python实现归结演绎推理_归结演绎推理
时间: 2023-09-02 10:15:55 浏览: 141
归结演绎推理是一种基于逻辑的推理方法,其步骤主要包括归结、反演和使用。Python可以通过实现相应的算法来进行归结演绎推理。
下面是一个简单的归结演绎推理的Python示例代码:
```
# 定义初始的前提和目标
premises = [
{'A', 'B', 'C'},
{'~C', '~B', 'D'},
{'~A', 'D'},
]
target = {'~D'}
def negate(literal):
if literal.startswith('~'):
return literal[1:]
else:
return '~' + literal
# 实现归结
def resolve(ci, cj):
resolvents = []
for li in ci:
for lj in cj:
if li == negate(lj):
resolvent = set(ci).union(set(cj))
resolvent.remove(li)
resolvent.remove(lj)
resolvents.append(frozenset(resolvent))
return resolvents
# 实现反演
def negate_clause(clause):
return {negate(literal) for literal in clause}
# 实现归结推理
def resolution(premises, target):
clauses = [frozenset(premise) for premise in premises]
clauses.append(negate_clause(target))
new = set()
while True:
n = len(clauses)
pairs = [(clauses[i], clauses[j]) for i in range(n) for j in range(i+1, n)]
for (ci, cj) in pairs:
resolvents = resolve(ci, cj)
if not resolvents:
return False
for resolvent in resolvents:
if resolvent in clauses:
continue
new.add(resolvent)
if new.issubset(clauses):
return False
for clause in new:
clauses.append(clause)
if negate_clause(target) in clauses:
return True
# 进行推理
result = resolution(premises, target)
if result:
print('能够推出目标!')
else:
print('不能够推出目标!')
```
这段代码中,我们首先定义了一个初始的前提和目标,然后实现了`negate`函数来对一个命题进行否定,实现了`resolve`函数来对两个子句进行归结,并实现了`negate_clause`函数来对一个子句进行否定。
最后,我们实现了`resolution`函数来进行归结推理,并在主函数中调用该函数来进行推理。最终,程序输出能否推出目标。
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