使用类与对象运算符重载实现矩阵类类型加减乘除

好的，这是一个关于矩阵类类型加减乘除的示例代码，使用运算符重载实现：

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;

class Matrix {
public:
    Matrix(int rows, int cols) {
        this->rows = rows;
        this->cols = cols;
        data = vector<vector<double>>(rows, vector<double>(cols, 0));
    }

    Matrix operator+(const Matrix& m) const {
        if (rows != m.rows || cols != m.cols) {
            throw invalid_argument("Cannot add matrices of different sizes");
        }

        Matrix result(rows, cols);
        for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++) {
                result.data[i][j] = data[i][j] + m.data[i][j];
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    Matrix operator-(const Matrix& m) const {
        if (rows != m.rows || cols != m.cols) {
            throw invalid_argument("Cannot subtract matrices of different sizes");
        }

        Matrix result(rows, cols);
        for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++) {
                result.data[i][j] = data[i][j] - m.data[i][j];
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    Matrix operator*(const Matrix& m) const {
        if (cols != m.rows) {
            throw invalid_argument("Cannot multiply matrices of incompatible sizes");
        }

        Matrix result(rows, m.cols);
        for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++) {
                double sum = 0;
                for (int k = 0; k < cols; k++) {
                    sum += data[i][k] * m.data[k][j];
                }
                result.data[i][j] = sum;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    Matrix operator/(double scalar) const {
        Matrix result(rows, cols);
        for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++) {
                result.data[i][j] = data[i][j] / scalar;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const Matrix& m) {
        for (int i = 0; i < m.rows; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < m.cols; j++) {
                os << m.data[i][j] << " ";
            }
            os << endl;
        }
        return os;
    }

private:
    int rows;
    int cols;
    vector<vector<double>> data;
};

int main() {
    Matrix a(2, 3);
    a = {{1, 2, 3},
         {4, 5, 6}};

    Matrix b(3, 2);
    b = {{7, 8},
         {9, 10},
         {11, 12}};

    Matrix c = a * b;
    cout << c << endl;

    Matrix d = a + a;
    cout << d << endl;

    Matrix e = a - a;
    cout << e << endl;

    Matrix f = a / 2;
    cout << f << endl;

    return 0;
}

这个示例代码包含了矩阵的加减乘除四个运算符重载，以及一个友元函数输出矩阵。你可以在这个示例代码的基础上，自己实现一个矩阵类类型。