利用Azure Cosmos DB构建全球分布式NoSQL应用指南

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Introduction to NoSQL in Cosmos DB Chapter 1

[ 7 ]

Whenever it is necessary to deploy a new version of the application, we have to make sure

that the migration process is executed and that the underlying database schema has the

required version for the C# code and the ORM configuration. The migration process makes

the necessary changes in the tables and relationships to make it match the ORM mappings.

Hence, a single property that needs to be added to an object and needs to be persisted

generates a cascade of changes in different parts of our application. Of course, there are

many ways of automating the necessary tasks. However, the fact that the tasks are

automated doesn't mean that they aren't required.

Now, let's start thinking about the way in which we are going to work with a Cosmos DB

NoSQL document database. We can start writing our first version of an application with C#

and .NET Core, work with object-oriented programming, and use the provided methods in

the Cosmos DB .NET Core SDK to persist the created objects in the schema-agnostic

document database. There is no ORM between our application code and the NoSQL

database service. We work with objects, we persist them, we retrieve them, and we query

them. We only need to specify serialization and deserialization settings if necessary, but we

don't have to worry about mapping an object to tables and their relationships.

Documents are objects.

Now, seriously, what else do we need to do to create our first version of the application?

We have to learn how to work with the Cosmos DB .NET Core SDK, as well as the

necessary tools for interacting with and managing a Cosmos DB database, in order to be

ready for the first version of the application. We also have to understand the SQL dialect,

which allows us to work against a Cosmos DB document database, in addition to many

scalability and provisioning strategies.

A NoSQL database makes it easier to start working with a first version of

an application compared to the process required with the traditional ORM

and relational database management system combination. We work with

documents, we store documents, we retrieve documents, we query

documents. We don't require complex mappings and translations. We can

work with object-oriented code without adding complex middleware such

as an ORM.

Introduction to NoSQL in Cosmos DB Chapter 1

[ 8 ]

Whenever it is necessary to deploy a new version of an application that is working against

a Cosmos DB NoSQL document database, we don't have to worry about migration

processes. If we need to add a single property to an object, we just add it and persist it in

the schema-agnostic document database. There is no need to run any script that makes

changes to the existing documents. We can continue working with the documents with a

different schema, as they will be able to coexist with the new documents that have a new

schema.

What about queries that work only with the new property? No problem—we can use

properties or keys that don't exist in all the persisted documents; the schema-agnostic

features support this scenario. For example, we can start running queries that check

whether the value of the new property matches some specific criteria after persisting an

object that has the new property.

You might be wondering, "why haven't I been working with NoSQL for the last 10 years?"

There is a simple answer to this question: storage costs were higher and relational database

management systems made it easy to optimize storage use while providing great database

features. However, things have changed, and nowadays, we have new options. Cosmos DB

provides a NoSQL database service that allows us to get up and running very quickly. We

will learn how to create a first version and a second version of an application to simplify

the paradigm shift to the NoSQL way of working with Cosmos DB.

Obviously, as always happens, relational databases will still be great for thousands of

scenarios. However, be sure that the time you invest in learning Cosmos DB features will

allow you to use its services in an application in which you thought that the only choice

was a traditional relational database.

Learning about the main features of Cosmos

Cosmos DB extends the database service that was known as Azure Document DB.

However, it is very important to note that Cosmos DB adds a huge number of features to

the services offered by its predecessor. In fact, Cosmos DB is continuously adding new

features and has quickly become one of the most innovative services found in Azure that

targets mission-critical applications at a global scale.

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