有理数的加减乘除运算c++

以下是 C++ 中有理数的加减乘除运算示例代码：

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class Rational {
private:
    int numerator; // 分子
    int denominator; // 分母

public:
    // 构造函数
    Rational(int numerator = 0, int denominator = 1) {
        if (denominator == 0) {
            cout << "Error: denominator cannot be 0!" << endl;
            exit(1);
        }
        if (numerator == 0) {
            this->numerator = 0;
            this->denominator = 1;
        } else {
            int gcd = getGCD(numerator, denominator);
            this->numerator = numerator / gcd;
            this->denominator = denominator / gcd;
            if (this->denominator < 0) {
                this->numerator = -this->numerator;
                this->denominator = -this->denominator;
            }
        }
    }

    // 获取最大公约数
    int getGCD(int a, int b) {
        if (b == 0) return a;
        return getGCD(b, a % b);
    }

    // 加法运算
    Rational operator+(Rational const& r) {
        int newNumerator = this->numerator * r.denominator + r.numerator * this->denominator;
        int newDenominator = this->denominator * r.denominator;
        return Rational(newNumerator, newDenominator);
    }

    // 减法运算
    Rational operator-(Rational const& r) {
        int newNumerator = this->numerator * r.denominator - r.numerator * this->denominator;
        int newDenominator = this->denominator * r.denominator;
        return Rational(newNumerator, newDenominator);
    }

    // 乘法运算
    Rational operator*(Rational const& r) {
        int newNumerator = this->numerator * r.numerator;
        int newDenominator = this->denominator * r.denominator;
        return Rational(newNumerator, newDenominator);
    }

    // 除法运算
    Rational operator/(Rational const& r) {
        if (r.numerator == 0) {
            cout << "Error: division by 0!" << endl;
            exit(1);
        }
        int newNumerator = this->numerator * r.denominator;
        int newDenominator = this->denominator * r.numerator;
        return Rational(newNumerator, newDenominator);
    }

    // 输出有理数
    friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, Rational const& r) {
        if (r.denominator == 1) {
            os << r.numerator;
        } else {
            os << r.numerator << "/" << r.denominator;
        }
        return os;
    }
};

int main() {
    Rational a(1, 2);
    Rational b(3, 4);
    Rational c = a + b;
    Rational d = a - b;
    Rational e = a * b;
    Rational f = a / b;
    cout << "a = " << a << endl;
    cout << "b = " << b << endl;
    cout << "a + b = " << c << endl;
    cout << "a - b = " << d << endl;
    cout << "a * b = " << e << endl;
    cout << "a / b = " << f << endl;
    return 0;
}

输出结果：

a = 1/2
b = 3/4
a + b = 5/4
a - b = -1/4
a * b = 3/8
a / b = 2/3