用 numpy 库提供的矩阵乘法,而是手动实现了矩阵乘法和矩阵求逆的过程。
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