在OpenGL中绘制太阳、地球和月亮的运动模型。 当按下键盘“E”或“e”时，地球将实现自转；按下键盘“S”或“s”时，地球将绕太阳旋转。按下键盘“Y”或“y”时,月球将绕地球旋转，按下“l（L）”键显示线框模型，按下“F”或“f”键显示带光照的实体模型，三种天体在不同材质（反射率）下的光照效果 ，假设太阳不动，地球和月亮运动到不同位置的光照效果

这是一个比较复杂的问题，需要使用OpenGL进行建模和渲染，以及键盘事件处理。以下是代码的主要框架和思路：

1. 初始化OpenGL窗口和场景，包括视角、光照、材质等设置。
2. 创建太阳、地球和月亮的3D模型，包括几何形状、纹理贴图等。
3. 在每一帧中，更新天体的位置和旋转角度，并根据按键事件进行相应的操作。
4. 根据当前位置和光照设置计算每个天体的颜色和亮度，并进行渲染。

以下是可能的代码实现，仅供参考：

#include <GL/glut.h>
#include <cmath>

// 天体半径和距离比例
const float SUN_RADIUS = 6.96e8;
const float EARTH_RADIUS = 6.371e6;
const float MOON_RADIUS = 1.737e6;
const float EARTH_ORBIT = 1.496e11;
const float MOON_ORBIT = 3.844e8;

// 天体材质和光照设置
const GLfloat SUN_AMBIENT[] = { 1.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0 };
const GLfloat SUN_DIFFUSE[] = { 1.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0 };
const GLfloat SUN_SPECULAR[] = { 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0 };
const GLfloat SUN_SHININESS = 100.0;
const GLfloat EARTH_AMBIENT[] = { 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.0 };
const GLfloat EARTH_DIFFUSE[] = { 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.0 };
const GLfloat EARTH_SPECULAR[] = { 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0 };
const GLfloat EARTH_SHININESS = 50.0;
const GLfloat MOON_AMBIENT[] = { 0.7, 0.7, 0.7, 1.0 };
const GLfloat MOON_DIFFUSE[] = { 0.7, 0.7, 0.7, 1.0 };
const GLfloat MOON_SPECULAR[] = { 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0 };
const GLfloat MOON_SHININESS = 10.0;
const GLfloat LIGHT_POSITION[] = { 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0 };
const GLfloat LIGHT_AMBIENT[] = { 0.2, 0.2, 0.2, 1.0 };
const GLfloat LIGHT_DIFFUSE[] = { 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0 };
const GLfloat LIGHT_SPECULAR[] = { 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0 };

// 天体的位置和旋转角度
float sunAngle = 0.0;
float earthAngle = 0.0;
float moonAngle = 0.0;
bool earthRotation = false;
bool earthOrbit = false;
bool moonOrbit = false;
bool wireframe = false;
bool lighting = true;

// 创建天体的3D模型
void createSphere(float radius, int slices, int stacks) {
    GLUquadricObj* quadric = gluNewQuadric();
    gluQuadricTexture(quadric, GL_TRUE);
    gluSphere(quadric, radius, slices, stacks);
    gluDeleteQuadric(quadric);
}

void createSun() {
    if (wireframe) {
        glutWireSphere(SUN_RADIUS, 32, 32);
    } else {
        glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_AMBIENT, SUN_AMBIENT);
        glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_DIFFUSE, SUN_DIFFUSE);
        glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_SPECULAR, SUN_SPECULAR);
        glMaterialf(GL_FRONT, GL_SHININESS, SUN_SHININESS);
        createSphere(SUN_RADIUS, 32, 32);
    }
}

void createEarth() {
    if (wireframe) {
        glutWireSphere(EARTH_RADIUS, 32, 32);
    } else {
        glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_AMBIENT, EARTH_AMBIENT);
        glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_DIFFUSE, EARTH_DIFFUSE);
        glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_SPECULAR, EARTH_SPECULAR);
        glMaterialf(GL_FRONT, GL_SHININESS, EARTH_SHININESS);
        createSphere(EARTH_RADIUS, 32, 32);
    }
}

void createMoon() {
    if (wireframe) {
        glutWireSphere(MOON_RADIUS, 16, 16);
    } else {
        glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_AMBIENT, MOON_AMBIENT);
        glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_DIFFUSE, MOON_DIFFUSE);
        glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_SPECULAR, MOON_SPECULAR);
        glMaterialf(GL_FRONT, GL_SHININESS, MOON_SHININESS);
        createSphere(MOON_RADIUS, 16, 16);
    }
}

// 更新天体的位置和旋转角度
void updateSun() {
    // 太阳不动
}

void updateEarth() {
    if (earthRotation) {
        earthAngle += 0.5;
        if (earthAngle > 360.0) {
            earthAngle -= 360.0;
        }
    }
    if (earthOrbit) {
        earthAngle += 0.1;
        if (earthAngle > 360.0) {
            earthAngle -= 360.0;
        }
    }
}

void updateMoon() {
    if (moonOrbit) {
        moonAngle += 1.2;
        if (moonAngle > 360.0) {
            moonAngle -= 360.0;
        }
    }
}

// 根据当前位置和光照设置计算颜色和亮度
void computeColor(float radius, GLfloat* ambient, GLfloat* diffuse, GLfloat* specular, GLfloat* shininess) {
    GLfloat distance = sqrtf(LIGHT_POSITION[0] * LIGHT_POSITION[0] + LIGHT_POSITION[1] * LIGHT_POSITION[1] + LIGHT_POSITION[2] * LIGHT_POSITION[2]);
    GLfloat attenuation = 1.0 / (1.0 + 0.0001 * distance + 0.00000001 * distance * distance);
    GLfloat intensity = attenuation * LIGHT_DIFFUSE[0];
    GLfloat angle = acosf(LIGHT_POSITION[2] / distance);
    GLfloat height = radius * sinf(angle);
    GLfloat slope = height / radius;
    GLfloat aspect = LIGHT_POSITION[0] / LIGHT_POSITION[1];
    GLfloat azimuth = atanf(aspect);
    GLfloat orientation = LIGHT_POSITION[1] > 0 ? 1.0 : -1.0;
    GLfloat rotation = (azimuth + orientation * slope) / M_PI;
    if (rotation < 0.0) {
        rotation += 2.0;
    }
    GLfloat r = 0.8 + 0.2 * rotation;
    GLfloat g = 0.5 + 0.5 * sinf(height / 1000.0);
    GLfloat b = 0.2 + 0.8 * sinf(height / 5000.0);
    ambient[0] = diffuse[0] = specular[0] = intensity * r;
    ambient[1] = diffuse[1] = specular[1] = intensity * g;
    ambient[2] = diffuse[2] = specular[2] = intensity * b;
    *shininess = 10.0 + 90.0 * sinf(height / 10000.0);
}

void computeSunColor() {
    computeColor(SUN_RADIUS, SUN_AMBIENT, SUN_DIFFUSE, SUN_SPECULAR, &SUN_SHININESS);
}

void computeEarthColor() {
    computeColor(EARTH_RADIUS, EARTH_AMBIENT, EARTH_DIFFUSE, EARTH_SPECULAR, &EARTH_SHININESS);
}

void computeMoonColor() {
    computeColor(MOON_RADIUS, MOON_AMBIENT, MOON_DIFFUSE, MOON_SPECULAR, &MOON_SHININESS);
}

// 渲染场景
void display() {
    glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);

    // 设置视角和光照
    glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
    glLoadIdentity();
    gluLookAt(0.0, 0.0, 5.0e11, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0);
    glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_POSITION, LIGHT_POSITION);
    if (lighting) {
        glEnable(GL_LIGHTING);
        glEnable(GL_LIGHT0);
        glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_AMBIENT, LIGHT_AMBIENT);
        glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_DIFFUSE, LIGHT_DIFFUSE);
        glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_SPECULAR, LIGHT_SPECULAR);
    } else {
        glDisable(GL_LIGHTING);
    }

    // 绘制太阳、地球和月亮
    glPushMatrix();
    computeSunColor();
    glRotatef(sunAngle, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0);
    createSun();
    glPopMatrix();

    glPushMatrix();
    computeEarthColor();
    glRotatef(earthAngle, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0);
    glTranslatef(EARTH_ORBIT, 0.0, 0.0);
    createEarth();

    glPushMatrix();
    computeMoonColor();
    glRotatef(moonAngle, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0);
    glTranslatef(MOON_ORBIT, 0.0, 0.0);
    createMoon();
    glPopMatrix();

    glPopMatrix();

    glutSwapBuffers();
}

// 处理键盘事件
void keyboard(unsigned char key, int x, int y) {
    switch (key) {
        case 'e':
        case 'E':
            earthRotation = !earthRotation;
            break;
        case 's':
        case 'S':
            earthOrbit = !earthOrbit;
            break;
        case 'y':
        case 'Y':
            moonOrbit = !moonOrbit;
            break;
        case 'l':
        case 'L':
            wireframe = !wireframe;
            break;
        case 'f':
        case 'F':
            lighting = !lighting;
            break;
    }
}

// 初始化OpenGL窗口和场景
void init() {
    glClearColor(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    glShadeModel(GL_SMOOTH);
    glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
    glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D);
    glEnable(GL_NORMALIZE);
    glEnable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL);
    glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
    glLoadIdentity();
    gluPerspective(60.0, 1.0, 0.1, 1.0e15);
    glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
    glLoadIdentity();
    glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_SPECULAR, SUN_SPECULAR);
    glMaterialf(GL_FRONT, GL_SHININESS, SUN_SHININESS);
}

// 主函数
int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
    glutInit(&argc, argv);
    glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_RGBA | GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_DEPTH);
    glutInitWindowSize(800, 800);
    glutCreateWindow("Solar System");
    glutDisplayFunc(display);
    glutIdleFunc(display);
    glutKeyboardFunc(keyboard);
    init();
    glutMainLoop();
    return 0;
}

注意，这只是一个简单的实现，并没有考虑到很多细节，比如天体的轨道形状、倾斜角度等，还有光照计算的精度和效率问题。实际上，这个问题可以拆分成多个子问题，每个子问题都需要更加详细的实现和调试。但是，这个代码可以作为一个基础框架，供进一步学习和改进。