Oracle数据库用户会话管理:监控、终止和管理用户会话,掌控用户活动

发布时间: 2024-07-26 15:06:22 阅读量: 68 订阅数: 30
![Oracle数据库用户会话管理:监控、终止和管理用户会话,掌控用户活动](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20191213133728405.PNG?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQxODA4MjE3,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70) # 1. Oracle数据库用户会话概述** Oracle数据库会话是用户与数据库交互的逻辑连接。每个会话都代表一个用户或进程与数据库的交互,并分配了特定的资源和权限。会话信息存储在系统视图中,如V$SESSION,可用于监控和管理用户活动。 会话具有以下关键属性: - **会话ID:**唯一标识会话的数字。 - **用户名:**与会话关联的数据库用户。 - **状态:**会话的当前状态,例如活动、空闲或终止。 - **机器:**会话连接的客户端计算机的名称。 - **程序:**会话使用的应用程序或工具。 # 2. 用户会话监控 ### 2.1 实时会话监控工具 实时会话监控工具允许DBA监视当前正在运行的会话。这些工具对于识别问题会话、诊断性能问题和确保数据库系统的平稳运行至关重要。 #### 2.1.1 V$SESSION视图 V$SESSION视图提供有关当前活动会话的实时信息。它包含有关会话ID、用户名、连接时间、活动状态、资源使用情况等信息。 ```sql SELECT * FROM V$SESSION; ``` **参数说明:** * SESSION_ID:会话的唯一标识符。 * USERNAME:连接到会话的用户名。 * START_TIME:会话的开始时间。 * STATUS:会话的当前状态,例如ACTIVE、INACTIVE、WAITING。 * MACHINE:会话连接的客户端机器的名称。 * MODULE:会话正在执行的模块的名称。 * SQL_ID:会话正在执行的SQL语句的ID。 * LAST_CALL_ET:自会话上次调用以来经过的毫秒数。 **逻辑分析:** V$SESSION视图提供了一个会话的快照,显示其当前状态和活动。通过分析此信息,DBA可以识别长时间运行的会话、阻塞会话或资源密集型会话。 #### 2.1.2 V$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY视图 V$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY视图提供有关最近活动的会话的历史记录。它包含与V$SESSION视图类似的信息,但还包括会话的结束时间和执行的SQL语句的文本。 ```sql SELECT * FROM V$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY; ``` **参数说明:** * SESSION_ID:会话的唯一标识符。 * USERNAME:连接到会话的用户名。 * START_TIME:会话的开始时间。 * END_TIME:会话的结束时间。 * STATUS:会话的当前状态,例如ACTIVE、INACTIVE、WAITING。 * MACHINE:会话连接的客户端机器的名称。 * MODULE:会话正在执行的模块的名称。 * SQL_ID:会话正在执行的SQL语句的ID。 * SQL_TEXT:会话正在执行的SQL语句的文本。 **逻辑分析:** V$ACTIVE_SESSION_
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LI_李波

资深数据库专家
北理工计算机硕士,曾在一家全球领先的互联网巨头公司担任数据库工程师,负责设计、优化和维护公司核心数据库系统,在大规模数据处理和数据库系统架构设计方面颇有造诣。
专栏简介
本专栏深入探讨了 Oracle 数据库用户管理的方方面面,为数据库管理员和开发人员提供了全面的指南。从创建、修改和删除用户到授予、撤销和管理用户权限,再到监控、终止和管理用户会话,本专栏涵盖了用户管理的所有关键方面。此外,它还探讨了用户安全最佳实践、用户角色和组管理、用户审计、数据字典、性能优化、连接管理、会话变量、临时表空间、回滚段、视图、触发器、存储过程、函数和包。通过深入了解这些主题,读者将掌握管理 Oracle 数据库用户所需的技能和知识,从而确保数据安全、优化性能并简化管理。

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