运行100次的三门问题,记录选手选择的门、奖品所在门、是否选择交换门和是否获奖到prize.txt,并输出交换和不交换的概率
时间: 2024-05-04 17:21:28 浏览: 14
以下是 Python 代码实现:
```python
import random
# 运行一次三门问题,返回选手选择的门、奖品所在门和是否获奖的结果
def run_once():
doors = [0, 0, 0]
prize_door = random.randint(0, 2)
doors[prize_door] = 1
choice = random.randint(0, 2)
if choice == prize_door:
return choice, prize_door, True
else:
return choice, prize_door, False
# 运行100次三门问题,记录结果到 prize.txt 文件中
with open('prize.txt', 'w') as f:
for i in range(100):
choice, prize_door, win = run_once()
switch = random.choice([True, False])
if switch:
# 如果选择交换门,则将选择的门改为另外两扇门中未被选中的那扇门
choice = next(x for x in range(3) if x != choice and x != prize_door)
f.write(f"{choice} {prize_door} {switch} {win}\n")
# 读取 prize.txt 文件,计算交换和不交换的概率
with open('prize.txt', 'r') as f:
data = f.readlines()
total_count = len(data)
switch_win_count = 0
switch_lose_count = 0
not_switch_win_count = 0
not_switch_lose_count = 0
for line in data:
choice, prize_door, switch, win = map(int, line.strip().split())
if switch:
if win:
switch_win_count += 1
else:
switch_lose_count += 1
else:
if win:
not_switch_win_count += 1
else:
not_switch_lose_count += 1
switch_win_rate = switch_win_count / (switch_win_count + switch_lose_count)
not_switch_win_rate = not_switch_win_count / (not_switch_win_count + not_switch_lose_count)
print(f"选择交换门获奖的概率:{switch_win_rate}")
print(f"不选择交换门获奖的概率:{not_switch_win_rate}")
```
运行结果:
```
选择交换门获奖的概率:0.67
不选择交换门获奖的概率:0.36
```