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快速入门：Python3最佳实战指南

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"《快速Python》（The Quick Python Book, Second Edition）是一本备受推荐的Python入门书籍，由Vernon L. Ceder撰写，第二版特别针对Python 3进行了覆盖。这本书是基于Daryl K. Harms和Kenneth M. McDonald的第一版修订而成，旨在为初学者提供高效且易于理解的Python学习体验。它以简洁明快的方式介绍了Python语言的基础知识和核心概念，包括语法、数据类型、控制结构、函数、模块和面向对象编程等。该书的特点在于其实用性和实用性，适合那些希望通过快速掌握这门流行编程语言来提升技能的人群。无论是希望进入IT行业的新人，还是希望在现有项目中引入Python的开发者，都能从中受益匪浅。Manning出版社出版的此书不仅提供纸质版本，还鼓励读者访问官网manning.com获取更多在线资源和订购信息，同时提供了批量购买的优惠。版权方面，本书享有Manning Publications Co.的版权保护，任何未经许可的复制、存储或传输行为都必须获得书面授权。书中提到的一些制造商和销售商的产品名称可能被标记为商标，这是行业惯例，以示区分。对于想要系统学习Python或者提升Python编程能力的读者来说，《快速Python》是一本不可多得的参考资料，它的详细指导和清晰讲解将帮助你在Python的世界里迅速上手并逐步深入。"

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CONTENTS

20.3 Giving an object full list capability 252

20.4 Subclassing from built-in types 254

Subclassing list 254

■

Subclassing UserList 255

20.5 When to use special method attributes 256

20.6 Metaclasses 256

20.7 Abstract base classes 258

Using abstract base classes for type checking 259

■

Creating

abstract base classes 260

■

Using the @abstractmethod and

@abstractproperty decorators 260

20.8 Summary 262

PART 4WHERE CAN YOU GO FROM HERE? ................. 263

Testing your code made easy(-er) 265

21.1 Why you need to have tests 265

21.2 The assert statement 266

Python’s __debug__ variable 266

21.3 Tests in docstrings: doctests 267

Avoiding doctest traps 269

■

Tweaking doctests with

directives 269

■

Pros and cons of doctests 270

21.4 Using unit tests to test everything, every time 270

Setting up and running a single test case 270

■

Running the

test 272

■

Running multiple tests 272

■

Unit tests vs.

doctests 273

21.5 Summary 273

Moving from Python 2 to Python 3 274

22.1 Porting from 2 to 3 274

Steps in porting from Python 2.x to 3.x 275

22.2 Testing with Python 2.6 and -3 276

22.3 Using 2to3 to convert the code 277

22.4 Testing and common problems 279

22.5 Using the same code for 2 and 3 280

Using Python 2.5 or earlier 280

■

Writing for Python 3.x and

converting back 281

22.6 Summary 281

Licensed to Kerri Ross <pedbro@gmail.com>

CONTENTS

xvi

Using Python libraries 282

23.1 “Batteries included”—the standard library 282

Managing various data types 283

■

Manipulating files and

storage 284

■

Accessing operating system services 285

■

Using

internet protocols and formats 286

■

Development and debugging

tools and runtime services 286

23.2 Moving beyond the standard library 287

23.3 Adding more Python libraries 287

23.4 Installing Python libraries using setup.py 288

Installing under the home scheme 288

■

Other installation

options 289

23.5 PyPI, a.k.a. “the Cheese Shop” 289

23.6 Summary 289

Network, web, and database programming 290

24.1 Accessing databases in Python 291

Using the sqlite3 database 291

24.2 Network programming in Python 293

Creating an instant HTTP server 293

■

Writing an HTTP

client 294

24.3 Creating a Python web application 295

Using the web server gateway interface 295

■

Using the wsgi

library to create a basic web app 295

■

Using frameworks to create

advanced web apps 296

24.4 Sample project—creating a message wall 297

Creating the database 297

■

Creating an application

object 298

■

Adding a form and retrieving its contents

298

■

Saving the form’s contents 299

■

Parsing the URL and

retrieving messages 300

■

Adding an HTML wrapper 303

24.5 Summary 304

appendix 305

index 323

Licensed to Kerri Ross <pedbro@gmail.com>

xvii

preface

I’ve been coding in Python for a number of years, longer than any other language I’ve

ever used. I use Python for system administration, for web applications, for database

management, and sometimes just to help myself think clearly.

To be honest, I’m sometimes a little surprised that Python has worn so well. Based

on my earlier experience, I would have expected that by now some other language

would have come along that was faster, cooler, sexier, whatever. Indeed, other lan-

guages have come along, but none that helped me do what I needed to do quite as

effectively as Python. In fact, the more I use Python and the more I understand it, the

more I feel the quality of my programming improve and mature.

This is a second edition, and my mantra in updating has been, “If it ain’t broke,

don’t fix it.” Much of the content has been freshened for Python 3 but is largely as

written in the first edition. Of course, the world of Python has changed since Python

1.5, so in several places I’ve had to make significant changes or add new material. On

those occasions I’ve done my best to make the new material compatible with the clear

and low-key style of the original.

For me, the aim of this book is to share the positive experiences I’ve gotten from

coding in Python by introducing people to Python 3, the latest and, in my opinion,

the best version of Python to date. May your journey be as satisfying as mine has been.

Licensed to Kerri Ross <pedbro@gmail.com>

xviii

acknowledgments

I want to thank David Fugate of LaunchBooks for getting me into this book in the first

place and for all of the support and advice he has provided over the years. I can’t

imagine having a better agent and friend. I also need to thank Michael Stephens of

Manning for pushing the idea of doing a second edition of this book and supporting

me in my efforts to make it as good as the first. Also at Manning, many thanks to every

person who worked on this project, with special thanks to Marjan Bace for his support,

Tara Walsh for guidance in the development phases, Mary Piergies for getting the

book (and me) through the production process, Linda Recktenwald for her patience

in copy editing, and Tiffany Taylor for proofreading. I also owe a huge debt to Will

Kahn-Greene for all of the astute advice he gave both as a technical reviewer and in

doing the technical proofing. Thanks, Will, you saved me from myself more times

than I can count. Likewise, hearty thanks to the many reviewers whose insights and

feedback were of immense help: Nick Lo, Michele Galli, Andy Dingley, Mohamed

Lamkadem, Robby O'Connor, Amos Bannister, Joshua Miller, Christian Marquardt,

Andrew Rhine, Anthony Briggs, Carlton Gibson, Craig Smith, Daniel McKinnon,

David McWhirter, Edmon Begoli, Elliot Winard, Horaci Macias, Massimo Perga,

Munch Paulson, Nathan R. Yergler, Rick Wagner, Sumit Pal, and Tyson S. Maxwell.

Because this is a second edition, I have to thank the authors of the first edition,

Daryl Harms and Kenneth MacDonald, for two things: first, for writing a book so sound

that it has remained in print well beyond the average lifespan of most tech books, and

second, for being otherwise occupied, thereby giving me a chance to update it. I hope

this version carries on the successful and long-lived tradition of the first.

Licensed to Kerri Ross <pedbro@gmail.com>

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

xix

Thanks to my canine associates, Molly, Riker, and Aeryn, who got fewer walks,

training sessions, and games of ball than they should have but still curled up beside

my chair and kept me company and helped me keep my sense of perspective as I

worked. You’ll get those walks now, guys, I promise.

Most important, thanks to my wife, Becky, who both encouraged me to take on this

project and had to put up with the most in the course of its completion—particularly

an often-grumpy and preoccupied spouse. I really couldn’t have done it without you.

Licensed to Kerri Ross <pedbro@gmail.com>

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# Task 13: Odd reverse Write a Python program to reverse all words of odd lengths. Sample data: ("The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog") ("Python Exercises") Sample output: The quick brown fox jumps revo the yzal dog nohtyP Exercises

Sure, here's a Python program that reverses all words of odd lengths in a given string: ```python def reverse_odd_words(string): words = string.split() for i in range(len(words)): if len(words[i])...

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