"全球碳不平等：1990-2019年个人排放的环境不公平现状"

Abstract The period from 1990-2019 saw a significant rise in global carbon emissions, leading to a pressing need for understanding the unequal distribution of these emissions. This study examines the global carbon inequality among individuals during this time period by analyzing data on income and wealth disparities, Environmental Input-Output tables, and differentiating emissions from consumption and investments. The findings reveal a stark contrast in emissions contributions between different segments of the world population. The bottom 50% are found to be responsible for emitting only 12% of global emissions, highlighting the disproportionate burden of carbon emissions on marginalized communities. This disparity underscores the urgent need for policies and strategies that address carbon inequality and promote more equitable distribution of greenhouse gas emissions. Efforts to combat climate change must prioritize addressing the systemic inequalities that underlie carbon emissions disparities. By recognizing and addressing global carbon inequality, we can work towards a more sustainable and just future for all individuals, regardless of their economic status or geographic location. This study provides valuable insights into the complex dynamics of carbon emissions and illustrates the importance of considering equity in our approaches to climate action.