import torch from torch import nn import d2l net = nn.Sequential( nn.Conv2d(3, 64, kernel_size=3, stride=1, padding=1), nn.ReLU(), nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2), nn.Conv2d(64, 192, kernel_size=3, stride=1, padding=1), nn.ReLU(), nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2), nn.Conv2d(192, 384, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(), nn.Conv2d(384, 256, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(), nn.Conv2d(256, 256, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(), nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2), nn.Flatten(), nn.Linear(4096, 4096), nn.ReLU(), nn.Dropout(p=0.5), nn.Linear(4096, 4096), nn.ReLU(), nn.Dropout(p=0.5), nn.Linear(4096, 10) ) X = torch.randn((1, 3, 32, 32), dtype=torch.float32) for layer in net: X = layer(X) print(layer.__class__.__name__, 'output shape:\t', X.shape) batch_size = 64 train_iter, test_iter = d2l.load_data_cifar10(batch_size, resize=32) lr, num_epochs = 0.01, 100 d2l.train_ch6(net, train_iter, test_iter, num_epochs, lr, d2l.try_gpu())，如何修改代码中的参数，提高准确率并且跑出来时间快一些？

时间: 2023-08-25 08:06:10 浏览: 35
有几个方法可以尝试提高准确率并加快训练时间： 1. 调整学习率 lr：可以尝试不同的学习率 lr，找到最优值。较小的学习率需要更多的迭代次数，但可能会导致更好的性能。而较大的学习率可能会导致训练不稳定，需要进行更多的调整。 2. 使用动量：给优化器添加动量可以加速训练并提高准确率。可以尝试添加动量参数来看看它是否有帮助，例如：`optim.SGD(net.parameters(), lr=lr, momentum=0.9)` 3. 使用更好的优化器：Adam 和 Adagrad 通常比标准的 SGD 更快更准确。可以尝试使用不同的优化器，例如：`optim.Adam(net.parameters(), lr=lr)` 4. 减小 batch_size：减少 batch_size 可以加速训练并提高准确率。但是太小的 batch_size 可能会导致训练不稳定。 5. 增加迭代次数：增加迭代次数可以提高准确率，但会增加训练时间。 6. 增加网络深度：增加网络深度可以提高准确率，但会增加训练时间。 7. 数据增强：增加数据增强（例如随机裁剪、随机翻转、随机旋转等）可以提高模型的鲁棒性和准确率。 你可以根据自己的需求和硬件条件，尝试不同的方法来改进模型。
相关问题

为代码添加注释：import torch from torch import nn from d2l import torch as d2l net = nn.Sequential( nn.Conv2d(1, 6, kernel_size=5, padding=2), nn.Sigmoid(), nn.AvgPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2), nn.Conv2d(6, 16, kernel_size=5), nn.Sigmoid(), nn.AvgPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2), nn.Flatten(), nn.Linear(16 * 5 * 5, 120), nn.Sigmoid(), nn.Linear(120, 84), nn.Sigmoid(), nn.Linear(84, 10))

# 导入需要的库 import torch from torch import nn from d2l import torch as d2l # 建立神经网络模型 net = nn.Sequential( # 第一层卷积层 nn.Conv2d(1, 6, kernel_size=5, padding=2), nn.Sigmoid(), nn.AvgPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2), # 第二层卷积层 nn.Conv2d(6, 16, kernel_size=5), nn.Sigmoid(), nn.AvgPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2), # 全连接层 nn.Flatten(), nn.Linear(16 * 5 * 5, 120), nn.Sigmoid(), nn.Linear(120, 84), nn.Sigmoid(), nn.Linear(84, 10) )

features_list = list(vgg19.features.children()) self.conv2_2 = torch.nn.Sequential(*features_list[:13]) self.conv3_4 = torch.nn.Sequential(*features_list[13:26]) self.conv4_4 = torch.nn.Sequential(*features_list[26: 39]) self.conv5_4 = torch.nn.Sequential(*features_list[39:-1]) self.tail_layer = features_list[-1] self.fc_layers = list(vgg19.classifier.children())[:-2] self.fc_layers = torch.nn.Sequential(*list(self.fc_layers)) self.extract_0 = torch.nn.Sequential( torch.nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=8, stride=8), torch.nn.Conv2d(128, self.k, kernel_size=1, stride=1) ) self.extract_1 = torch.nn.Sequential( torch.nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=4, stride=4), torch.nn.Conv2d(256, self.k, kernel_size=1, stride=1) )self.extract_2 = torch.nn.Sequential( torch.nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2), torch.nn.Conv2d(512, self.k, kernel_size=1, stride=1) ) self.extract_3 = torch.nn.Sequential( torch.nn.Conv2d(512, self.k, kernel_size=1, stride=1) ) self.fc0 = torch.nn.Linear(196, 1, bias=True) self.fc1 = torch.nn.Linear(196, 1, bias=True) self.fc2 = torch.nn.Linear(196, 1, bias=True) self.fc3 = torch.nn.Linear(196, 1, bias=True) self.fc4 = torch.nn.Linear(4096, 2 * k, bias=True) self.bn1 = torch.nn.BatchNorm1d(k) self.bn2 = torch.nn.BatchNorm1d(k) weight_init(self.fc0, self.fc1, self.fc2, self.fc3, self.fc4)

这段代码定义了一个名为 VGG19Encoder 的神经网络模型。它使用了预训练的 VGG19 模型的前四个卷积层和最后一个全连接层作为特征提取器，其中前四个卷积层被分别用于提取不同层级的特征。然后，通过几个额外的卷积层和全连接层将提取的特征转换为对输入图像中物体类别的预测。其中，提取的特征被分别送入四个全连接层中进行分类。 具体来说，代码中的各个部分的功能如下： - `features_list = list(vgg19.features.children())`：获取 VGG19 模型的所有卷积层。 - `self.conv2_2 = torch.nn.Sequential(*features_list[:13])`：将前 13 层卷积层作为 conv2_2 层。 - `self.conv3_4 = torch.nn.Sequential(*features_list[13:26])`：将第 14 层到第 26 层卷积层作为 conv3_4 层。 - `self.conv4_4 = torch.nn.Sequential(*features_list[26: 39])`：将第 27 层到第 39 层卷积层作为 conv4_4 层。 - `self.conv5_4 = torch.nn.Sequential(*features_list[39:-1])`：将第 40 层到倒数第二层卷积层作为 conv5_4 层。 - `self.tail_layer = features_list[-1]`：将最后一层卷积层作为尾部层。 - `self.fc_layers = list(vgg19.classifier.children())[:-2]`：获取 VGG19 模型的所有全连接层，但不包括最后两层。 - `self.fc_layers = torch.nn.Sequential(*list(self.fc_layers))`：将所有全连接层组成一个新的连续的全连接层。 - `self.extract_0 = torch.nn.Sequential(torch.nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=8, stride=8), torch.nn.Conv2d(128, self.k, kernel_size=1, stride=1))`：将 conv2_2 层的输出进行最大池化和卷积操作，以提取更高级别的特征。 - `self.extract_1 = torch.nn.Sequential(torch.nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=4, stride=4), torch.nn.Conv2d(256, self.k, kernel_size=1, stride=1))`：将 conv3_4 层的输出进行最大池化和卷积操作，以提取更高级别的特征。 - `self.extract_2 = torch.nn.Sequential(torch.nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2), torch.nn.Conv2d(512, self.k, kernel_size=1, stride=1))`：将 conv4_4 层的输出进行最大池化和卷积操作，以提取更高级别的特征。 - `self.extract_3 = torch.nn.Sequential(torch.nn.Conv2d(512, self.k, kernel_size=1, stride=1))`：将 conv5_4 层的输出进行卷积操作，以提取更高级别的特征。 - `self.fc0 = torch.nn.Linear(196, 1, bias=True)`：定义一个输入为 196 的全连接层，用于分类。 - `self.fc1 = torch.nn.Linear(196, 1, bias=True)`：定义第二个输入为 196 的全连接层，用于分类。 - `self.fc2 = torch.nn.Linear(196, 1, bias=True)`：定义第三个输入为 196 的全连接层，用于分类。 - `self.fc3 = torch.nn.Linear(196, 1, bias=True)`：定义第四个输入为 196 的全连接层，用于分类。 - `self.fc4 = torch.nn.Linear(4096, 2 * k, bias=True)`：定义一个输入为 4096 的全连接层，用于分类。 - `self.bn1 = torch.nn.BatchNorm1d(k)`：定义一个 Batch Normalization 层，用于归一化数据。 - `self.bn2 = torch.nn.BatchNorm1d(k)`：定义第二个 Batch Normalization 层，用于归一化数据。 - `weight_init(self.fc0, self.fc1, self.fc2, self.fc3, self.fc4)`：对所有全连接层进行权重初始化，以提高模型的性能。

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这段代码定义了一个卷积神经网络模型，用于水果图片的分类任务。该模型包含三个卷积层和一个全连接层，其中每个卷积层后面都跟着一个BatchNorm层和ReLU激活函数，然后...其中，输入图片是3通道的，输出类别数为131个。

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如何将self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(4 * num_filters, num_filters, kernel_size=3, padding=1) self.conv_offset1 = nn.Conv2d(512, 18, kernel_size=3, stride=1, padding=1) init_offset1 = torch.Tensor(np.zeros([18, 512, 3, 3])) self.conv_offset1.weight = torch.nn.Parameter(init_offset1) # 初始化为0 self.conv_mask1 = nn.Conv2d(512, 9, kernel_size=3, stride=1, padding=1) init_mask1 = torch.Tensor(np.zeros([9, 512, 3, 3]) + np.array([0.5])) self.conv_mask1.weight = torch.nn.Parameter(init_mask1) # 初始化为0.5 与torchvision.ops.deform_conv2d，加入到：class NLayerDiscriminator(nn.Module): def init(self, input_nc=3, ndf=64, n_layers=3, norm_layer=nn.BatchNorm2d, use_sigmoid=False, use_parallel=True): super(NLayerDiscriminator, self).init() self.use_parallel = use_parallel if type(norm_layer) == functools.partial: use_bias = norm_layer.func == nn.InstanceNorm2d else: use_bias = norm_layer == nn.InstanceNorm2d kw = 4 padw = int(np.ceil((kw-1)/2)) sequence = [ nn.Conv2d(input_nc, ndf, kernel_size=kw, stride=2, padding=padw), nn.LeakyReLU(0.2, True) ] nf_mult = 1 for n in range(1, n_layers): nf_mult_prev = nf_mult nf_mult = min(2n, 8) sequence += [ nn.Conv2d(ndf * nf_mult_prev, ndf * nf_mult, kernel_size=kw, stride=2, padding=padw, bias=use_bias), norm_layer(ndf * nf_mult), nn.LeakyReLU(0.2, True) ] nf_mult_prev = nf_mult nf_mult = min(2n_layers, 8) sequence += [ nn.Conv2d(ndf * nf_mult_prev, ndf * nf_mult, kernel_size=kw, stride=1, padding=padw, bias=use_bias), norm_layer(ndf * nf_mult), nn.LeakyReLU(0.2, True) ] sequence += [nn.Conv2d(ndf * nf_mult, 1, kernel_size=kw, stride=1, padding=padw)] if use_sigmoid: sequence += [nn.Sigmoid()] self.model = nn.Sequential(*sequence) def forward(self, input): return self.model(input)中，请给出修改后的代码

self.conv_offset1 = nn.Conv2d(ndf, 18, kernel_size=3, stride=1, padding=1) init_offset1 = torch.Tensor(np.zeros([18, ndf, 3, 3])) self.conv_offset1.weight = torch.nn.Parameter(init_offset1) self....

import torch import torch.nn as nn import torch.nn.functional as F import torchvision.models as models import os class FCNTransformerNet(nn.Module): def __init__(self, num_classes): super(FCNTransformerNet, self).__init__() self.fcn_backbone = models.segmentation.fcn_resnet50(pretrained=True).backbone self.fcn_backbone.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(3, 64, kernel_size=7, stride=2, padding=3, bias=False) self.transformer_layers = nn.TransformerEncoderLayer(d_model=2048, nhead=8) self.transformer_encoder = nn.TransformerEncoder(self.transformer_layers, num_layers=6) self.classification_head = nn.Sequential( nn.Linear(2048, 512), nn.ReLU(), nn.Linear(512, num_classes) ) def forward(self, x): fcn_output = self.fcn_backbone(x)['out'] fcn_output = fcn_output.view(fcn_output.size(0), fcn_output.size(1), -1) fcn_output = fcn_output.permute(2, 0, 1) transformer_output = self.transformer_encoder(fcn_output) transformer_output = transformer_output.permute(1, 2, 0) transformer_output = transformer_output.contiguous().view(transformer_output.size(0), -1, 1, 1) output = self.classification_head(transformer_output) return output FCNTransformerNet net = FCNTransformerNet(num_classes=2) input_batch = torch.randn(4, 3, 512, 512) output_batch = net(input_batch) print(output_batch.size()) # Should print: torch.Size([4, 2, 512, 512]) 运行这段代码，并改错

self.fcn_backbone.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(3, 64, kernel_size=7, stride=2, padding=3, bias=False) self.transformer_layers = nn.TransformerEncoderLayer(d_model=2048, nhead=8) self.transformer_encoder = nn...

class GhostModule(nn.Module): def __init__(self, input_channels, output_channels, kernel_size=1, ratio=2): super(GhostModule, self).__init__() self.output_channels = output_channels self.hidden_channels = output_channels // ratio self.primary_conv = nn.Sequential( nn.Conv2d(input_channels, self.hidden_channels, kernel_size, bias=False), nn.BatchNorm2d(self.hidden_channels), nn.ReLU(inplace=True) ) self.cheap_operation = nn.Sequential( nn.Conv2d(self.hidden_channels, self.hidden_channels, kernel_size, groups=self.hidden_channels, bias=False), nn.BatchNorm2d(self.hidden_channels), nn.ReLU(inplace=True) ) self.secondary_conv = nn.Sequential( nn.Conv2d(self.hidden_channels, self.output_channels - self.hidden_channels, kernel_size, bias=False), nn.BatchNorm2d(self.output_channels - self.hidden_channels) ) def forward(self, x): x1 = self.primary_conv(x) x2 = self.cheap_operation(x1) x3 = self.secondary_conv(torch.cat([x1, x2], dim=1)) return torch.cat([x1, x3], dim=1)

这是一个 PyTorch 的神经网络模块，该模块名为 GhostModule。该模块包含三个卷积层：主要卷积层、廉价卷积操作和次要卷积层。其中主要卷积层是一个标准的卷积操作，廉价卷积操作是一种深度可分离卷积，次要卷积层是...

class NLayerDiscriminator(nn.Module): def init(self, input_nc=3, ndf=64, n_layers=3, norm_layer=nn.BatchNorm2d, use_sigmoid=False, use_parallel=True): super(NLayerDiscriminator, self).init() self.use_parallel = use_parallel if type(norm_layer) == functools.partial: use_bias = norm_layer.func == nn.InstanceNorm2d else: use_bias = norm_layer == nn.InstanceNorm2d self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(input_nc, ndf, kernel_size=3, padding=1) self.conv_offset1 = nn.Conv2d(ndf, 18, kernel_size=3, stride=1, padding=1) init_offset1 = torch.Tensor(np.zeros([18, ndf, 3, 3])) self.conv_offset1.weight = torch.nn.Parameter(init_offset1) # 初始化为0 self.conv_mask1 = nn.Conv2d(ndf, 9, kernel_size=3, stride=1, padding=1) init_mask1 = torch.Tensor(np.zeros([9, ndf, 3, 3]) + np.array([0.5])) self.conv_mask1.weight = torch.nn.Parameter(init_mask1) # 初始化为0.5 kw = 4 padw = int(np.ceil((kw-1)/2)) nf_mult = 1 for n in range(1, n_layers): nf_mult_prev = nf_mult nf_mult = min(2n, 8) self.sequence2 = [ nn.Conv2d(ndf * nf_mult_prev, ndf * nf_mult, kernel_size=kw, stride=2, padding=padw, bias=use_bias), norm_layer(ndf * nf_mult), nn.LeakyReLU(0.2, True) ] nf_mult_prev = nf_mult nf_mult = min(2n_layers, 8) self.sequence2 += [ nn.Conv2d(ndf * nf_mult_prev, ndf * nf_mult, kernel_size=kw, stride=1, padding=padw, bias=use_bias), norm_layer(ndf * nf_mult), nn.LeakyReLU(0.2, True) ] self.sequence2 += [nn.Conv2d(ndf * nf_mult, 1, kernel_size=kw, stride=1, padding=padw)] if use_sigmoid: self.sequence2 += [nn.Sigmoid()] def forward(self, input): input = self.conv1(input) offset1 = self.conv_offset1(input) mask1 = torch.sigmoid(self.conv_mask1(input)) sequence1 = [ torchvision.ops.deform_conv2d(input=input, offset=offset1, weight=self.conv1.weight, mask=mask1, padding=(1, 1)) ] sequence2 = sequence1 + self.sequence2 self.model = nn.Sequential(*sequence2) nn.LeakyReLU(0.2, True) return self.model(input)，上述代码中：出现错误：torchvision.ops.deform_conv2d(input=input, offset=offset1,RuntimeError: Expected weight_c.size(1) * n_weight_grps == input_c.size(1) to be true, but got false. (Could this error message be improved? If so, please report an enhancement request to PyTorch.)

self.conv_offset1 = nn.Conv2d(ndf, ndf*2, kernel_size=3, stride=1, padding=1) init_offset1 = torch.Tensor(np.zeros([ndf*2, ndf, 3, 3])) self.conv_offset1.weight = torch.nn.Parameter(init_offset1) #...

将下列代码改写成伪代码：class AlexNet(nn.Module): def __init__(self, num_classes=3): super(AlexNet, self).__init__() self.features = nn.Sequential( nn.Conv2d(3, 64, kernel_size=11, stride=4, padding=2), nn.ReLU(inplace=True), nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=3, stride=2), nn.Conv2d(64, 192, kernel_size=5, padding=2), nn.ReLU(inplace=True), nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=3, stride=2), nn.Conv2d(192, 384, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True), nn.Conv2d(384, 256, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True), nn.Conv2d(256, 256, kernel_size=3, padding=1), nn.ReLU(inplace=True), nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=3, stride=2), ) self.avgpool = nn.AdaptiveAvgPool2d((6, 6)) self.classifier = nn.Sequential( nn.Dropout(), nn.Linear(256 * 6 * 6, 4096), nn.ReLU(inplace=True), nn.Dropout(), nn.Linear(4096, 4096), nn.ReLU(inplace=True), nn.Linear(4096, num_classes), ) def forward(self, x): x = self.features(x) x = self.avgpool(x) x = torch.flatten(x, 1) x = self.classifier(x) return x

卷积层 nn.Conv2d，输入通道数为 3，输出通道数为 64，核大小为 11，步长为 4，填充为 2 激活函数层 nn.ReLU，inplace 参数为 True 最大池化层 nn.MaxPool2d，核大小为 3，步长为 2 卷积层 nn.Conv2d，输入通道...
pdf

PyTorch之nn.ReLU与F.ReLU的区别介绍

我就废话不多说了，大家还是直接看代码吧~ import torch.nn as nn import torch.nn.functional as F import torch.nn as nn class AlexNet_1(nn.Module): ... nn.Conv2d(3, 64, kernel_size=3, stride=2, padding=1),
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U-net结构图及其Pytorch实现

import torch import torch.nn as nn import torch.nn.functional as F class double_conv(nn.Module): '''(conv => BN => ReLU) * 2''' def __init__(self, in_ch, out_... nn.Conv2d(in_ch, out_ch, 3, padding=1)
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基于pytorch中的Sequential用法说明

class torch.nn.Sequential(* args) 一个时序容器。Modules 会以他们传入的顺序被添加到容器中。当然，也可以传入一个OrderedDict。 为了更容易的理解如何使用Sequential, 下面给出了一个例子： # Example of using...
pdf

pytorch在fintune时将sequential中的层输出方法,以vgg为例

有时候我们在fintune时发现pytorch把许多层都集合在一个sequential里，但是我们希望能把中间层的结果引出来做下一步操作，于是我自己琢磨了一个方法，以vgg为... (2): Conv2d (64, 64, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1,

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