写出matlab的遗传算法实现
时间: 2023-11-02 07:00:21 浏览: 74
以下是一个简单的 MATLAB 遗传算法实现的示例:
```matlab
% 定义遗传算法的参数
popSize = 50; % 种群大小
chromLen = 20; % 染色体长度
maxGen = 100; % 最大迭代次数
pc = 0.8; % 交叉概率
pm = 0.01; % 变异概率
% 初始化种群
pop = randi([0, 1], popSize, chromLen);
% 迭代
for i = 1:maxGen
% 计算适应度
fitness = sum(pop, 2);
% 选择
prob = fitness / sum(fitness);
cumProb = cumsum(prob);
matingPool = zeros(popSize, chromLen);
for j = 1:popSize
r = rand();
idx = find(cumProb >= r, 1);
matingPool(j, :) = pop(idx, :);
end
% 交叉
for j = 1:popSize/2
if rand() < pc
k = randi([1, chromLen-1]);
temp = matingPool(2*j-1, k+1:end);
matingPool(2*j-1, k+1:end) = matingPool(2*j, k+1:end);
matingPool(2*j, k+1:end) = temp;
end
end
% 变异
for j = 1:popSize
for k = 1:chromLen
if rand() < pm
matingPool(j, k) = ~matingPool(j, k);
end
end
end
% 更新种群
pop = matingPool;
end
% 找到最优解
fitness = sum(pop, 2);
[~, idx] = max(fitness);
bestSolution = pop(idx, :);
```
这个例子中,我们使用二进制编码来表示染色体,其中 0 表示基因没有被选中,1 表示基因被选中。在初始化种群之后,我们计算每个个体的适应度,选择操作使用轮盘赌算法(也称为比例选择),交叉操作使用单点交叉,变异操作使用随机单点变异。最终,我们找到最优解,该解是具有最高适应度的个体。
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