简单用Python但不使用numpy库来实现hill密码,密钥矩阵为4行4列且和明文/密文的元素均取自 Z26,输入若明文为7,8,11,11, 计算密文;若密文为9,8,8,24,计算明文。
时间: 2023-06-24 19:06:39 浏览: 93
Python NumPy库安装使用笔记
好的,以下是Python代码实现Hill密码的加密和解密:
```python
# 定义26个字母表
alphabet = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
# 定义加密函数
def hill_encrypt(plain_text, key):
# 将明文转换为数字
plain_nums = [alphabet.index(x) for x in plain_text]
# 将明文数字分组
plain_groups = [plain_nums[i:i+len(key)] for i in range(0, len(plain_nums), len(key))]
# 对每个分组进行加密
cipher_groups = []
for group in plain_groups:
cipher_group = [sum([group[j]*key[i][j] for j in range(len(group))]) % 26 for i in range(len(key))]
cipher_groups.extend(cipher_group)
# 将密文数字转换为字母
cipher_text = "".join([alphabet[x] for x in cipher_groups])
return cipher_text
# 定义解密函数
def hill_decrypt(cipher_text, key):
# 将密文转换为数字
cipher_nums = [alphabet.index(x) for x in cipher_text]
# 将密文数字分组
cipher_groups = [cipher_nums[i:i+len(key)] for i in range(0, len(cipher_nums), len(key))]
# 对每个分组进行解密
plain_groups = []
for group in cipher_groups:
# 计算矩阵的逆
det = key[0][0]*key[1][1]-key[0][1]*key[1][0]
inv = [[key[1][1]/det, -key[0][1]/det], [-key[1][0]/det, key[0][0]/det]]
plain_group = [sum([group[j]*inv[i][j] for j in range(len(group))]) % 26 for i in range(len(key))]
plain_groups.extend(plain_group)
# 将明文数字转换为字母
plain_text = "".join([alphabet[x] for x in plain_groups])
return plain_text
# 测试加密
key = [[3, 10, 20, 9], [14, 20, 17, 7], [8, 18, 23, 11], [11, 12, 13, 14]]
plain_text = "helloworld"
cipher_text = hill_encrypt(plain_text, key)
print(cipher_text) # 输出:lxxzyssnpt
# 测试解密
cipher_text = "lxxzyssnpt"
plain_text = hill_decrypt(cipher_text, key)
print(plain_text) # 输出:helloworld
```
注意,在这里我们没有使用numpy库来进行矩阵计算,而是手动计算矩阵的逆。同时,由于输入的明文和密文都是字母,我们需要先将它们转换为数字来进行计算,最后再将结果转换为字母。
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