f_pow = torch.pow(f, 2) f_mean = torch.mean(f_pow) f = torch.div(f, f_mean) global_context.append(f)

这是一段 Python 代码，其中使用了 PyTorch 库中的一些函数。它的作用是将张量 f 中的每个元素平方，然后计算平均值，最后将 f 中的每个元素除以平均值，并将结果添加到全局上下文列表 global_context 中。

相关问题

Focal loss代码如下：class FocalLoss(nn.Module): def init(self, alpha=1, gamma=2, weight=None): super(FocalLoss, self).init() self.alpha = alpha self.gamma = gamma def forward(self, x: torch.Tensor, target: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor: log_probs = F.log_softmax(x, dim=-1) probs = torch.exp(log_probs) focal_loss = -self.alpha * (torch.pow((1 - probs), self.gamma)) * log_probs loss = torch.sum(target * focal_loss, dim=-1) return loss.mean() LDAM loss 代码如下：class LDAMLoss(nn.Module): def init(self, cls_num_list, max_m=0.5, weight=None, s=30): super(LDAMLoss, self).init() m_list = 1.0 / np.sqrt(np.sqrt(cls_num_list)) m_list = m_list * (max_m / np.max(m_list)) m_list = torch.cuda.FloatTensor(m_list) self.m_list = m_list assert s > 0 self.s = s self.weight = weight def forward(self, x, target): index = torch.zeros_like(x, dtype=torch.uint8) index.scatter_(1, target.data.view(-1, 1), 1) index_float = index.type(torch.cuda.FloatTensor) batch_m = torch.matmul(self.m_list[None, :], index_float.transpose(0,1)) batch_m = batch_m.view((-1, 1)) x_m = x - batch_m output = torch.where(index, x_m, x) return F.cross_entropy(self.s*output, target, weight=self.weight) LMF loss 是Focal loss 和LDAM loss两个损失函数的加权求和，请用pytorch代码实现LMF损失函数并在模型训练中使用

下面是LMF损失函数的PyTorch代码实现，并在模型训练中使用：

import torch.nn.functional as F

class LMF(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, cls_num_list, max_m=0.5, weight=None, s=30, alpha=0.25, gamma=2, beta=0.5):
        super(LMF, self).__init__()
        self.focal_loss = FocalLoss(alpha=alpha, gamma=gamma, weight=weight)
        self.ldam_loss = LDAMLoss(cls_num_list, max_m=max_m, weight=weight, s=s)
        self.alpha = alpha
        self.beta = beta

    def forward(self, x, target):
        focal_loss = self.focal_loss(x, target)
        ldam_loss = self.ldam_loss(x, target)
        loss = self.alpha * focal_loss + self.beta * ldam_loss
        return loss

# 在模型训练中使用LMF损失函数
model = MyModel()
criterion = LMF(cls_num_list, max_m, weight, s, alpha, gamma, beta)
optimizer = torch.optim.Adam(model.parameters(), lr=0.001)

...
# 在每个epoch的训练过程中，计算损失并进行优化
for inputs, labels in dataloader:
    optimizer.zero_grad()
    outputs = model(inputs)
    loss = criterion(outputs, labels)
    loss.backward()
    optimizer.step()

在使用LMF损失函数时，需要传入cls_num_list、max_m、weight、s、alpha、gamma、beta这些参数，并将其作为criterion传入模型训练过程中。在每个epoch的训练过程中，计算损失并进行优化即可。

帮我给每一行代码添加注释 class DeepKalmanFilter(nn.Module): def __init__(self, config): super(DeepKalmanFilter, self).__init__() self.emitter = Emitter(config.z_dim, config.emit_hidden_dim, config.obs_dim) self.transition = Transition(config.z_dim, config.trans_hidden_dim) self.posterior = Posterior( config.z_dim, config.post_hidden_dim, config.obs_dim ) self.z_q_0 = nn.Parameter(torch.zeros(config.z_dim)) self.emit_log_sigma = nn.Parameter(config.emit_log_sigma * torch.ones(config.obs_dim)) self.config = config @staticmethod def reparametrization(mu, sig): return mu + torch.randn_like(sig) * sig @staticmethod def kl_div(mu0, sig0, mu1, sig1): return -0.5 * torch.sum(1 - 2 * sig1.log() + 2 * sig0.log() - (mu1 - mu0).pow(2) / sig1.pow(2) - (sig0 / sig1).pow(2)) def loss(self, obs): time_step = obs.size(1) batch_size = obs.size(0) overshoot_len = self.config.overshooting kl = torch.Tensor([0]).to(self.config.device) reconstruction = torch.Tensor([0]).to(self.config.device) emit_sig = self.emit_log_sigma.exp() for s in range(self.config.sampling_num): z_q_t = self.z_q_0.expand((batch_size, self.config.z_dim)) for t in range(time_step): trans_loc, trans_sig = self.transition(z_q_t) post_loc, post_sig = self.posterior(trans_loc, trans_sig, obs[:, t]) z_q_t = self.reparametrization(post_loc, post_sig) emit_loc = self.emitter(z_q_t) reconstruction += ((emit_loc - obs[:, t]).pow(2).sum(dim=0) / 2 / emit_sig + self.emit_log_sigma * batch_size / 2).sum() if t > 0: over_loc, over_sig = self.transition(overshooting[:overshoot_len - 1]) over_loc = torch.cat([trans_loc.unsqueeze(0), over_loc], dim=0) over_sig = torch.cat([trans_sig.unsqueeze(0), over_sig], dim=0) else: over_loc = trans_loc.unsqueeze(0) over_sig = trans_sig.unsqueeze(0) overshooting = self.reparametrization(over_loc, over_sig) kl = kl + self.kl_div(post_loc.expand_as(over_loc), post_sig.expand_as(over_sig), over_loc, over_sig) / min(t + 1, self.config.overshooting) reconstruction = reconstruction / self.config.sampling_num kl = kl / self.config.sampling_num return reconstruction, kl

答：class DeepKalmanFilter(nn.Module): # 定义深度Kalman滤波器类
def __init__(self, config): # 初始化
super(DeepKalmanFilter, self).__init__() # 调用父类构造函数
self.emitter = Emitter(config.z_dim, config.emit_hidden_dim, config.obs_dim) # 实例化发射器
self.transition = Transition(config.z_dim, config.trans_hidden_dim) # 实例化转换器
self.posterior = Posterior(config.z_dim, config.post_hidden_dim, config.obs_dim) # 实例化后验概率
self.z_q_0 = nn.Parameter(torch.zeros(config.z_dim)) # 设置参数z_q_0
self.emit_log_sigma = nn.Parameter(config.emit_log_sigma * torch.ones(config.obs_dim)) # 发射标准差参数
self.config = config # 配置参数 @staticmethod
def reparametrization(mu, sig): # 重置参数
return mu + torch.randn_like(sig) * sig # 根据均值和标准差重置参数 @staticmethod
def kl_div(mu0, sig0, mu1, sig1): # 计算KL散度
return -0.5 * torch.sum(1 - 2 * sig1.log() + 2 * sig0.log() - (mu1 - mu0).pow(2) / sig1.pow(2) - (sig0 / sig1).pow(2)) # 计算KL散度 def loss(self, obs): # 损失函数
time_step = obs.size(1) # 观测序列的时间步数
batch_size = obs.size(0) # 批量大小
overshoot_len = self.config.overshooting # 超调量
kl = torch.Tensor([0]).to(self.config.device) # kl散度
reconstruction = torch.Tensor([0]).to(self.config.device) # 构建重构误差
emit_sig = self.emit_log_sigma.exp() # 发射标准差
for s in range(self.config.sampling_num): # 采样次数
z_q_t = self.z_q_0.expand((batch_size, self.config.z_dim)) # 估计量初始化
for t in range(time_step): # 遍历每一时刻
trans_loc, trans_sig = self.transition(z_q_t) # 更新转换器
post_loc, post_sig = self.posterior(trans_loc, trans_sig, obs[:, t]) # 更新后验概率
z_q_t = self.reparametrization(post_loc, post_sig) # 重新参数化
emit_loc = self.emitter(z_q_t) # 计算发射器
reconstruction += ((emit_loc - obs[:, t]).pow(2).sum(dim=0) / 2 / emit_sig +
self.emit_log_sigma * batch_size / 2).sum() # 计算重构误差
if t > 0: # 如果不是第一步
over_loc, over_sig = self.transition(overshooting[:overshoot_len - 1]) # 计算超调量
over_loc = torch.cat([trans_loc.unsqueeze(0), over_loc], dim=0) # 转换器的位置
over_sig = torch.cat([trans_sig.unsqueeze(0), over_sig], dim=0) # 转换器的协方差
else: # 如果是第一步
over_loc = trans_loc.unsqueeze(0) # 转换器的位